Authors in World History Voorhees
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Authors in World History
Voorhees
Who wrote the Koran?
Muhammad the Prophet
What religion did Muhammad found?
Islam
Name the Renaissance writer
best known for writing sonnets.
Shakespeare
Northern Renaissance-
England
What is a sonnet?
A 14 line poem -
(very popular in the Renaissance)
Who wrote the Renaissance book In Praise of Folly?
Erasmus
Why did Erasmus write In Praise of
Folly?
It criticized abuses in the
Catholic Church
A “folly” is a mistake
Erasmus harassed the Catholic Church
Who wrote the 95 Theses?
Church door in Wittenberg
Martin Luther
Luther lived in the northern German
states of the Holy Roman Empire
Why did Martin Luther write the
95 Theses?
A list of 95 statements criticizing the Catholic Church
Name three famous plays Shakespeare wrote.
Macbeth, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet
Who wrote Don Quixote?
Cervantes
Cervantes was from Spain
What was Don Quixote about?
Its hero is generally seen as a universal symbol of idealists on impossible quests for goodness.
What was significant about Don Quixote?
It was the first novel!
(novel= fiction=
not a true story)
What Age of Enlightenment
book did Thomas Hobbes write?
Leviathan
A Leviathan is a huge “sea monster”
What did Hobbes argue was the best form of government in Leviathan?
absolutism
The Leviathan, or sea monster, represents the all powerful government Hobbes believed exist
to avoid chaosHobbes absolute ruler
Who wrote the Two Treatises of Government?
John Locke
A. What did Locke argue was the best form of Government?
B. Why?
A. democracy
B. Locke believed in democracy because he argued the people were SOVEREIGN (the people have ultimate power)
What three rights did Locke say the Government MUST
protect?
Life, liberty, and property
What affects did John Locke have on the United States?
He influenced the Declaration of Independence.
“among these
rights are life,
liberty, and the
pursuit of
happiness”
- T. Jefferson
Who wrote The Spirit of Laws?
Baron de Montesquieu
Montesquieu was from France
“Liberty is the right to do everything which the laws
allow.”-Montesquieu
(from L'Esprit des lois)
What idea about the structure of government did Montesquieu
express in Spirit?
“separation of powers”
(3 branches of government)
Why did Montesquieu advocate “separation
of powers”?
In order to avoid one person gaining all the
power
(NO ABSOLUTISM!)
If Montesqueiu is AGAINST absolutism,
then which thinker does he disagree with?
ThomasHobbes
A Leviathan: The absolute
government
What affect did Montesquieu have on the United States?
Montesquieu influenced the U.S. Constitution
The Constitution sets up three branches of
Government, just as Montesquieu recommended.
What was Voltaire famous
for saying?
“I disapprove of what you say, but will defend to the death your right
to say it”
What does this quote defend?
Freedom of speech and
religion
Who wrote the Social Contract?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
What does Rousseau say about “The
Social (or society’s) Contract?”
It is a contract between the people and their rulers
What does Rousseau say should happen if
this contract is broken by the
rulers?
The people should rebel!
The Storming of BastilleLiberty leading the
People
by Delacroix
List the Five Enlightenment
writers/thinkers
5 Enlightenment thinkers:
1. Thomas Hobbes
2. John Locke
3. Baron de Montesquieu
4. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
5. Voltaire
A. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
B. Which Enlightenment thinker influenced it the most?
A. Thomas Jefferson
B. John Locke
Who wrote the Wealth of Nations?
Adam SmithYeah me.
What did the Wealth of Nations
defend?
It defended capitalism--freedom to buy and sell as you please
Smith said this created wealth even though no one controls it.
A. What did Karl Marx Write?
B. Who helped him write it?
A. Communist ManifestoB. Frederick Engels
What new ideas did Marx introduce in the Communist
Manifesto?
Communism and Socialism
What did communism and socialism attempt to correct?
the bad conditions and unequal incomes of the Industrial Revolution
Describe a communist society
Equal wages for all workers; common property--no right to own property!
Common farms Equal wages in all jobs
Soviet Harvest
What two groups did Marx say are always in conflict?
The Proletariat and the Bourgeoisie
A proletariat ready to revolt
A. Who are the Proletariat?
B. Who are the Bourgeoisie?
A. The Proletariat are the workers (factories, mines)
B. The Bourgeoisie are the middle class
(owners and managers)
What did Marx predict would happen
between the Proletariat and Bourgeoisie?
The Proletariat would revolt, overthrow the
Bourgeoisie, take control of the factories, and create communism
Given Marx’s belief in communism, who would have been the
person MOST opposite of Marx?
Adam SmithHe defended
capitalism, which Karl Marx said caused bad
conditions and unequal wages
for the Proletariat
What book did Adolf Hitler
write?
Mein Kampf“My Struggle”
Hitler laid out his plan for Germany and his
hatred of Jews
one more!WHO IS THIS MAN?
•5th-century BC Greek historian•provided information about ancient Greece, North Africa, and the Middle East. •traveled extensively throughout the Mediterranean world. •“Father of History” •produced a narrative compilation of his findings, entitled History
father of history
Herodotus
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