8/17/2019 AWWA B100-96 http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awwa-b100-96 1/21 American Water Works ssociation A WW ST ND RD f R FILTERING MATERIAL SECTION t GENERAL Sec 1.1 Scope ANSI/AWWA 8100..96 Revision of ANSI/AWWA 810 )..89) This st an d ar d covers g ravel h ig h- de n sit y gravel silica sand high-density media a n th ra ci te fi lte rm at erials and the pl ac em e nt of the m a te ri al s in filters f or w ate r sup- pl y service application. A planned revision to ANSJJAWWA B604 St an d ar d fo r G r an u la r Ac tivated Carbon w ill ad d re ss the use of GAC as a filter me di um an d as an ad sor be nt . Sec 1.2 Purpose Th e p u rp os e of th is sta nd ard is to provide purchasers with a s t an d ar d for purchas- i ng and installing fi l tration materials; it s not in te nd ed as a g uide for fi lte r design. Sec 1.3 Application This standard can be r eferenced in spec if i ca ti on s fo r pu rc h as in g and rec ei vi ng filte ri n g material and qm be u sed as a guide f or testing the physical and chemical pr op er ti es of fi lt er in g mater ia l sa m p le s. The st ip ul at io ns of this standard a pp ly when: th is d oc um en t has b e e n re fe re nc ed and only to fi lt e ring m at erials u se d in th e treatment o f d ri nk in g water s up plies. SECfiON 2: REfERENCES standard references editi on s t he se do cu m e nt s form a part this standard to the extent sp e ci f ied w it hi n the sta nd a rd . In any c as e of conflict the ;re qu ir em e n ts of t hi s standard sh al l p re v ai l.
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Transcript
8/17/2019 AWWA B100-96
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/awwa-b100-96 1/21
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8/17/2019 AWWA B100-96
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:
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1
ft
3
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o
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m
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2
.
C
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c
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r
:
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n
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t
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e
w
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rk
a
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d
m
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ia
l
s
f
or
pl
a
ce
ment
or
ins talla tion .
3
.
E
ff
ec
t
iv
e
s
iz
e
:
T
he
si
z
e
o
p
en
i
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g
t
h
a
t w
ill
j
ust
pass 10 percent
(by
dry
w
e
i
g
ht
)
o
f
a
r
ep
r
e
se
n
ta
t
iv
e
s
a
m
p
le
o
f
th
e
fi
lt
e
r
m
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te
r
ia
l;
t
h
a
t
is
, i
h
e
s
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d
is
tr
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n o
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5
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s
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pr
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p
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d
u
ct
s.
5
.
P
u
rc
h
a
se
r
:
J.1
le
pe
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so
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,
co
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p
a
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y,
o
r
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ga
n
iz
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ti
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n t
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at
p
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se
s
a
n
y
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er
i
al
s
o
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w
o
r
k
t
o
b
e
pe
r
fo
r
m
e
d.
6
.
S
e
m
i
b
u
lk
c
o
nt
ai
l'U
r:
A
la
r
ge
p
la
s t
ic
o
r
w
o
ve
n
b
u
lk
c
o
nt
a
in
e
r
ge
n
e
ra
l
ly
c
o
n
-
t
a
in
i
ng
a
p
p
ro
x
im
at
e
ly
1
t
o
n
o
r
m
o
r
e
o
f
fi
lt
e
r
m
a
te
r
ia
l .
t
i
s
co
m
m
on
l
y
r
ef
e
rr
ed
to
a
s
a sack.
S
u
p
pl
ie
r
:
T
h
e
p
ar
ty
t
ha
t
su
p
plies m ate ria ls
or
services. A supp lier
may
or
m
a
y
n
o
t
be
th
e
m
an
u
f
ac
t
ur
e
r.
n
t n
r
n
t
tv
c
il
ef
i
ci
en
t
:
p
a
s
s
p
e
rc
e
n
t
d
iv
i
de
d
b
y
t
he
s
am
e
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le
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ry
w
ei
g
ht
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op
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n
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g
t
h
at
• A
m
e
ri
c
an
S
o
c
ie
ty
f
or
T
hs
ti
ng
a
n
d
M
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ls
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10
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B
ar
r
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a
rb
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r
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t C
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,
P
A
19428-2959.
