Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 1 - 23 rd June 2014 Raoul Fortner, MSc RPAS 2014 Conference, Brussels 23 rd June 2014 Austrian Experiences with Austrian Experiences with the the First National VLOS First National VLOS Regulation Regulation Implemented in 2014 Implemented in 2014 www.aaig.at/uas www.aaig.at/uas – – [email protected][email protected]
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Association of the Austrian Aeronautics/Supply/Industry Founded 1999 as a non-profit organisation (membership fees) Over 30 members (both large and SME companies)
Member of ASD (AeroSpace and Defence Industries Association of Europe), engaged in manifold commissions and groups of ASD
AAI-Quality Committee maintains the national EN9100/ICOP-scheme Other AAI-Workinggroups: ILS-WG (S1000D) and UAS-WG
Long-standing relations (since the mid-1980s) to the: respective organisations, companies and (research) facilities of the Austrian aeronautics community; public authorities, in particular ministries (MOD, BMVIT, BMWFJ) international aeronautics industry
Austrian Aeronautics Industries Group (AAI)Austrian Aeronautics Industries Group (AAI)
Founded August 2012 – meets quarterly (open for external companies)
Exchange with national authorities (BMVIT, Austrocontrol, MOD) especially for rulemaking and research funding
Cooperation of relevant national companies & research institutionsBridging Non-SME ↔ SME / civil ↔ military / Industry ↔ Research
Networking & representation vis-à-vis international institutions(UVSI-membership since 2013), plus marketing & events if required
About 30 members 1/3 of them full AAI-members (Schiebel, AIT, TU Wien, FH Joanneum) rest of them mostly SMEs (developers) but also research institutions Partner Org. (Austrian Aero-Club, Film and Music Industry Austria)
Legal & regulatory changes in Austria from 1Legal & regulatory changes in Austria from 1stst January 2014 January 2014 Three unmanned classesThree unmanned classes (above „toy limit“ of 79 Joule): (above „toy limit“ of 79 Joule):
Model AircraftModel Aircraft : : „recreational“ – „purpose: only flight itself“ „recreational“ – „purpose: only flight itself“ Commercial: UAV Class 1 (VLOS) – UAV Class 2 (BVLOS)Commercial: UAV Class 1 (VLOS) – UAV Class 2 (BVLOS)
„„Airworthiness and Operational Notice Airworthiness and Operational Notice for Unmanned Aircraft below 150kg“for Unmanned Aircraft below 150kg“
Currently only technical, operational and Currently only technical, operational and personnel requirements for UAV Class 1 personnel requirements for UAV Class 1
(VLOS)(VLOS)
BVLOS (Beyond Visual Line of Sight) still openBVLOS (Beyond Visual Line of Sight) still open
Categorisation of UAS Class 1 (VLOS) by Austrocontrol (LBTH 67)Categorisation of UAS Class 1 (VLOS) by Austrocontrol (LBTH 67)see: see: www.austrocontrol.at/en/aviation_agency/licenses__permissions/flight_permissions/rpaswww.austrocontrol.at/en/aviation_agency/licenses__permissions/flight_permissions/rpas
FourFour categories (A to D), depending on weight and area of operation categories (A to D), depending on weight and area of operation
Light UAS in unpopulated areas face easier rules (certific./operation) Light UAS in unpopulated areas face easier rules (certific./operation) Heavier UAS or UAS flying above populated areas face stricter rulesHeavier UAS or UAS flying above populated areas face stricter rules
UAS Class 1 – Different requirements as per category (A to D)UAS Class 1 – Different requirements as per category (A to D)((For details, click the link on the previous slide or read the AAI fact sheet atFor details, click the link on the previous slide or read the AAI fact sheet at www.aaig.at/uaswww.aaig.at/uas))
