AUDITORIAS ENERGETICAS 2015

7/23/2019 AUDITORIAS ENERGETICAS 2015

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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONALDEL CALLAO

FACULTAD DE ING. MECANICA ENERGIAXXXI CURSO DE ACTUALIZACION PROFESIONAL

AUDITORIAS ENERGETICAS

Dr. Ing. JUAN MANUEL PALOMINO CORREA



17/10/15

INTRODUCCION

• En !"#$# $%$rg$n&$# '(%( $) P$r*+ )! '!!',-!- -$ #%,n,#&r( !r($'!%,$n&( 2&,%( -$ )(# r$'r#(# $n$rg3&,'(#+ #(n4!'&(r$# -$&$r%,n!n&$# !r! '(%!&,r )! (r$6!+ -,#%,n,r $),%!'&( !%,$n&!) )(gr!r n %$(r $8,),r,( #(',!). N( $#$9&r!:( !r! )! '(%n,-!- $n g$n$r!)+ 8$ $n )(# r29,%(# !:(#

$) %n-( !4r(n&!r; r$&(# r$)!',(n!-(# '(n $) !!#&$',%,$n&('(n4,!)$ -$ r$'r#(# $n$rg3&,'(# ),%,(#. R$'r#(# n$'$#!r,(#!r! #!&,#4!'$r )!# -$%!n-!# -$ $)$'&r,',-!- -$ '!)(r $n )(#-,4$r$n&$# #$'&(r$# -$ )! $'(n(%"!< In-#&r,!)+ R$#,-$n',!)+C(%$r',!) Tr!n#(r&$. P!r! )(gr!r)( $# n$'$#!r,( ,%)$%$n&!rr('$-,%,$n&(# ,n&$gr!)$# -$ g$#&,2n $n$rg3&,'! ,n&$gr!) $n'(n4(r%,-!- '(n )(# $#&!n-!r$# ,n&$rn!',(n!)$# )! g$n$r!',(n-$ n! ')&r! r(,! -$ #( r!',(n!) -$ )! $n$rg,!.

.



EL EFECTO INVERNADERO• L! r$('!',2n (r $) $4$'&( ,n$rn!-$r( n( $# n$!.

E) r,%$r( $n $9r$#!r)! 4$ $) 4"#,'( Arr$n,# =1>5?@1?7B $n 1>?. E) r$#)&!-( -$ $#&; r,%$r! (#$r!',2n4$ 8$ -),'!n-( )! '(n'$n&r!',2n -$ CO $n )!!&%2#4$r!+ #$ r(-',r"! n '!)$n&!%,$n&( g)(!) %$-,(-$ $n&r$ ! gr!-(# C$)#,#.

• E) (%r$ ! )(gr!-( !gr$g!r >0 % $n #()( 00 !:(#'(n )( 8$ )! '(n'$n&r!',2n -$ CO $# -$ 50 %. E#&(r$r$#$n&! n n,$) n( !)'!n6!-( $n )(# *)&,%(# 10 %,)!:(#. Nn'! -r!n&$ )(# *)&,%(# 10 %,) !:(# )!'(%(#,',2n -$ )! !&%2#4$r! !"! '!%,!-( &!n r;,-(

'(%( $n )(# *)&,%(# 00 !:(#.

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• E) 4&r( !r($'!%,$n&( -$ )!# $n$rg"!# 42#,)$#

r(-',r"! n n$( !%$n&( -$ )! '(n'$n&r!',2n -$) g!#,n$rn!-$r( -,29,-( -$ '!r(n( $n )! !&%2#4$r!. !( $)$#'$n!r,( business as usual+ $# -$',r $) $#'$n!r,( $n$) '!) #$ %!n&,$n$ n '(n#%( $)$!-( -$ '(%#&,)$#42#,)$# )! ()!',2n %n-,!) #,g$ 'r$',$n-( !#&! ))$g!r

$n 0>5 ! 11 00 %,))(n$#+ #$ $#&,%! 8$ !r! 0>5 )!'(n'$n&r!',2n -$ CO #$ -),'!r"! ,n'r$%$n&!n-( )!&$%$r!&r! %$-,! -$) %n-( $n !r(9,%!-!%$n&$ gr!-(#. E#&( #,gn,4,'! n '!%,( -$ 0+ gr!-(# '!-! 10!:(#. .

• P!r! )(gr!r n '!%,( '),%;&,'( -$ #2)( n gr!-( C$)#,#!#&! $) !:( 100+ )!# $%,#,(n$# -$ -,29,-( -$ '!r(n(-$$r"!n r$-',r#$ ! )! %,&!- !#&! $) !:( 050.



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• E) URE =#( r!',(n!) -$ )! $n$rg,!B ,%),'! n!!)(r!',2n -$ )! $n$rg"! '(%( r$'r#( r(-'&,(+ n!g$n$r!',2n -$ n! ')&r! -$) !(rr( -$ $n$rg"!+ n!,%)$%$n&!',2n -$ !'',(n$# !r! %$(r!r )! $4,',$n',!

$n$rg3&,'! -$ )(# $8,(# '(n#%,-(r$# -$ r$'r#(#$n$rg3&,'(#+ !#" '(%( &!%,3n+ $) -,#$:( -$ $#&r!&$g,!#-$ ##&,&',2n -$ $n$rg3&,'(#+ '(n#,-$r!n-( 8$ )(#r$'r#(# $n$rg3&,'(# &,),6!-(# $n $) %n-( '(n %!(r

4r$'$n',! #(n !8$))(# 8$ #(n !g(&!)$#.

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• E) '(n'$&( -$ $4,',$n',! #$ r$)!',(n! '(n $) $'( 8$ $)r('$#( -$ &r!n#4(r%!',2n -$ )! $n$rg"! ,%),'! 3r-,-!# -$$n$rg"! 8$ $-$n #$r -$#$'(# ,rr$'$r!)$# g$n$r!-(r$#-$ ,n$4,',$n',!#. E) '(n'$&( -$ $4,',$n',! $#&! !#(',!-( '(n

)(# -,4$r$n&$# $8,(# ( &,( -$ &$'n()(g"! &,),6!-!# !r!))$!r ! '!( )( -,4$r$n&$# r('$#(# -$ &r!n#4(r%!',2n. L(#r(gr!%!# -$ #( r!',(n!) -$ $n$rg"! r((n$n !'',(n$#&$n-,$n&$# ! %$(r!r )! ($r!',2n -$ $8,(# &$'n()(g"!#+ -$&!) %!n$r! 8$ )!# 3r-,-!# -$ $n$rg"!