8/17/2019 AWWA B100-96
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FILT
ERIN
G M
ATE
RIAL
3
S
EC
TIO
N
4:
RE
QU
IRE
M
EN
TS
Se
c. 4.1
P
hys
ica
l Re
qu
irem
en
ts
Ta
ble
t
Fi
lter
Me
dia
An
thra
cite*
4. 1
.1
ilter
Fi
lte r
m
ed i
a of
an
th ra
c it e
, si
li ca
s
and
, an
d hig
h-d e
nsi t
y
sand
sh a ll
con
form
to
th
e fol l
owin
g : r
equ i
rem
ent s
.
4. 1
.1.1
Jl
nth r
ac it
e .
1.
Fil
ter ant
hra
cite
sha
ll
c
ons
is t o
f har
d,
dur
able
a
nthr
acit
e coa
l pa
rticl
es o
f
v
ari o
us s
izes .
Ble
ndi n
g o
f no
n-a n
thr a
cit e
m a
te ri a
l t
o m e
et
an
y
p
ort i
on o
f th
is s t
an d
ard
is
not
acc e
pta b
le.
2. T
he a
nth
raci
te s
h a l
l ha
v e
sp ec
ific
grav
ity ,
M o
hs'
sca
le o
f ha
rdn
ess,
and
ac i
d so
lub i
lity
lev e
ls a
s in
d ic a
ted
in T
abl e
1.
3
. T h
e
nthr
ci
te s
hal l
b e
vis i
bly
free
'of
sha
le ,
clay,
an
d
oth
er ex t
ran
eous
deb
ris.
4
.1.1
.2
Si l
ic a s
an d
.
1.
Si
li ca
s
and
s
h a ll
con
sis t
of
h a rd
, d
ura b
le,
and
den
se g
ra i
ns
of
p
red
omi
nan
tly
sili
ceo u
s m
ater
ial th a
t
w
ll res
is t
deg r
ada
ti on
duri
ng h
and
ling
and
u
se.
2
. T
he s
il ic a
s
and s
h a ll
h
ave
sp
ecif
ic g
ra vi
ty
and
a
c id
solu
bil i
ty le
vel s
a
s in di
ca
ted
i
n T
abl e
1.
3.
T
he s
ilica
sa n
d s
ha ll
b
e
visib
ly fr
ee o
f cl
ay, d
us t
, and
m
icac
eou s
an
d or
gan i
c
m
att e
r.
4. 1
.1.3
H
igh
-d en
sit y
san
d .
1.
H
ig h-
den s
ity
san
d sh
all
con
si st
of
ha
rd, du
ra bl
e, a
nd
dens
e gr a
in
gar
net ,
ilm e
nit e
, h e
m a
ti te ,
m a
g ne
ti te ,
or
ass o
cia
te d
min
era
ls of
tho
se o
res
th
at
w ll
re
sist
deg
rad
a ti o
n d u
rin g
h
and
ling
an
d
use .
2.
T h
e hi
gh-d
ens
ity
sa
nd
sha
ll
h
av e
sp e
cifi
c gr
av ity
, M
ohs
' sc a
le
of h a
rd n
ess,
a
nd aci d
so l
ubi l
it y l
eve l
s as
in d
ica t
ed
in Ta
ble
1
.
3. The hig h-d ensi ty
sand shal l
be
vi sibl y fre e
of
clay,
dust,
an
d m ic
ac eo
us
and
o
rga n
ic m
atte
r.
N
OTE
: 'Th
stin
g f o
r cla
y, du
st,
a
nd m i
cac e
ous
and or g
an i
c ma t
te r
is
nor
m al
ly n
ot
ne
ces s
ary ,
bu
t
i
d
el e
te ri o
us m
ate
rial
s
are
n
oti c
eab l
e, th
e m
edia
sh
all
b
e w
ith
in
the
fol l
owin
g
lim
its: 1
) a m
axi
mum
of 2
p
erc
ent
min
us N
o.
20 0
0.
07 4
mm
) ·m a
teri
el b
y
w
ash i
ng,
as d
ete
rm in
ed
b
y A ST
M C
117
; an
d (
2) a
co l
or n
ot d
ark
er tha
n
th
e sta
n-
d
ard
co
lor in
A
STM
C4
0 fo
r o r
gan
ic im
p u
ritie
s in
fin e
ag
gre g
ate .
