Augmented reality(my ppt)

PAPER PRESENTATION ON

AUGMENTED REALITY

BYA.SRILAKSHMI11321A0498ECE-BBRECW

AGENDA

•What is augmented reality???•Components and technologies used….•How does it work•Applications•Recent innovations•Future innovations•Benefits of AR•Educational Benefits of AR•As per the update on March 8th,2013•Conclusion

WHAT IS AUGMENTED REALITY???

•Augmented reality (AR) is a live, direct or indirect, view of a physical, real-world environment whose elements are augmented by computer-generated sensory input such as sound, video, graphics or GPS data.• It is related to a more general concept called mediated reality, in which a view of reality is modified (possibly even diminished rather than augmented) by a computer. As a result, the technology functions by enhancing one’s current perception of reality . By contrast, virtual reality replaces the real world with a simulated one•With the help of advanced AR technology (e.g. adding computer vision and object recognition) the information about the surrounding real world of the user becomes interactive and digitally manipulable. Artificial information about the environment and its objects can be overlaid on the real world.

COMPONENTS AND TECHNOLOGIES USED…..

HardwareHardware components for augmented reality are: processor, displayon, sensors and input devices. Modern mobile computing devices like smartphonesand tablet computers contain these elements which often include a camera and MEMS sensors such as accelerometer, GPS, and solid state compass, making them suitable AR platformsDisplay Includes optical projection systems, monitors,handheld devices and display systems worn on one’s person.Head-mountedA head-mounted display (HMD) is a display device paired to a headset such as a harness or helmet. HMDs place images of both the physical world and virtual objects over the user's field of view. Modern HMDs often employ sensors for six degrees of freedom monitoring that allow the system to align virtual information to the physical world and adjust accordingly with the user's head movements.[9][10][11] HMDs can provide users immersive, mobile and collaborative AR experiences.EyeglassesVersions include eye wear that employ cameras to intercept the real world view and re-display its augmented view through the eye pieces[13]

 and devices in which the AR imagery is projected through or reflected off the surfaces of the eye wear lens pieces.[14][15][16]

Virtual retinal displayA virtual retinal display (VRD) is a personal display device under development at the University of Washington's Human Interface Technology Laboratory. With this technology, a display is scanned directly onto the retina of a viewer's eye. The viewer sees what appears to be a conventional display floating in space in front of them

EyeTapThe EyeTap (also known as Generation-2 Glass) captures rays of light that would otherwise pass through the center of a lens of an eye of the wearer, and substituted each ray of light for synthetic computer-controlled light. The Generation-4 Glass (Laser EyeTap) is similar to the VRDHandheldHandheld displays employ a small display that fits in a user's hand. All handheld AR solutions to date opt for video see-through. Initially handheld AR employed fiduciary markers, and laterGPS units and MEMS sensors such as digital compasses and six degrees of freedom accelerometer–gyroscope. Today SLAM markerless trackers such as PTAM are starting to come into use.TrackingModern mobile augmented reality systems use one or more of the following tracking technologies: digital cameras and/or other optical sensors, accelerometers, GPS, gyroscopes, solid state compasses, RFID and wireless sensorsInput devicesTechniques include speech recognition systems that translate a user's spoken words into computer instructions and gesture recognition systems that can interpret a user's body movements by visual detection or from sensors embedded in a peripheral device such as a wand, stylus, pointer, glove or other body wearComputerThe computer analyzes the sensed visual and other data to synthesize and position augmentations.Software and algorithmsA key measure of AR systems is how realistically they integrate augmentations with the real world. The software must derive real world coordinates, independent from the camera, from camera images. That process is called image registration which uses different methods of computer vision, mostly related to video tracking. Many computer vision methods of augmented reality are inherited from visual odometry. Usually those methods consist of two parts.First detect interest points, or fiduciary markers, or optical flow in the camera images. First stage can use feature detection methods like corner detection, blob detection, edge detection orthresholding and/or other image processing methods. The second stage restores a real world coordinate system from the data obtained in the first stage.

How Does It Work?The computer software recognizes the AR markers (black squares) that contain certain patterns, measures each side and does some complex calculations to determine the position and rotation of the marker in 3D space. This information allows the computer to render photo-realistic 3D objects over the marker and display the result in both the handheld visor and on a large computer screen. The pattern within the marker dictates which 3D object will be displayed, and can also trigger narration and sound effects. Markers can be a variety of sizes and attached to almost any flat surface, which means they can be used in many interesting and effective ways.