#$ r$-6'!n )( %;9,%( (#,)$..

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• L!# $#&r!&$g,!# -$ ##&,&',2n -$ $n$rg3&,'(# #$ !#!n$n 8$ $# (#,)$ (&$n$r n! %,#%! '!n&,-!- -$$n$rg"! &3r%,'! ( $)3'&r,'! ! !r&,r -$ -,4$r$n&$#r$'r#(# $n$rg3&,'(# $r( -$$n-,$n-( -$) #(+ $) '(#&(

&,( -$ &$'n()(g"! !r; n r$'r#( 8$ (4r$'$ %;#$n$4,',(# 8$ (&r(.

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EL CONCEPTO DE SUSTENTAILIDAD DE RECURSOSENERGETICOS

P!r&$ -$ )! $n$rg"! 8$ $) (%r$ ! !'%)!-( !) !),%$n&!r#$ -$ )!n&!# !n,%!)$#8$-! !'%)!-! $ )! &,$rr! $n gr!n !r&$ $n (r!# $ ,n4r!$#&r'&r!.D$ &(-! )! $n$rg"! 8$ ))$g! -$) #()+ !r&$ #$ !'%)! $n )! &,$rr! !r&$ #$-,#$r#!.L! $n$rg"! #$ !'%)! -$ %'!# 4(r%!#+ $n !),%$n&( !r! $) (%r$ )(#!n,%!)$#+ $n ,(%!#!+ $n !%$n&( -$ )! $n$rg"! (&$n',!) -$) !g!.

L! ##&$n&!,),-!- -$ r$'r#(# $n$rg3&,'(# -$$r"! 4n-!r#$ $n '!&r( r,n',,(#.<

En'(n&r!r )!# ,n$r#,(n$# n$'$#!r,!# 8$ g!r!n&,'$n )! ##&,&',2n ( r$n(!',2n (rn! 4(r%! -$ $n$rg"! r$n(!)$ =Er$B.

• E#&!)$'$r n(# 'r,&$r,(# !r! )! r(&$'',2n -$) '!,&!) n!&r!) 'r"&,'(.

•E#&!)$'$r n(# 'r,&$r,(# !r! g!r!n&,6!r $) !g( -$ )(# #$r,',(# !%,$n&!)$# -$)!,r$+ &!)$# '(%( )! '(n&!%,n!',2n -$) !,r$ '!#!-! (r )!# $%,#,(n$# -$ g!#'(n&!%,n!n&$+ -$) #$)( -$ )!# !g!# '!#!-!# (r )(# -$#$'(# )"8,-(# #2),-(#.

• E#&!)$'$r )!# r$&r,',(n$# (r ,%!'&(# '!#!-(# (r )! $9)(&!',2n -$) r$'r#(#(r$ )! $'(n(%"! )!# '(n-,',(n$# -$ ,-! )('!)$#.

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L(# #$r$# %!n(# $%(# -$%(#&r!-( #$r )(# r,n',!)$#'!#!n&$# -$ )(# !'&!)$# r()$%!# !%,$n&!)$#. A#" (r $$%)(+

$n )(# *)&,%(# !:(#+ $%(# %(,-( %;# &,$rr! 8$ !8$))!&r!n#(r&!-! (r '!#!# n!&r!)$# '(%( $r',(n$# ()';n,'!# ($r(#,(n$#. Un! r$!),-!- $# 8$ $) '(n#%( -$ r$'r#(# #&r!n#(r&$ #,g$n 'r$',$n-( %(%$n&( ! %(%$n&(.S$g*n HS'%,-&@)$$+ 1??+ )!# .000 %,))(n$# -$ &(n$)!-!# -$

'!r2n 8$ 8$%!%(# '!-! !:( &,$n$n n! %(',)! $'()2g,'! -$15.000 %,))(n$# -$ &(n$)!-!# -$ !g! $#'(%r(#. A $))( #$#%!n )!# 10.000 &(n$)!-!# -$ $%,#,(n$# -$ -,29,-( -$ '!r(n(g$n$r!-(# (r )! '(%#&,2n. E) '(n'$&( -$ %(',)! $'()2g,'!+'r$!-( (r S'%,-&@)$$ HS'%,-&@)$$+ 1??+ r$r$#$n&! )!,n&$n#,-!- -$ '(n#%( -$ %!&$r,!)$# (r n,-!- -$ r(-'&( (#$r,',( -r!n&$ &(-( $) ',')( -$ ,-!.



ENERGIA Y AMBIENTE

• En $) !:( 1??? E) M,n,#&$r,( -$ En$rg"! M,n!# )!C!r) D,#$rg G$#$))#'!4& $ V. =CDGB ))$!r(n $)Pr($'&( KU#( R!',(n!) -$ )! En$rg"! '(n $) !(( -$)M,n,#&$r,( F$-$r!) -$ C(($r!',2n E'(n2%,'! D$#!rr())( -$ A)$%!n,!+ -,r,g,-( &!n&( ! '(n#)&(r$#

(r,$n&!-(# ! !#$#(r!r ,n-#&r,!# '(n )! ,n&$n',2n -$!%),!r ## '(n(',%,$n&(# $n $) ;%,&( -$ )! '(n#)&(r"!$n$rg3&,'!+ '(%( ! )(# $4$# -$ )!n&! %!n&$n,%,$n&(-$ )!# $%r$#!# ,n-#&r,!)$# 8$ $#&3n $n n r('$#(-$ *#8$-! $ ,%)$%$n&!',2n -$ '(n'$&(# -$ %$(r!

-$ )! #,&!',2n $n$rg3&,'! -$n&r( -$ ## $%r$#!#.