·
4. 1
.1.4
M
ed i
a si z
e:
1
Th e
m ed
ia s
ize
is c
om
m on
ly s
pec i
fie d
in
te
rms
of ef
fe ct i
ve s
ize
ES
) and
un
ifor
m ity
coe
ffici
ent U
C)
o
r
i
n t
e rm
s o f
par t
icl e
size
rang
e .
O nl
y o n
e of
the
fol
lowi
ng
sha
ll be
us e
d:
f i lt
e r
Cha
ra ct
er ist
ic s
Spe
cific
rav
it y
H a
rd n
es s
Aci
d So
lu bi
lity
(
Mob
s Sc
ale)
>1
.4
>
2.7
<
5
S
ilica
S
and
Hig
h- D
en si
ty Sa
nd
>
2.5
>3.8
N
A
>5
<
5
<5
•S
ee f o
rewor
d for
sugg
estio
ns o
n ad d
ition
al an
thrac
ite t
ests.
8/17/2019 AWWA B100-96
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FIL
T
ER
I
NG
M
A
T
ER
IA
L
7
a
b
le
a
xi
m
u
m
ba
c
kw
a
s
h
ra
t
es
W
a
te
r
T
hm
p
er
at
ur
e
O
50
o
r
le
ss
51
-5
5
56
-
60
61
-
65
6
6-
70
7
1-
7
5
A
bo
ve
7
5
M
a
xi
m
um
B
a
ck
w
as
h
R
at
e*
15
1
6
1
7
1
8
5
2
0
2
1
2
2
.5
•
T
he
se
m
ax
im
um
ba
ck
w
as
h
ra t
es
a
re
a
g u
id
el
in
e f
or
0
.45
m
m
t
o
0.6
5
m
m
sa
n
d an
d
1.0
m
m
an
th
ra c
it
e.
Th
e
ra
te
s
sh
ou
ld
be
a
dj
us
te
d
a
s n
ec
es s
ar
y
fo
r o
th
er
f
il te
r
m
ate
ri
al
s.
Th
e
lo
w
es t
m
a
xim
u
m
b
ac
kw
a
sh
r
at
e s
ho
ul
d
b
e t
ha
t w
h
ic
h
flu
id
ize
s
th
e
b
ed
a
n
d a
tt
ain
s
su
ff
ic i
en
t v
el
oc
iti
es
to
b
ri n
g
fin
es
t
o t
he
s
ur
fac
e.
4
.5
.2
.3
A
dd
it
io
n
al
m
a
te
ri
al
f
a
d
d
it i
on
a
l m
at
er
ia
l
is
r
e
qu
ir
e
d
to
b
ri
ng
th
e
to
p
su
r
fa
ce
o
f t
h
e
fi
lte
r
to
t
he
sp
ec
if
ie
d
fin
i
sh
ed
e
le
v
at
io
n,
s
uf
fi
ci
en
t
m
at
er
ia
l
sh
al
l
be
a
d
de
d
b
ef
or
e t
h
e
f
m
al
s
c
ra
p
in
g
op
e
ra
ti
on
.
A
d
eq
u
at
e
m
at
e
ri
al
s
h
a
ll
b
e
a
d
de
d
t
o
a
n t
ic
ip
a
te
t
he
f
in
al
s
cr
ap
in
g
.
4.
5.
2.
4
I
n
-p
la
ce
m
e
d
ia
s
a
m
pl
in
g.
f
n-
pl
ac
e
s
am
p
l
es
o
f
m
ed
i
a a
re
re
q
u i
re
d
b
y
th
e
p
u
rc
ha
s
er
,
co
m
p
os
it
e
sa
m
p
le
s
sh
a
ll
b
e
p
re
pa
r
ed
f
ro
m
a
m
in
im
um
of
f
ou
r
f
il t
er
s
a
ft
er
th
e
y
h
a
ve
b
e
en
b
a
ck
w
a
sh
e
d a
n
d
d
r
ai
ne
d
.
