axillary artery

8/9/2019 axillary artery

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Axillary arteryDr Lakshmi T.A.

(Credits to Dr. Rashmi Bhat)Dept of anatomy

SJMC


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Learning Objectives

By the end of this class the student shouldknow about Axillary artery :

Origin

Termination

Course

Relations

Branches

Applied anatomy


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Axilla

Pyramidal space,between upprpart of arm & chest wall

Apex,Base &4 walls

anterior; posterior;

medial & lateral


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Axilla -boundaries


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Contents of axilla

Axillary artery &its branches

Axillary vein &its tributaries

Infraclavicular part of

brachial plexus

Long thoracic &intercosto-

brachial nerves

Axillary group of lymph

nodes

Axillary fat & areolar tissue


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Axillary artery-Extent

Outer border of 1strib to Lower border of Teres major muscle


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Extent direction

Direction

varies with

the positionof the arm


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Parts

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1stpart-superior (proximal) to muscle

2ndpart-posterior (deep) to muscle

3rdpart-inferior(distal) muscle


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Relations

First part of axillary artery is enclosed with brachial

plexus in axillary sheath


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first part

Anteriorly :

Skin ,superficial fascia,platysma,supraclavicular nerves,deep

fascia,clavicular part of pectoralis major,clavipectoral fascia

with cephalic vein,lateral pectoral nerve,thoracoacromial

vessels,communication loop of medial and lateral pectoral

nerves

Posteriorly :

1stintercostal space with external intercoctal muscle,1st&2nd

digitations of serratus anterior with its nerve,medial cord of

brachial plexus with medial pectoral nerve

Laterally:

lateral &posterior cords of brachial plexus

Medially: axillary vein.


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Second part

Anteriorly :

Skin ,superficial fascia,deep fascia,pectoralis

major,pectoralis minor

Posteriorly :

Posterior cord of brachial plexus,coracobrachialis muscle

Laterally:

lateral cord of brachial plexus

Medially:axillary vein,medial cord of brachial plexus,medial pectoral

nerve


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Third part

Anteriorly :Skin ,superficial fascia,deep fascia,pectoralis major,medial

root of medial nerve

Posteriorly :

Radial nerve; Upper part-axillary nerve,subscapularis muscleLower part-tendons of latissimus dorsi and teres major

muscles

Laterally:

Coracobrachialis,musculocutaneous nerve&lat root ofmedian nerve in upper part,trunk of median nerve in lower

part

Medially: axillary vein,medial cutaneous N of arm and fore

arm and ulnar artery


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Branches

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Axillary

Artery:

Part 1 (proximal)

one branch

Part 2

(intermediate) two

branches.

Part 3 (distal) threebranches.

Subclavian A.

Brachial A.


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Axillary

Artery:

First

Part Named Branch:

Highest Thoracic

A. (to external

thoracic body wall)

Supplies blood to

first and second

intercostal spaces


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Axillary

Artery:

third

part

Subscapular A.:

Branches:

Circumflex scapular

A. (to multiple

muscles associated

with the scapula)

1.

Thoracodorsal A.(to Latissimus

dorsi M.)

2.

Posterior circumflex

humoral A.

Anterior circumflex

humoral A.


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Surface marking

Hold the arm at right angles to the trunk with palm facingupwards

Mark a straight line joining the following points

1stpoint-mid point of the clavicle

2ndpoint-junction of anterior 1/3rdand posterior2/3rdof lateral

wall of axilla at its lower limit


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Summary

Axillary artery

Course

Relations

Branches Applied anatomy


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University Questions

Long essay.(10 marks)Describe the axillary artery under the following headings:

a)Origin & termination b)Relations c)Branches d)Applied

anatomy

Short essay.(5 marks)

Axillary artery,

Third part of axillary artery

Short answers.(3 marks)

Enumerate the branches of axillary artery

Name the branches of 2ndpart of axillary artery

Name the branches of 3rdpart of axillay artery


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References

Essentials of human anatomy-A.K.Datta;3rdedition;part-3

Human anatomy-B.D.Chaurasia;4thedition;vol1.

Text book of anatomy-Inderbir Singh;5thedition;vol1

Grays anatomy:The anatomical basis of clinical practice-Susan Strandring;40thedition

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