PROBLEMAS MUNDIALES UOBSTACULOS PARA EL DESARROLLO

SOSTENIBLE E INTERRELACIONADOS• las escandalosas die!encias econ"#icas en$!e las

!e%iones del #undo&

• la 'ol($ica de a!#a#en$o ) las %ue!!as&• los '!oble#as a#bien$ales *eec$o in+e!nade!o, la

con$a#inaci"n de a%uas dulces, la e!osi"n de la $ie!!a-&

• el c!eci#ien$o de#o%!ico ) la escase/ de los ali#en$os&

• la c!ecien$e de#anda de ene!%(a ) de !ecu!sos&



BIOSFERA Y TECNOSFERA

• E# % ('( )( 8$ )! ',$n',! #!$ ( -$) #,#&$%!T,$rr! ## ##,#&$%!# ,(#4$r! &$'n2#4$r!. L!&$'n2#4$r! '(%r$n-$ )!# !'&,,-!-$# -$ $9)(&!',2n '(n#%( -$ r$'r#(# n!&r!)$#+ !,r$ !g!#+ !#" '(%( -$&r!n#4(r%!',2n '(n#%( -$ $n$rg"!. E#&!# !'&,,-!-$#

## &$'n()(g"!# $#&;n (r,$n&!-!# ! !)'!n6!r $) ))!%!-(,$n$#&!r. $# $) '(nn&( -$ )(# %$-,(# !r&,4,',!)$# 8$#((r&!n $) -$#!rr())( -$ )! #(',$-!- %!n! 8$$()',(n! !',! n! !n!)(g"! -$ )! ,(#4$r! '(n )! 8$,n&$r!'&*!. L(# #$r$# %!n(# !'&*!n #(r$ $) !%,$n&$!r! #!&,#4!'$r -,#&,n&(# &,(# -$ n$'$#,-!-$# 'r$!r (4!r,'!r !,#!$# !gr!r,(#+ ,n-#&r,!)$#+ ,!)$#+ r!n(#.



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• L! ,(#4$r! $# $) (&r( ##,#&$%! 8$ ,n')$ $)$#!',( $n $) 8$ #$ $n'$n&r! )! 4)(r! 4!n!!#" '(%( ## ,n&$rr$)!',(n$# $n n r('$#('(n&,n( -$ $()',2n. L! ,2#4$r! $# $) #,#&$%!8$ !!r'! ! &(-(# )(# #$r$# ,,$n&$# -$n$#&r( )!n$&! ! # ;,&!& $# -$',r+ $) )g!r-(n-$ #$ -$#!rr())! # ',')( ,&!)< $) !,r$+ $) !g! $) #$)( -(n-$ -$#-$ )(# (rg!n,#%(# %;#-,%,n&(# !#&! )!# ,%(n$n&$# $#$',$# -$)!n&!# !n,%!)$#+ !n $n'(n&r!-( $) ##&$n&(!r! #(r$,,r.



0Cules son las '!inci'ales consecuencias del ca#bio cli#$ico1

• E9,#&$n -,$r#!# (,n,(n$# -$ ',$n&"4,'(# $ ,n$#&,g!-(r$# #(r$ )(#• (#,)$# ,%!'&(#+ $r( $n g$n$r!) !'$r-!n 8$ $) ,n'r$%$n&( -$

)! &$%$r!&r! $#&; r(-',$n-( r(-',r;+ $n&r$ (&r(#<• 1. C!%,(# $n )(# !&r(n$# -$ r$',,&!',2n %$-!- -$) #$)(<

,nn-!',(n$# #$8"!#

• . A%$n&( -$) n,$) %$-,( -$) %!r• . F!)&! -$ !g! (&!)$ $n 6(n!# -(n-$ ! $# n r$'r#( $#'!#(+

'(%( $n 4r,'!+ M$-,( Or,$n&$ '$n&r( -$ A#,!• . D$#,$)( -$ g)!',!r$#• 5. In'r$%$n&( -$ )! 4r$'$n',! -$ 4$n2%$n(# $9&r$%(# '(%( )!#

&(r%$n&!# &r(,'!)$#• . P3r-,-! -$ ,(-,$r#,-!-.



UN ESCENARIO ENERGETICOSOSTENIBLE

• Un $#'$n!r,( !r! n 4&r( #,#&$%! %n-,!) $n$rg3&,'(#(#&$n,)$ ,n$#&,g!-( (r $#$',!),#&!#+ r((n$ 8$!r! r$-',r )!# $%,#,(n$# -$ -,29,-( -$ '!r(n( ! )!%,&!- !#&! $) !:( 050+ $) '!%,( -$ &$%$r!&r! -$$

!)'!n6!r n gr!-( C$)#,# '(%( %;9,%( !#&! $) !:(100.

• Un #,#&$%! $n$rg3&,'( #(#&$n,)$ -$) 4&r( -$$r;!#!r#$ #(r$ &r$# ,)!r$#< r,%$r!%$n&$ $n n #(,n&$n#,( -$ $n$rg"!# r$n(!)$# $n #$gn-( )g!r+ $nn !r($'!%,$n&( $4,',$n&$ -$ )(# r$'r#(#-,#(n,)$# $n &$r'$r )g!r+ $n n! -$',#,2n '(n#',$n&$#(r$ )(# )"%,&$# -$) '(n#%( -$ -,'(# r$'r#(#



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MEDIDAS 2ACIA UN SISTEMAENERGETICO SOSTENIBLE.