C
or
e
sa
m
p
le
s
sh
a
ll
b
e t
ak
e
n
u
s
in
g
a
2
-i
n.
d
ia
m
e
te
r
c
or
e
s
am
p
le
r.
t
s
ha
ll
be
i
n
se
rt
ed
to
th
e
e
le
v
at
io
n
j
u
st
a
bo
v
e
th
e
g
r
av
e
l i
n
te
rf
ac
e,
an
d
th
e
n
r
em
ov
ed
b
y
ex
c
av
a
ti
ng
a
r
ou
n
d
i
t i
n
o
r
de
r
to
ex
t
ra
c t
a
c
o
m
pl
et
e
pr
o
fi l
e
o
fm
a
te
r
ia
l a
b
ov
e
th
a
t
e
le
va
ti
on
.
C
om
p
o
si
te
s
am
p
l
es
f
ro
m
e
ac
h
f
il
te
r
s
ha ll co nsi st of equal p ort io ns from a m in imum o f five c ores dist ri buted o ver e ach
m
ed
i
a s
u
rf
ac
e.
1
S
a
m
pl
e
p r
e
pa
ra
t
io
n .
U
p
o
n
re
ce
ip
t
o
f th
e
sa
m
p
le
s,
th
e
l
a
bo
ra
to
r
y
sh
a
ll
p
re
-
pa
r
e th
e
m
i
n
t
h
e
fo
ll
ow
i
ng
m
an
n
er
:
a
.
P
la
ce
0
.2
5
L
t
o
0
.5
L
o
f m
ed
ia
sa
m
p
le
i
n
a
1-
L
o
r
1-
ga
l
bo
tt
le
.
·
b
.
F
il
l t
h
e
bo
tt
le
t
o
w
i t
h i
n
1
in
.
o
f th
e
t
op
w
i
th
cl
ea
n
w
a
te
r.
c
P
la
ce
c
a
p o
n
bo
tt
le
a
n
d
sh
a
k
e
fo
r
2
m
in
u
si
ng
tw
o
o
r
th
r
ee
f
or
w
a
rd
a
n
d
b
ac
k
w
ar
d
m
o
tio
n
s p
e
r
s
ec
on
d
.
d
.
A
ll
ow
t
he
m
e
d
ia
to
se
tt
le
, th
e
n
d
e
ca
n
t th
e
s
u
pe
r
na
ta
n
t
l
iq
ui
d
i n
to
a
c l
ea
n
c
o
nt
ai
ne
r.
e.
s t
ep
s
b
t
h r
o
ug
h
d
u
n
ti
l su
p
er
n
at
an
t
i
s
c
le
an
.
f
f
coa l
or granular
acti vated c arb on
is
used
as the
to
p
l a
y
er
, t
h
en
s
e
pa
r
at
e
t
ha
t
m
ed
ia
f
ro
m
t
h
e
s
a
n
d
by
u s
in
g
th
e
t
ec
h
ni
qu
e
d
es
c
ri
be
d
i
n
A
S
T
M
D
4
3
71
.
2
sa
p
1p
le
s
in
a
c
co
rd
a
nc
e
w
it
h
S
ec
:
4.
5.
3
A
f
te
r a
ll
w
o
r
k
t
o
pl
ac
e
m
en
t
co
m
-
pl
et
ed
,
an
d
b
e
fo
re
fi
lt e
r
i
s
p
la
c
ed
e
nt
ir
e
fi
lt
e r
b
e
d
is
in
fe
c
te
d
by
c
h
lo
ri
na
ti
o
n in
a
c
co
rd
a
nc
e
w
it
h
A
N
SI
IA
W
W
A
C
65
3
,
un
le
s
s
ot
h
er
w
is
e
sp
e
ci
fi e
d
t
he
pu
rc
h
as
e
r s
sp
ec
if
ic
at
io
n
s.
T
h
e
p
ro
ce
d
ur
e
f
or
d
is
in
f
ec
ti
on
of
g
ra
n
u
la
r
ac
ti
va
t
ed
c
ar
bo
n
w
il
l
be
s
ti
p
u l
a t
ed
in
a
p
la
.n
ne
d.
r
ev
is
io
n
to
A
N
S
IJ
A
W
W
A
B
6
04
.
