INTRODUCTION Automobiles are synonyms for mobility and freedom. An amazing increase in the growth of population in this world leads to the rapid increase in the number of vehicle being used. With the growing number of vehicles and the consequent shortage of parking space, there is haphazard and totally unregulated parking of vehicles all over. In densely populated areas they are real challenge for city planners, architects and developers. The need to offer sufficient parking spaces is a task for specialists. This situation calls for the need for an automated parking system that not only regulates parking in a given area but also keeps the manual control to a minimum. Automatic car parking systems is the sole solution to park as many cars as possible in as little space as possible. Automatic car parking systems are based on the most modern technology of storage systems. Our demonstration facility presents a miniature model of an automated car parking system that regulates the number of cars that can be parked in a given space at any given time based on the parking space availability. Automated parking is a method of parking and exiting cars using sequence detecting and sensing devices. The entry and exit of vehicles are facilitated using a totally automated gate. Status signals indicate whether a car is currently in the process of entering or leaving the parking space. After the initial installation, the system requires no manual control. It requires no attendants, is more cost-effective than conventional garages, and allows more cars to be parked in less space. The automation technology is used to typically double to triple the capacity of conventional parking garages.
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INTRODUCTION
Automobiles are synonyms for mobility and freedom.
An amazing increase in the growth of population in this world leads to the rapid
increase in the number of vehicle being used. With the growing number of
vehicles and the consequent shortage of parking space, there is haphazard and
totally unregulated parking of vehicles all over. In densely populated areas they
are real challenge for city planners, architects and developers. The need to offer
sufficient parking spaces is a task for specialists. This situation calls for the
need for an automated parking system that not only regulates parking in a given
area but also keeps the manual control to a minimum. Automatic car parking
systems is the sole solution to park as many cars as possible in as little space as
possible. Automatic car parking systems are based on the most modern
technology of storage systems.
Our demonstration facility presents a miniature model of
an automated car parking system that regulates the number of cars that can be
parked in a given space at any given time based on the parking space
availability. Automated parking is a method of parking and exiting cars using
sequence detecting and sensing devices. The entry and exit of vehicles are
facilitated using a totally automated gate. Status signals indicate whether a car is
currently in the process of entering or leaving the parking space. After the initial
installation, the system requires no manual control. It requires no attendants, is
more cost-effective than conventional garages, and allows more cars to be
parked in less space. The automation technology is used to typically double to
triple the capacity of conventional parking garages.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
A gate has been provided at the entry of the parking
space, which opens on the arrival or departure of a car. A display section has
been provided, which consists of status signals and a display showing the
number of cars present in the parking space at any point of time. After the
maximum number or cars have entered the parking space, the gate is
automatically disabled for vehicles seeking entry into the parking lot. A logic
circuit distinguishes between the cars and persons or two wheelers, so that
persons and two wheelers are not included in the count for cars.
SUBMITTED BY:
o MUHAMMED FAISAL T
o RAKESH KP
o SARATH T S
o SHAUN S SEKHAR
S6, Applied Electronics And Instumentation
BLOCK DIAGRAM
The block diagram presented earlier consists of
transmitter, receiver, de-multiplexer, up-counter, down-counter and display
sections.
The transmitter section comprises of two light emitting
diodes which transmit high power light beams. These light beams are incident
on the receivers, which produce an output of zero volt if the beam received is
uninterrupted and +5V if the beam is interrupted by a car. These receivers are
the Light Detecting Resistors which are arranged in such a manner so as to
detect the light even after the obstacle between the sensor and receiver passes
through. The working of the sensors is based on the voltages across collector,
emitter, and base respectively.
Whenever a car enters the parking area, it interrupts
the light beams in a definite sequence. This sequence is given to the up-count
sequence detector, which generates a high output only if the correct sequence
has been detected. Similarly, when the car leaves the parking area, it generates a
fixed sequence, which is given to the down- count sequence detector. The down
count sequence detector generates a high output only if the correct sequence is
produced by the exiting car. The outputs of the up count and down count blocks
are given to the display section. The display section has a counter and a 7-
segment display along with its driver IC to display the count. Depending on the
sequence detector that generates an actuating signal, the count is either
incremented or decremented.
The outputs shown in the display section are based on the increment and
decrement of the counters. Based on these outputs the actuating signals are used
to enable the different status signal.
The display section also consists of certain status signals. The different status
signals include:
1. A yellow signal to indicate that a car is currently in the process of entering or
leaving the parking space.
2. A green signal to indicate that the parking lot has not reached its maximum
capacity and that space is available for the parking of a car in the parking area.
3. A red signal to indicate that the parking space is full. The activation of this
signal coincides with the disabling of the green signal and consequently closing
of the gate for vehicles trying to enter the parking lot.
Thus the circuit functions regulating the number
of cars that can be parked in a given parking lot at any given time based on the
parking space availability. And also indicates the current status of the parking
lot, be it full, half -filled or vacant .
DISPLAY INDICATION CHART
LED
INDICATION
YELLOW
RED
GREEN
Car in the process of
parking
No vacancy
Parking Space Available
THE CIRCUIT
The automated car parking circuit primarily uses
two LDR’s, two transmitters which are high power LED’s, 74LS74 D flip-flops,