• @ A '(n&,n!',2n !)gn!# r($#&!# '(n'r$&!# -$ !'',(n$#r$g)!-(r!# !r! !'',(n$# )$g,#)!&,!#<@ A$r&r! -$) %$r'!-( $n$rg3&,'( r$g)!n-( $) !''$#( ! )!r$- ! $8$:!# '$n&r!)$#

@ E9,#&$n',! -$ n! &!r,4! g!r!n&,6!-! !r! )(# r($$-(r$#-$ $)$'&r,',-!- ! !r&,r -$ $8$:!# '$n&r!)$# -$ $n$rg"!#r$n(!)$#@ O),g!&(r,$-!- -$ r(-',r n! !r&$ -$ )! $n$rg"! ! !r&,r-$ 4$n&$# r$n(!)$# =n(n 4(##,) 4$) (),g!&,(nB

@ In&r(-'',2n -$ $n&!!# ,%(#,&,!# !r! ,n$r#,(n$# $nr($'&(# -$ #( r!',(n!) -$ $n$rg"! -$ $n$rg"!#

r$n(!)$#



@ R$4(r%!# 4,#'!)$# (r,$n&!-!# ! !(!r $) #( -$ $n$rg"!#r$n(!)$# -$#)!6!r )! $n$rg"! ! !r&,r -$

'(%#&,)$# 42#,)$#

@ F(r%!',2n -$ ,ng$n,$r(# &3'n,'(# $n $) ;r$! -$ !n;),#,#+'(n#)&(r"! !-,&(r,!# $n$rg3&,'!#C)!r!%$n&$ '!-! $%r$#! $-$ '(%$n6!r (r #" %,#%! !#!r r!',(n!)%$n&$ )! $n$rg"! ! ,n&r(-',r $n$rg"!#r$n(!)$#. L( %;# ,%(r&!n&$+ (r #(r$&(-(+ $# '(%$n6!r !(r!.



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ESTANDARES AMIENTALES• 3.4 Es$nda! de Calidad A#bien$al *ECA- ) L(#i$es M5i#os Pe!#isibles *LMP-

E) E#&;n-!r -$ C!),-!- A%,$n&!) =ECAB $) L"%,&$ M;9,%( P$r%,#,)$ =LMPB #(n ,n#&r%$n&(#-$ g$#&,2n !%,$n&!) 8$ '(n#,#&$n $n !r;%$&r(# (),g!',(n$# 8$ #'!n r$g)!r r(&$g$r)! #!)- *),'! )! '!),-!- !%,$n&!) $n 8$ ,,%(#+ $r%,&,3n-()$ ! )! !&(r,-!- !%,$n&!)-$#!rr())!r !'',(n$# -$ '(n&r()+ #$g,%,$n&( 4,#'!),6!',2n -$ )(# $4$'&(# '!#!-(# (r )!#!'&,,-!-$# %!n!#.

• L(# ECA #(n ,n-,'!-(r$# -$ '!),-!- !%,$n&!)+ %,-$n )! '(n'$n&r!',2n -$ $)$%$n&(#+##&!n',!#+ !r;%$&r(# 4"#,'(#+ 8"%,'(# ,()2g,'(#+ r$#$n&$# $n $) !,r$+ !g! ( #$)(+ $r(8$ n( r$r$#$n&!n r,$#g( #,gn,4,'!&,( !r! )! #!)- -$ )!# $r#(n!# n, !) !%,$n&$.

L(# LMP %,-$n )! '(n'$n&r!',2n -$ $)$%$n&(#+ ##&!n',!#+ !r;%$&r(# 4"#,'(#+ 8"%,'(# ,()2g,'(#+ r$#$n&$# $n )!# $%,#,(n$#+ $4)$n&$# ( -$#'!rg!# g$n$r!-!# (r n! !'&,,-!-r(-'&,! =%,n$r"!+ ,-r('!rr(#+ $)$'&r,',-!-+ $&'.B+ 8$ !) $9'$-$r '!#! -!:(# ! )! #!)-+ !),$n$#&!r %!n( !) !%,$n&$.

Un! -$ )!# -,4$r$n',!# $# 8$ )! %$-,',2n -$ n ECA #$ r$!),6! -,r$'&!%$n&$ $n )(# '$r(#r$'$&(r$#+ %,$n&r!# 8$ $n n LMP #$ -! $n )(# n&(# -$ $%,#,2n $r&,%,$n&(. S,n $%!rg(+!%(# ,n#&r%$n&(# #(n ,n-,'!-(r$# 8$ $r%,&$n ! &r!3# -$) !n;),#,# -$ ## r$#)&!-(#+$#&!)$'$r ()"&,'!# !%,$n&!)$# =ECAB '(rr$'',(n$# $) !'',(n!r -$ !)gn! !'&,,-!- $#$'"4,'!=LMPB.



• ISO 67773 r$r$#$n&! )( *)&,%( $n '!n&( ! %$(r$# r;'&,'!# ,n&$rn!',(n!)$# $n g$#&,2n-$ )! $n$rg"!+ !#;n-(#$ $n )!# n(r%!# n!',(n!)$# r$g,(n!)$# $9,#&$n&$#+ !#" '(%( $n,n,',!&,!#. L! n(r%! ! $#&!-( $n -$#!rr())( -r!n&$ !r,(# !:(# -$ )! %!n( -$ $9$r&(#

$n g$#&,2n -$ )! $n$rg"! r$r$#$n&! ! %;# -$ 0 !"#$# -$ &(-( $) %n-( 8$ #$ n$n!r! $#&!)$'$r n %!r'( '(%*n.

• ISO 67773 )$ !-!r; ! ,%)$%$n&!r )(# r('$#(# n$'$#!r,(# !r! $n&$n-$r # #( -$ )!$n$rg"!+ (n$r $n %!r'! )!n$#+ ($&,(# $ ,n-,'!-(r$# -$ $4,',$n',! $n$rg3&,'!. T(-($))( !r! r$-',r $) '(n#%( $ ,-$n&,4,'!r r,(r,6!r )!# ((r&n,-!-$#+ !r! %$(r!r $) #( $) r$n-,%,$n&( -$ )! $n$rg"!.

! ',$n&(# -$ $%r$#!# #$ !n $n$4,',!-( -$ )!# n(r%!#+ ),'!',(n$#+ 4(r%!',2n+#(4&!r$ -$ )! '$r&,4,'!',2n.

• QP!r! 8,3n $# r$)$!n&$ )! ISO 50001

• ISO 50001 $# !-$'!-! !r! '!)8,$r (rg!n,6!',2n @ #$! '!) #$! # &!%!:(+ #$'&(r (

,'!',2n g$(gr;4,'!. E# -$ !r&,')!r r$)$!n',! #, &r!!! $n n! ,n-#&r,! '(n '(n#%(,n&$n#,( $n $n$rg"! ( 4r$n&$ ! n! r$g)!',2n -$ $%,#,(n$# -$ GEI (&r! )$g,#)&!&,(n.