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ab
le
S
a
m
p
lin
g
of
b
a
gg
e
d
m
e
di
a·
Lo
t
S
iz e
n
u
mb
e
r o
f b
a
gs
sh
ip
pe
d)
2
-8
9-
15
1
6-
25
26
-5
0
5
1-
90
9
1-
15
0
1
51
-2
80
28
1-
50
0
5
0
1- 1
2
00
1
2
01
-3
20
0
3
20
1
-10
0
00
10 001-35 000
3
5
00
1-
15
0
00
0
R
efe
r t
o M
i
li ta
ry
S
ta
nd
ar
d M
IL
-S
TD
-1
05
D
(1
96
3).
F
IL
TE
RI
NG
MA
T
ER
IA
L
9
M
i
ni
m
um
S
am
p
le
S
iz
es
n
um
b
e
r o
f b
ag
s)
2
3
5
8
13
20
32
50
8
0
1
25
20
0
315
50
0
le
a
st
on
e
co
m
p
os
ite
s
am
p
le
s
ha
ll
b
e
ge
n
er
a t
ed
f
or
e
ac
h
si
ze
an
d
t
yp
e
o
f m
a
te
ri
al
p
er
ra
ilc
a
r l
o
ad
o
r t
ru
ck
lo
a
d.
5.
2.
4
C
om
p
os
ite
sa
m
pl
e
Th
e
c
o
mp
o
si
te
s
am
p
le
s
h
a l
l
be
re
du
ce
d
t
o
r
ep
re
s
en
ta
ti
v e
s
am
p
le
s
f
or
te
s
tin
g
i
n
a
cc
or
da
n
ce
wi
th
A
S
TM
C
7
02
.
S
am
p
le
s
sh
a
ll
b
e
t
es
te
d
b
y t
he
m
e
th
o
ds
in
d
ic
at
ed
in
S
e
c.
5
.3.
S
e
c
5
3
le
st
P
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
-
G
en
e
r
a
l
If
fi l te r materia ls te s ti ng is not wit ness ed
at
the
sh ip ping poin t by
the
pu
r
c
h
as
er
, th
e
m
a
te
r i
a l
s
ho
u
ld
be
t
es
te
d
at
th
e j
ob
si
te
. T
h
e
m
at
er
ia
l
sh
a l
l b
e
sa
m
p
le
d i
n
a
cc
o
rd
an
ce
w
i
th
A
S
T
M
D
7
5 a
nd
r
ed
uc
e
d
to
t
e s
ti
ng
s
iz
e i
n
a
cc
o
rd
an
ce
w
it
h
A
S
TM
C
70
2.
A
p
o
rt
io
n
of
t
h
e
re
d
uc
ed
s
a
m
pl
e
sh
o
ul
d b
e
r
e t
a i
ne
d
fo
r
p
os
si
bl
e i
n
de
pe
n
de
n
t
a
n
al
ys
is
.
.
..
5.
3. 1
Ac
id
so
lu
bi
lit
y
Th
e
a
ci
d-
so
lu
b
il i
ty
t
es
t
is
p
e
rf
on
n
ed
b
Y
i
m
m
er
s i
ng
a
k
no
w
n
w
ei
gh
t
o
f m
a
te
r i
a l
in
1:1
h
y
dr
oc
h
lo
ri c
a
ci
d
(H
C
l)
(
m
ad
e
y
co
m
bi
ni
ng
e
q
ua
l
vo
lu
m
e
s
o
f 1
.1
8
sp
ec
if
iC
g
ra
vi
ty
H
C
l a
n
d
H
2
0)
u
n
ti l
th
e
a
ci
d-
so
lu
b
le
m
at
er
ia
ls
a
re
d
is
so
lv
ed
, t
h
en
de
te
nn
in
i
ng
th
e
w
e
ig
h
t l
os
s
o
f
th
e m
a
te
r
ia
l
T
he
m
i
n i
m
um
sa
m
pl
e
s
iz
e a
n
d
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
q
u
an
ti
ty
o
f c
on
c
en
tr
a t
ed
H
C
l
di
lu
te
d
on
e
-to
-o
n
e w
i
th
d
is
ti l
le
d
w
at
er
a
re
in
d i
ca
te
d
in
T
a
bl e
5
.
5. 3. 1.1 Pro ce dure. The procedure for testing aci