Authors Asst. Dr. Sirikul Chunsawang Collage of Engineering, Rangsit University, THAILAND. Asst. Dr. Sirirat Wongprakornkul Title : Capsule Production from Chitosan
Jan 28, 2016
Authors Asst. Dr. Sirikul Chunsawang Collage of Engineering, Rangsit University, THAILAND.
Asst. Dr. Sirirat WongprakornkulFaculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, THAILAND.
Title : Capsule Production
from Chitosan
Introduction
Chitosan is derived from chitin by removing and refining the acetyls through a process called deacetylation.
unsaturated amino polysaccharide
similar to cellulose which is plants fiber
Objectives
1. To prepare chitosan from prawn shells
3. To compare chitosan capsule with gelatin capsule
2. To prepare chitosan capsule
Methodology
1. preparation of chitin
2. preparation of chitosan
3. capsule production from chitosan
4. testing of chitosan and gelatin capsule properties.
prawn shells
reduced protein
8%w NaOH 1:6 w/v 80-90 ๐C 2-3 h
reduced mineral
8%w HCl 1:6 w/v 25-30 ๐C 24 h
1. preparation of chitin150g 300m – 1.18mm250g 1.18mm - 2.36mm300g 2.36mm – 4.75mm
chitin
deacetylation
50%w NaOH 1:10 w/v 90-120 ๐C 4-5 h
Compared with std Sigma – Aldrich
2. preparation of chitosan
3. capsule production from chitosan
Chitosan
Viscous solution
0.1M acetic acid 0.1:5 w/v
capsule
Thai Industrial Standards of solid gelatin capsule, (TIS 913-2532)
4. testing of chitosan and gelatin capsule properties.
Thai Industrial Standards of solid gelatin capsule, (TIS 913-2532)
• size and size error of capsule• moisture resistance • dissociation• moisture content• ash content.
Results & Discussion
chitin chitosan
The color of chitosan is white & transparent, crisp flake %yield= 24-30
Amide
COC
C – O
NH2
Tranmittance of standard chitosan from Sigma Aldrich
COC
NH2
Amide C –
O COC
Transmittance of chitosan
Particle size Ash content (%)
300 m -1.18 mm 0.399
1.18 mm – 2.36 mm 0.496
2.36 mm - 4.75 mm 0.896
Ash content of chitosan
Ash content of standard chitosan from Sigma Aldrich equal to o.5%
(left) Gelatin capsule (right) Chitosan capsule
TestingNo.
(gelatin)
Length (mm) Mass(mg)one size o
f capsuleother size of capsul
e
closedcapsule
1 16.70 10.50 21.70 76.60
2 16.74 10.50 21.75 79.80
3 16.70 10.58 21.75 76.30
4 16.75 10.52 21.72 75.20
5 16.75 10.55 21.70 76.50
Avg 16.73 10.53 21.72 76.88
size of gelatin capsule
size of chitosan capsule
Testing No.(chitosan)
Length (mm) Mass(mg)one size
of capsule
other size of caps
ule
closedcapsule
1 16.75 10.55 21.75 55.80
2 16.72 10.50 21.70 60.20
3 16.70 10.52 21.70 52.20
4 16.75 10.55 21.70 54.80
5 16.74 10.58 21.75 57.10
Average 16.73 10.54 21.72 56.02
Result of size and size error of capsule
For statistical analysis, the t-test was raised to perform. We found that both chitosan capsule and gelatin capsule are not significant.
• One side of capsule with p-value = 0.799• Other side of capsule with p-value = 0.644• closed capsule with p-value = 0.799
Mass of chitosan capsule is lighter than gelatin capsule.
Result of moisture resistance
Chitosan capsule is more durable than gelatin
capsule when we kept into water at 25๐ c for
15 min.
Result of dissociation of capsule
Both gelatin and chitosan capsules were kept into water pH 7 at 372 ๐C and detected time when they were dissociated
retesting again by kept into acetic acid at difference concentration: pH 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 respectively.
Types pHTime (min)
average(min)No. 1 No.2 No.3
gelatin 7 11 11 10 10.67
chitosan 7 not not not not
chitosan 6 not not not not
chitosan 5 not not not not
chitosan 4 not not not not
chitosan 3 230 240 238 236
chitosan 2 165 169 180 171.33
Result of moisture content
gelatin and chitosan capsule had average moisture contents 15.138% and 19.703%
Result of ash content of capsule
ash content of gelatin capsule 1.302% ash content of chitosan capsule 1.123%
Conclusion
• 150 g of 300 m - 1.18 mm produce 36 g of chitosan
• 250 g of 1.18 mm - 2.36 mm produce 60 g of chitosan
• 300 g of 2.36 mm.- 4.75 mm produce 72 g of chitosan
(24-30%yield)
• Chitosan capsule is resistance to moisture and dissociate in pH 2 to 3 solution which is the suitable pH in stomach.
Acknowledgement
Kingfisher holding Ltd.
Rangsit University
Thank you for your attention.