L! '$r&,4,'!',2n ISO 50001 -$ SI '(%( &$r'$r! !r&$ ,n-$$n-,$n&$ $# )! g!r!n&"!-$4,n,&,! !r! ## !r&$# ,n&$r$#!-!# $ ,n$r#(r$# -$ # (rg!n,6!',2n !#$gr! 8$'%)$ '(n )!# %$(r$# r;'&,'!# $n g$#&,2n -$ )! $n$rg"!.

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17/10/15

C(n')#,2n

• E) P$r* n( $# n ,%(r&!n&$ !"# r(-'&(r -$ $&r2)$( -$ A%3r,'! -$) Sr.

• E) g!# n!&r!) -$ C!%,#$! )$ $-$ r($$r n ,%(r&!n&$gr!-( -$ ,n-$$n-$n',! -$) $&r2)$( '!r( $ ,%(r&!-(.

• L!# r$#$r!# -$ g!# $-$n !%$n&!r ##&!n&,!%$n&$+$r( )!# '(n-,',(n$# -$ r$',(# r$g!)"!# #$r;n -,#&,n&!#.

• Dr!n&$ )! '!%!:! $)$'&(r!) -$) 00 #$ )!n&$2 n,%$#&( ! )!# #(r$g!n!n',!# %,n$r!# -$ ,-r('!rr(#.

P$r(+ ! $n $) g(,$rn(+ $#( 4$ -$#$#&,%!-(.• L(# )!n$# -$ ,n&$gr!',2n $n$rg3&,'! r$g,(n!) #$r;n$#&(# $n %!r'! (r $) #$'&(r r,!-(.

• P$&r($r* (-r"! g!r n r() ,%(r&!n&$+ #, #$ '(n'r$&! )!!),!n6! $#&r!&3g,'! '(n P$&r(r!#.



UNI8ERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAOFACULTAD DE ING. MECANICA ENERGIA

• AUDITORIA ENERGETICAS EN SISTEMAS DE

8APOR• POLITICA DE CAMBIO CLIMATICO

• D!. ING. 9UAN PALOMINO CORREA



POLITICA INTERNACIONAL DE CAMBIOCLIMATICO

• En $) !:( 1?? #$ !-(&2 )! C(n$n',2nM!r'( -$ )!# N!',(n$# Un,-!# #(r$ $)C!%,( C),%;&,'( '(n $) ($&,( -$ -$)(gr!r )! $#&!,),6!',2n -$ )!#'(n'$n&r!',(n$# -$ g!#$# -$ $4$'&(,n$rn!-$r( $n )! !&%2#4$r! ! n n,$)

8$ ,%,-! ,n&$r4$r$n',!# !n&r(2g$n!#$),gr(#!# $n $) #,#&$%! '),%;&,'(.



PROTOCOLO DE OTO

• COMPROMISO< REDUCIR SUS GASES DE EFECTOINVERNADERO EN UN PROMEDIO DE 5+ EN EL PERIODODEL 00> AL 01 EN RELACION A LOS NIVELES DE 1??0

• ASPECTOS IMPORTANTES CONTENIDOS

LIMITACION DE EMISIONES COMPROMISOS DE REDUCCION+ TRANSFERENCIA

COMERCIO DE UNIDADES DE REDUCCION DE EMISIONES

MECANISMO DE DESARROLLO LIMPIO

LISTA DE GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO

CATEGORIAS DE EFECTO INVERNADERO METAS DE LIMITACION A LAS EMISIONES O

REDUCCIONES



GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADEROCONSIDERADOS EN EL PROTOCOLO

• DIOXIDO DE CARONO =COB

• METANO =CB

• OXIDO NITROSO =NOB• EXAFLUORURO DE AZUFRE =SFB

• PERFLUOROCARONOS =PFCB

• IDROFLUOROCARONO =FCB



En r$)!',2n ! )(# #%,-$r(# -$ g!#$# -$ $4$'&(

,n$rn!-$r( • A'&,,-!-$# r$)!',(n!-!# ! )! 4(r$#&!',2n

r$4(r$#&!',2n+ 8$ $n r,n',,( '(n&r,$n! !#(r$r COA+ $) r,n',!) g!# -$ $4$'&(

,n$rn!-$r(. E#&!# !'&,,-!-$# #(n-$n(%,n!-!# #%,-$r(#K.



En r$)!',2n !) ,nn(!-(r C(n'$&( )$ '(%(

P!r&$ -$) Pr(&('()( • Un )(gr( ,%(r&!n&$ -$ )! C(%n,-!-

Er($! 4$ )! ,n&r(-'',2n -$) C(n'$&()$ . !( $#&$ !'$r-( #$ $r%,&$ !

)!# !r&$# -$) An$9( I !gr!r#$ =#,n,%(r&!r n$'$#!r,!%$n&$ )! ,'!',2ng$(gr;4,'!B ! 4,n -$ '(nn&!%$n&$

'%),r )!# %$&!# -$ r$-'',2n -$$%,#,(n$#.



INSTRUMENTOS ECONOMICOS DELPROTOCOLO

• IMPLEMENTACION CONJUNTA =ICB

• COMERCIO DE DERECOS DEEMISIONES =CDEB

• MECANISMO PARA UN DESARROLLOLIMPIO =MDLB



INTENSIDAD DEL CONSUMO DE ENERGÍA A NIVEL

MUNDIAL Y REGIONAL

• E) ,n-,'!-(r ,n&$n#,-!- -$ '(n#%( -$ $n$rg"!$# n !)(r 8$ -; %;# ,n4(r%!',2n !'$

r$4$r$n',! !) '(n#%( -$ $n$rg"! $n r$)!',2n !)r$n-,%,$n&( $'(n2%,'( ( g$n$r!',2n -$ r,8$6!-$) !"# ( r$g,2n.

• E# -$',r $) '(n#%( -$ $n$rg"! $n #" n( $# *&,)

'(%( ,n-,'!-(r -$) #( !-$'!-( -$ )! $n$rg"!$n )!# -,4$r$n&$# r$g,(n$# -$) %n-(.



