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HAZARDIDENTIFICATION,

RISK ASSESSMENT

& RISK CONTROL

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OBJECTIVE

To identify types of Hazard in work areaTo make Risk AssessmentsTo suggest Risk Controls toOrganizationTo implementing Risk ControlsTo review Risk Controls

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HIRARC

LEGAL

ACCIDENT &

NEAR MISSES

FEEDBACK &

COMPLAIN INSPECTION

& AUDIT

SOP

INTERNALAUDIT POLICY SAFETY

COMMITTEE

TRANING

ERP

MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

HIRARC -Planning & Implementation

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OSH-MS (MS 1722:2003)

Policy

OrganizingPlanning And ImplementationMeasuring Performance

Action for Improvement

Key Elements

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Why We Need OSH-MS

Our Organization to be No. 1Increase Return of Investment

- employees, money , time.. Safe work place

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How To Start

Organization should have visionCommitment from management

- right people- resource- time

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Should have internal auditManagement committee to review reports

External auditSpecific organization policy- hazard specificEmployees participation - meeting, training

Safety as basic training

How To Start

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Why conduct a riskassessment

Human factors save life, stop workplace injures,illnesses and increase staff morale.

Legal factors meet legislative requirements,OHS&W and WorkCover.

Financial factors decrease the risk of prosecution

and fines incurred, lower WorkCoverlevies, reduceabsenteeism, increase potential for gainingshareholders and increase productivity.

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Hazard Management Process

Identify the hazards

Assess the risks

Evaluate risks

Control the risks

Monitor and review

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Introduction to HIRARC

Principles used in workplace to managesafety and health.

Section 15 (2)(a) of OSHA 1994:which reads the provision andmaintenance of plants and systems of

work that are,so far as is practicable,safe and without risks to health

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Definition

Hazard A source or a situation with a potential forharm to humans, property and damage of

environment or a combination of these.DangerRelative exposure to hazard.

Risk A combination of likelihood of occurrenceand severity of injury or damage.

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Overview Of HIRARC

Definition of HazardsClassification of HazardsPotential sources of HazardsBasic components of Risk Management

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The Process of Risk Management

Classify Activities(Work, Product, Services)

Identify Hazard

Assess The Risk

Risk Control

Review Risk Control

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Classification & PotentialSources of Hazards

Classification Example of HazardsMechanical - Sharp points & edges, overload.Electrical - Insulation damaged or cover brokenBiological - Exposed, airborne/blood borne microorganism.Chemical - Expose to carcinogens chemical

Ergonomics - Expose to unnatural posturesPsychological- Stress or violent at workplace.

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WORK ENVIRONMENT

Adequate AccessRefers to adequate access to, from and within the workplace

Air ConditioningRefers to uncontaminated air in the work space

Confined SpacesMeans enclosed work space where people do not normallywork (defined in standards)

Temperature Extremes:a) Heat This includes contact with hot objects, hyperthermia, fire (Not explosions)b) Cold This includes contact with cold objects and hypothermia

LightingRefers to adequate illumination for the particular work being done

Mental StressIncludes bullying, workplace violence, shift work, excessive work loads

Dehydration Adequate water supply for the individuals while working

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ENERGY

ElectricalIncludes contact with exposed wires and contact with high voltage

GravityIncludes falls, trips and slips of persons as well as objects falling, working atheights

Kinetic Energy:

a) The body hitting objects Hitting objects with part of the bodyb) Hit by moving objects Being hit by moving objects but excluding fallingobjectsc) Explosion An explosion may also include heat as a hazardd) Penetrating objects This includes all objects that can penetrate includingneedles

Vibration

Includes vibration to parts or to the whole body Acoustic/NoiseIncludes exposure to single, sudden sound or long term exposure

PressurePressure in hydraulic and pneumatic systems

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BIOLOGICAL

Biological /Microbiological

Includes bacterial, fungal, viral, parasiticor human/animal tissue/fluids bloodproducts

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MECHANICAL

VehiclesBeing caught between, struck by or againstvehicles(includes fork lifts)

Mobile and Fixed PlantBeing caught between, struck by or against plant(defined in legislation)

Powered EquipmentIncludes electrical or fuel powered equipment, toolsand appliances

Non-Powered EquipmentIncludes non-powered hand tools, appliances andequipment

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CHEMICAL

FlammableRefers to chemicals which burn

CorrosiveRefers to chemicals which will corrode tissue or metals

Toxic Refers to chemicals which will poison a workerOxidizers

Refers to chemicals which will provide oxygen to a fire, orreact readily

Compressed GasesRefers to gases which under high pressure

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Hazard Identification

To keep workplace safe and healthy.-employers should make sure there are nohazards to which employees could beexposed.Employers should look for hazards inadvance

as part of their risk management plan toprevent potential hazards.

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Actions & Recommendations

All related statements should bemade

With no cost restrainsShould be reviewed every 4 monthsNeed management support

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Risk Assessment

Is the process of evaluating the risk tosafety & health from hazards at work

Types - Qualitative

- Semi-quantitative- Quantitative

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How To Assess Risk

1) Look for the Hazards2) Decide who might be harmed & how

3) Evaluate the risk and check what isdone to prevent it from happening

4) Record finding 5) Review assessment and revise it

if necessary

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Types of Risk Assessment

Qualitative - (Use Risk Matrix )-table scales for likelihood and

severity Fatality Major injuries Minor injuries First aid or near misses

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Types of Risk Assessment

Based on statisticLikelihoodVery likelyLikely

UnlikelyHighly Unlikely

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Qualitative Risk Table

SeverityLikelihood

V/Likely Likely Unlikely H/Unlikely

Fatality High High High MediumMajorInjuries

High High Medium Medium

MinorInjuries

High Medium Medium Low

First Aid/N/misses

Medium Medium Low Low

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Semi-Quantitative Risk Assessment

Severity Categories1. First Aid

2. Less than 4 days M/C3. More than 4 days M/C4. Fatality & Permanent Disability

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Semi-Quantitative Risk Assessment

Likelihood Occurrence

1. Yearly2. Monthly3. Weekly

4. Daily

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Semi-Quantitative Risk Table

LIKELIHOOD

SEVER

ITy

Yearly Monthly Weekly Daily

1 2 3 4

First Aid 1 1 2 3 4

< 4 Days MC 2 2 4 6 8

> 4 Days MC 3 3 6 9 12

Fatality &PermanentDisability

4 4 8 12 16

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Quantitative Risk Assessment

In cases where hazards are numerousand complex

eg; Chemical process plantShould have Job Safety Analysis (JSA)- describe job in less than 10 steps

- List things that can go wrong- eg; Changing a Car Wheel

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Actions & Recommendations

EL- EliminateSL- Substitute

IS- IsolationEC- Engineering Control

AC - Administration Control

PPE- Personal ProtectionEquipment

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Actions & Recommendations

Eg;EL - stop work, cover hazard SL - use other route, other material..

IS - put up temporary barrier, EC - construct permanent wall,..

AC - put up notice, job rotation,

PPE - gloves, respirator,

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Thank You