Main classes of applications:

Medical

Manufacturing and repair

Annotation and visualization

Robot path planning

Sports and Entertainment

Military aircraft

Archaeology

Architecture

Art

Commerce

Education

Military

Navigation

Tourism and sightseeing

Translation

There are several miscellaneous applications.

Applications

Augmented view of River Wear in Augmented view of River Wear in Sunderland, Newcastle (U.K.) with Sunderland, Newcastle (U.K.) with

a planned footbridge a planned footbridge

Virtual fetus inside womb of pregnant patient. (Courtesy UNC ChapelHill Dept. of Computer Science.)

Mockup of breast tumor biopsy. 3-D graphics guide needle insertion.(Courtesy UNC Chapel Hill Dept. of Computer Science.)

VR HUDset used in the wire shop VR HUDset used in the wire shop to connect the wires by showing to connect the wires by showing

an image of the circuit and an image of the circuit and information about type of wire to information about type of wire to

be usedbe used(Boeing, US)(Boeing, US)

Virtual lines help display geometry of shuttle bay Virtual lines help display geometry of shuttle bay as seen in orbitas seen in orbit

(U. Toronto, Canada)(U. Toronto, Canada)Engine model part labels appear Engine model part labels appear

as user points at themas user points at them(ECRC)(ECRC)

Virtual lines show planned motion of a robot armVirtual lines show planned motion of a robot arm(U. Toronto, Canada)(U. Toronto, Canada)

Nightvision system in the 2000 Cadillac DeVilleNightvision system in the 2000 Cadillac DeVille(Cadillac.com.)(Cadillac.com.)

Head Up Guidance System (HGS)Head Up Guidance System (HGS)(Flight Dynamics Inc.)(Flight Dynamics Inc.)

Boeing 737 cockpit with Head-up Boeing 737 cockpit with Head-up Display (HUD)Display (HUD)

(Flight Dynamics Inc.)(Flight Dynamics Inc.)

Real-time facial expression recognition Real-time facial expression recognition and animation of the clone’s faceand animation of the clone’s face(MIRALab, University of Geneva)(MIRALab, University of Geneva)

AR can clearly demonstrate:oSpatial concepts

oTemporal concepts

oContextual relationships between both real and virtual objects

These factors make AR a powerful educational tool.

Grabs interest and increases motivation.

Engages kinaesthetic learning:oObject manipulation:

Turning pages.Moving objects.Moving users head.

oFurther interaction:Combining objects.Re-arranging objects.Animating objects.

Can use various learning techniques:oConstructivism.oKnowledge Exploration.oGuided-practice.

EDUCATIONAL BENEFITS OF AR

RECENT INNOVATIONS IN AUGMENTED REALITY: 1. Qualcomm – Sesame Prototype Play set 2. Balance Studios – Rocks in my socks, children story book 3. AR Lab 4. Keytree Ltd – CEO Vision 5. E-axis Inc – Transporter app 6. Interface3 7. iSee – War of the Worlds 8. App Shaker - National Geographic 9. String - Nike Boxpark 10. Pimento Vision – Vodafone Foundation 11. Somo – Audi Le Mans

FUTURE INNOVATIONS IN AUGMENTED REALITY:1 .AR glasses2 .Free and Paid AR apps3 .AR education and trade googles4. Brain wave AR5. Second stage AR headsets and pods

AS PER THE UPDATE ON MARCH 8PDATE ON MARCH 8THTH,2013,2013

•Field Trip is an information assistant that takes local discovery and makes it even better with augmented reality. It runs in the background until you are near something interesting (or something it recognizes) and then notifies you and tells you all about that particular locale with ‘field cards’.•Field Trip also works like a recommendation engine, suggesting the best places you can visit nearby. The app sources all its information from hyper local sites like Thril list, Food Network, Zagat, and Run Riot for the best places to eat and drink; Sunset, Cool Hunting, We Heart, Inhabitat, and Remodelista for the latest unique stores and products; Songkick and Flavor pill for local music; and Atlas Obscura and Daily Secret for yet undiscovered facets of the place you’re visiting.

CONCLUSION AR is a relatively new field (since 1993) and is far behind VR in

maturity. Several vendors sell complete, turnkey VR systems. No commercial vendor currently sells an HMD-based AR system.

First deployed HMD-based AR system will probably be in the application of aircraft manufacturing (Boeing is currently exploring this technology extensively).

A breakthrough is required in real-time HMD tracking in the outdoors at the accuracy required by AR for this technology to move ahead rapidly.

AR has a great future as it promises better navigation and interaction with real and virtual world in ways which has previously been unimaginable.

THANK YOU