• La in$ensidad ene!%:$ica es un indicado! de la eiciencia

ene!%:$ica de una econo#(a. Se calcula co#o la !elaci"nen$!e elconsu#o ene!%:$ico *E- ) el '!oduc$o in$e!io! b!u$o *PIB- de un 'a(s;

• #$ ,n&$rr$&! '(%( #$ n$'$#,&!n 9 n,-!-$# -$ $n$rg"! !r!r(-',r 1 n,-!- -$ r,8$6!. A#"+ In&$n#,-!- $n$rg3&,'! $)$!-!<,n-,'! n '(#&$ !)&( $n )! '(n$r#,2n -$ $n$rg"! $n r,8$6! =#$&r!&! -$ n! $'(n(%"! $n$rg3&,'!%$n&$ (r!6B. S$ '(n#%$

%'! $n$rg,! (&$n,$n-( n PI !(.• In&$n#,-!- $n$rg3&,'! !!< ,n-,'! n '(#&$ !(. S$ '(n#%$('! $n$rg"!+ (&$n,$n-( n PI !)&(.

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indicador

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eficiencia

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumo_energ%C3%A9tico

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Producto_interior_bruto

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Producto_interior_bruto

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumo_energ%C3%A9tico

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eficiencia

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indicador



Ra/ones 'o! las <ue se debe au#en$a! laEiciencia Ene!%:$ica

F$r&$ !)6! -$ )! En$rg"!. C!)8,$r !(rr( $#,%(r&!n&$.

C(%),'!',(n$# -$ !!#&$',%,$n&( -$) g!# n!&r!).

L(gr!r $'(n(%"!# %!(r '(%$&,&,,-!- -$ )! ,n-#&r,! -$) !"#.

C()!(r!r '(n )! ##&$n&!,),-!- -$ )(# #,#&$%!#$'(n2%,'(# $'()2g,'(#

P(r8$ n!-! #$ -$$ -$#!r($'!r.



. E$a'as de un Plan de A=o!!o de Ene!%(a

3. AUDITOR>A ENERG?TICA;

In')$ )! ,-$n&,4,'!',2n E!)!',2n -$ )!# E'(n(%"!# (#,)$# -$ (&$n$r ,n')$n-( 4!'&,,),-!- -$ '!%,(# $n $) A!#&$',%,$n&( En$rg3&,'(.

@. PROGRAMA DE TRABA9O ; C(n#,#&$ $n )! -$4,n,',2n -$ r,(r,-!-$# $n )! )!n,4,'!',2n -$ )!# r$!),6!',2n -$ )!# -,$r#!# $'(n(%"!# '(n $!)!',2n $'(n2%,'! (#,&,! -,)g!',2n

-$) )!n ! )(# $$'&,(# -$ )! $%r$#! ! &(-(# )(# n,$)$#.. MATERIALIACIN DE CADA ECONOM>A.

.1. Pr($'&(# ,n-,,-!)$#... P$&,',2n -$ Pr($#&!# #$)$'',2n -$ r($$-(r$# /( '(n&r!&,#&!#

.. C(n#&r'',2n %(n&!$ .. S$r,#,2n -$ )! (r! $#&! $n %!r'!

.5. C(%r(!',2n -$ )!# $'(n(%"!# (&$n,-!#.

. CREACIN DE UN SISTEMA DE CONTROL DE RESULTADOS. .1. D$4,n,',2n '(n&r() -$ ',4r!# $ "n-,'$# -$ $4,',$n',! $n$rg3&,'!.



UNI8ERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAOFACULTAD DE ING.MECANICA ENERGIA

• AUDITORIAS ENERGETICAS EN SISTEMAS DE8APOR

• BARRERAS EN LA IMPLEMENTACION DE MEDIDASDE USO RACIONAL DE ENERGIA

• D!. In%. 9UAN M. PALOMINO CORREA



En )! %!(r"! -$ )(# !"#$# -$#!rr())!-(# )! $4,',$n',! $n$rg3&,'! ('! n)g!r ,%(r&!n&$ $n )! !g$n-! ()"&,'!. L! ,%(r&!n',! -$ )! ()"&,'! -$ #($4,',$n&$ -$ )! $n$rg"! '(%( ($&,( ()"&,'(+ #$ (r,g,n! $n # ,n')!',2n'(n )! '(%$&,&,,-!- ,n-#&r,!) '(%$r',!)+ $) '(#&( -$ ,-! -$ )!()!',2n+ )(# $n$4,',(# -$r,!-(# -$ )! #$gr,-!- -$ !!#&$',%,$n&($n$rg3&,'( 'r$',$n&$%$n&$ '(n $) ($&,( -$ r$-'',2n -$ $%,#,(n$# -$g!#$# -$ $4$'&( ,n$rn!-$r( =GEIB.En $4$'&(+ &,),6!r )(# r$'r#(# $n$rg3&,'(# -$ 4(r%! %;# $4,',$n&$ #,gn,4,'!n %$n(r '(#&( -$ )! $n$rg"! '(%( 4!'&(r r(-'&,(+ $n '(n#$'$n',!n! %$(r! -$ '(%$&,&,,-!- -$ )!# $%r$#!#. A#,%,#%(+ n #( $4,',$n&$-$ )! $n$rg"! (r !r&$ -$ )(# (g!r$# ,%),'! )! r$-'',2n -$) g!#&($n$rg3&,'( $n $) r$#$#&( 4!%,),!r+ 4!(r$',$n-( ! )(# (g!r$# %;#(r$#+ -(n-$ $) $#( -$ )! $n$rg"! $n $) g!#&( 4!%,),!r $# %!(r.



USO RACIONAL DE ENERGIA

• UNA SOLUCION EFICAZ PARA LA DISMINUCION DELEFECTO INVERNADERO ES EL USO EFICIENTE DE LAENERGIA.