Application form Application form (for UAS Class 1 Operations) (for UAS Class 1 Operations) BB and and CC ( (Certification Specifications Certification Specifications Cat. B and C/D)Cat. B and C/D) DD ( (Identification PlateIdentification Plate)) EE ( (Operational RulesOperational Rules)) FF ( (FMEA: FMEA: FFailure ailure MMode & ode & EEffect ffect AAnalysis, nalysis, Cat. B to DCat. B to D)) NN ( (Noise: Noise: limits & measurement)limits & measurement)
Annexes of LBTH 67 (AON 67)Annexes of LBTH 67 (AON 67)
Experiences with Austrocontrol up to now – The FactsExperiences with Austrocontrol up to now – The Facts
More than 110 applications More than 110 applications until 8until 8thth April 2014 April 2014 (A … D)(A … D)
A and B dominated then A and B dominated then because of easier requirementsbecause of easier requirements
C/D C/D Redundancy a problem Redundancy a problem ((FFailure ailure MMode & ode & EEffect ffect AAnalysis)nalysis)
Now (June 2014): Now (June 2014): More than 160 applicationsMore than 160 applicationsTrend towards more C/D-applicationsTrend towards more C/D-applicationsUp to now only about 25 certificationsUp to now only about 25 certifications
„ „Choice between ‚fun killer‘ (‚Spaßbremse‘) and irresponsibleChoice between ‚fun killer‘ (‚Spaßbremse‘) and irresponsible“ “ (Heinz Sommerbauer, CEO Austrocontrol, Press Conference, 14(Heinz Sommerbauer, CEO Austrocontrol, Press Conference, 14 thth May) May)
Experiences up to now – ChallengesExperiences up to now – Challenges Legal Discussions about boundary between „model aircraft“ Legal Discussions about boundary between „model aircraft“ and UAS (Class 1, 2) and UAS (Class 1, 2) especially for especially for camera flights (FPV, …)camera flights (FPV, …)
„ „If certification is too complicated we will If certification is too complicated we will fly illegallyfly illegally“ “ (Statement by photo/film-maker during an event with Austrocontrol)(Statement by photo/film-maker during an event with Austrocontrol)
Current challenges with Austrocontrol: Current challenges with Austrocontrol: Too Too few ressourcesfew ressources & „ & „case-by-case reviewcase-by-case review“ (individually)“ (individually) Content uncertainty Content uncertainty (about future European regulations)(about future European regulations) Structural uncertainty Structural uncertainty (retransfer of Austrocontrol into BMVIT)(retransfer of Austrocontrol into BMVIT) Current handling time of an application: Current handling time of an application: 3 – 4 months3 – 4 months High High costscosts (for an SME) – heavy (for an SME) – heavy operational limitsoperational limits (20´ per day) (20´ per day)
Further legal questions:Further legal questions: Data Protection/Privacy, further Civil Law (landlord permission), Data Protection/Privacy, further Civil Law (landlord permission), Insurance, Regional Laws (Lands), Insurance, Regional Laws (Lands), Radio FrequenciesRadio Frequencies
Civil UAS-certification and operation in Austria legally possible Civil UAS-certification and operation in Austria legally possible from 1from 1stst January 2014 – but many details are „open“ (tech/ops) January 2014 – but many details are „open“ (tech/ops)
„„Uncharted territory“:Uncharted territory“: Stepwise approach Stepwise approach realistic for Austria realistic for Austria Start with VLOS (stepwise) – BVLOS laterStart with VLOS (stepwise) – BVLOS later „„Pioneers“ (first applicants) meet risks and chancesPioneers“ (first applicants) meet risks and chances
Structural challenges: Structural challenges: sufficient ressources at Austrocontrol sufficient ressources at Austrocontrol … … maybe support by AeroClub-expertsmaybe support by AeroClub-experts „„well established process“ (e.g. AMC)well established process“ (e.g. AMC) Future European developments (EASA)Future European developments (EASA)
Legal challenges: Legal challenges: Prosecution of illegal flights Prosecution of illegal flights Legal status of a camera for modelsLegal status of a camera for models First Revision of LBTH 67 (AON 67)First Revision of LBTH 67 (AON 67)