• LA ESTRATEGIA PARA UN AORRO DE ENERGIA ESPRINCIPALMENTE IMPORTANTE EN LOS SECTORES

INDUSTRIALES SERVICIOS WUE MUESTRAN UNCONSUMO INTENSIVO DE ENERGIA

• LOS CALCULOS PARA ESTIMAR LOS POTENCIALES DEL AORRO TIENEN EN CUENTA MEDIDAS TECNICAS PARA AUMENTAR LA EFICIENCIA



ETAPAS DE UN PROECTO DE USO RACIONALDE ENERGIA =UREB

En '!-! r($'&( URE #$ $-$n -,#&,ng,r -,4$r$n&$# $&!!#&!)$# '(%(<

• I-$! M(&,!',2n

• Pr$!-,&(r,! r$#$)$'',2n

• A-,&(r,! -$&!))!-! =';)')(# &3'n,'(# -$ r$n&!,),-!-B• Pr($#&!# !r! %$-,-!# -$ %$(r!%,$n&(

• D$',#,2n -$) '(n&$n,-( -$) r($'&( URE • P)!n,4,'!',2n $ ,%)$%$n&!',2n -$) r($'&(

• M(n,&(r$( $!)!',2n -$ )(# !)'!n'$# -$) r($'&(



ARRERAS EN LA IMPLEMENTACION DEMEDIDAS

P(r '!-! $&!! $9,#&$n !rr$r!# 8$ '(n4r$'$n',! (#&!'),6!n )! ,%)$%$n&!',2n-$ r(gr!%!# URE $#&!# #(n<

• !rr$r!# -$ Org!n,6!',2n $ In4(r%!',2n• !rr$r!# T$'n()2g,'!#

•!rr$r!# F,n!n',$r!#• !rr$r!# E#&r'&r!)$#



ARRERAS DE ORGANIZACIN EINFORMACION

• Cuando los $!abaado!es de una e#'!esa no saben si el consu#o delas 'lan$as es al$o o bao 'o!<ue no cuen$an con da$os bsicos 'a!auna eec$i+a co#'a!aci"n. Po! ello no e5is$e una !eco#endaci"n 'o!'a!$e de los $:cnicos a la di!ecci"n ace!ca de la #eo!a de eicienciade la 'lan$as.

• Cuando los !es'onsables en la Fi!#a #an$ienen cie!$o !ec=a/o =aciael a'!o+ec=a#ien$o de $ecnolo%(as #s eicien$es o de ene!%(as!eno+ables a causa de un desconoci#ien$o.

• Cuando a causa de es$!uc$u!as in$e!nas de la Fi!#a, a<uellos <uedeciden ace!ca de las in+e!siones no $ienen una idea del con$e5$o

$:cnico ) los 'o$enciales de #eo!a <ue !esul$a!(an a $!a+:s de una'!o+ec=a#ien$o de $ecnolo%(as #s eicien$es o de ene!%(as

!eno+ables.



ARRERAS TECNOLOGICAS

• P. e. cuando los '!o)ec$is$as sob!ees$i#an la de#anda deilu#inaci"n desde la ase de 'laniicaci"n, lo <ue '!o+oca unainu$ili/aci"n ) desa!$iculaci"n de conce'$os e5is$en$es 'a!a unailu#inaci"n eicien$e.

• P.e. cuando el $i'o de cons$!ucci"n del ediicio ) las ins$alacioneses $al <ue i#'osibili$a el ca#bio de conce'$o ene!%:$ico =acia o$!o$i'o de sis$e#a <ue inclu)e un a'!o+ec=a#ien$o de $ecnolo%(as

#s eicien$es o de ene!%(as !eno+ables.



ARRERAS FINANCIERAS

• Cuando la di!ecci"n de la e#'!esa es$ablece'e!iodos de !e$o!no de la in+e!si"n *'a)bacs-#u) co!$os lo <ue diicul$a la i#'le#en$aci"n de#edidas adecuadas 'e!o con !e$o!no de la

in+e!si"n a #ediano ) la!%o 'la/o.• Cuando la Fi!#a no cuen$a con un ca'i$al )o

uen$es c!edi$icias a dis'osici"n

ARRERAS



ARRERASESTRUCTURALES

• Cuando la e#'!esa $iene un 'e!il de%es$i"n 'oco inno+ado!a ) 'o! lo $an$oes !enuen$e a nue+as #edidas e

in+e!siones !elacionadas a ca#bios enla '!oducci"n.

COMO VENCER LAS



COMO VENCER LASARRERAS

• Pa!a au#en$a! el :5i$o de '!o)ec$os del uso !acional de la ene!%(ase !eco#ienda =ace! un anlisis de i#'edi#en$os ) '!oble#as'o! un lado, ) '!o'one!, 'o! o$!o lado soluciones, =e!!a#ien$as oconside!aciones en la consul$o!(a.

• Los i#'edi#en$os en el caso de dis'onibilidad de ino!#aci"n, se

'ueden eli#ina! de la #ane!a #s cil usando ino!#aciones )ee#'los de e#'!esas del #is#o sec$o! ) #eo! aHn de laco#'e$encia a #ane!a de co#'!obaci"n de lo ace!$ado de las#edidas i#'le#en$adas 'o! la i!#a.



CONCLUSION

• C(n')$n-(+ -(# '(n-,',(n$# !r! n! '(n#)&(r"!$n$rg3&,'! $9,&(#! =$# -$',r 8$ r$-n-$n $n n!r$-'',2n -$ '(#&(# -$ $n$rg"! -$) '),$n&$ -$$%,#,(n$# -$ g!#$# ,n$rn!-$r(B+ $# )! '(n#,-$r!',2n

-$ !rr$r!# 8$ $-!n ('rr,r -r!n&$ $) 'r#( -$ nr($'&( URE )! *#8$-! -$ #()',(n$# $n $)%!r'( -$ )!# $#&r'&r!# $9,#&$n&$# $n )!# $%r$#!#.



UNI8ERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAOFACULTAD DE ING. MECANICA ENERGIA

• AUDITORIAS ENERGETICAS EN SISTEMASDE VAPOR

• Dr. Ing. JUAN M. PALOMINO CORREA



USO RACIONAL DE LA ENERGIA

• FUNDAMENTOS DE USO RACIONAL DELA ENERGIA

• TECNOLOGIAS INTERSECTORIALES

TECNOLOGIAS



TECNOLOGIASINTERSECTORIALES

• TECNICAS PERIFERICAS O DE SERVICIOWUE SE USAN EN LAS PLANTASINDUSTRIALES+ INDEPENDIENTEMENTE DELA RAMA O SECTOR INDUSTRIAL. TIENENUNA GRAN IMPORTANCIA CON RESPECTO ALA ENERGIA. UNA PARTE MU IMPORTANTEDE LA ENERGIA ES TRASNFORMADA ENOTRA FORMA DE ENERGIA EN LOS

CALDEROS+ EN LOS SITEMAS DE AIRECONPRIMIDO+ EN LOS SISTEMAS DE AIRE

ACONDICIONADO+ ETC+



GENERADORES DE VAPOR

GENERACION DE VAPOR



GENERACION DE VAPOR AGUA CALIENTE

• LOS EWUIPOS DE MAOR USO EN LASINSTALACIONES INDUSTRIALES+COMERCIALES DE SERVICIOS SON LOSCALDEROS DE VAPOR DE AGUACALIENTE. ESTOS SON USADOS PARATRANSFERIR ENERGIAS DE UNCOMUSTILE A UN FLUIDO WUETRANSPORTA CALOR A DIFERENTES

TEMPERATURAS A SEA PARA SERUSADOS EN EL PROCESO O PARA UNCALENTAMIENTO EN DIFERENTES FORMAS.



CLASIFICACIÓN



CLASIFICACIÓN

• D,#(#,',2n -$ )(# 4),-(#• Tr!n#%,#,2n -$ '!)(r -(%,n!n&$

•C(%#&,)$ $%)$!-(• Pr$#,2n -$ &r!!(

• T,r(

• Lg!r -$ %(n&!$

EFICIENCIAS DE LAS CALDERAS



EFICIENCIAS DE LAS CALDERASDE VAPOR

• POR EXPERIENCIAS SE SAE WUE LASEFICIENCIAS TERMICAS DE LAS CALDERASESTAN POR DEAJO DE LAS MAXIMAS ALCANZALES. LOS VALORES MAS APROXIMADOS PARA CALDERAS DE VAPORSON<

• CALDERAS PIROTUULARES ESTANDAR DE PASOS =1000 PB< 7> Y >5

• CALDERAS ACUOTUULARES SINRECUPERADOR DE CALOR =1000 PB< >0?0



Ó Ó



CLASIFICACIÓN POR DISPOSICIÓN

DE FLUIDOS

• Acuo$ubula!es

• E) !g! ',r')! (r $) ,n&$r,(r-$ )(# 4)9$# -$ )! '!)-$r!.

• L! r$#,2n -$ &r!!( $-$!)'!n6!r !#&! )(# 150 g/'%.

• L! r(-'',2n -$ !(r $# -$)(r-$n -$ 5 !#&! 1000 &/.

• E4,',$n',! -$ ($r!',2n< >5@?0

COMPONENTES



COMPONENTES

• C#a!a deco#bus$i"n

• P!ecalen$ado! de

a%ua• P!ecalen$ado! de

ai!e

• ue#ado!es

• So'lado!es de =oll(n

• Flu5es o $ube!(as• Colec$o!

• Do#o

• Da#'e! o #a#'a!a• C=i#enea



VARIABLES IMPORTANTES





PROCEDIMIENTOS DE E8ALUACION



PROCEDIMIENTOS DE E8ALUACIONENERGETICA DE CALDERAS

• LA EVALUACION ENERGETICA DECALDERAS DE VAPOR AGUACALIENTE ES UNA DE LAS ACCIONES

MAS IMPORTANTES EN CUALWUIERPROGRAMA DE AORRO DE ENERGIATERMICA EN UNA INSTALACION LA

OPTIMIZACION DE UNA CALDERADEE COMENZAR CON UNA AUDITORIA ENERGETICA.





PROCEDIMIENTO3. CONOCER LAS CARACTERISTICAS DE LA CALDERA.

• DISEO• VARIALES DE DISEO• CONTROLES• COMUSTILES USADOS

@. DETERMINAR LAS CONDICIONES OPERATI8ASACTUALES UE ESTEN ALTERANDO LA EFICIENCIA.• MODO DE FUNCIONAMIENTO• REGIMEN DE OPERACIN• VARIALES DE OPERACIN• CONTROLES• MANTENIMIENTO



REALIAR MEDICIONES PARA OBTENER UNABASE DEL DIAGNOSTICO• ANALISIS DE GASES 0+ CO+ CO• OPACIDAD DE GASES• MEDICION DE TEMP[RATURAS DE GASES• MEDICION DE FLUJOS< COMUSTILE+ VAPOR+

PURGAS• TEMPERATURAS SUPERFICIALES< PERDIDAS POR

RADIACION CONVECCION

EFECTUAR DIAGNOSTICO• DIAGNOSTICO ENERGETICO DE LA CALDERA• PLANTEAMIENTO DE MEJORAS JUSTIFICADAS

TECNICA ECONOMICAMENTE



6 LOS RECURSOS NECESARIOS PARA 2ACER UNAE8ALUACION ENERGETICA SON;• PERSONAL ESPECIALIZADO SOPORTE• INSTRUMENTOS< ANALIZADOR DE GASES+

TERMOMETROS+ MEDICIONES DE FLUJO+

PIROMETROS.

CONOCIENDO LAS CARACTERISTICAS TECNICASDE LA CALDERA+ SU MODO DE OPERACIN+CONSUMO ENERGETICO TENIENDO UN

DIAGNOSTICO DE SU EFICIENCIA LIMITACIONESES POSILE PLANTEAR UNA SERIE DE MEDIDASPARA EL AORRO DE ENREGIA MEDIANTE UNASERIE DE TECNICAS.





REGULAR EL EXCESO DE AIRE

CONSISTE EN REGULAR LOS FLUJOS DE AIRE COMUSTILE DE TAL MANERA WUE SE MANTENGA UNARELACION AIRE COMUSTILE WUE PRODUZCA UN MINIMODE EXCESO DE AIRE PARA LA POTENCIA DEL WUEMADORWUE SE TRAAJE CON UNA MINIMA PRODUCCION DE

SUSTANCIAS RESULTANTES DE UN COMUSTIONINCOMPLETA.

TIPOS DE SISTEMAS

• CONTROL MANUAL

• CONTROL AUTOMATICO

• EN UCLE AIERTO

• CON RETROALIMENTACION





DICOS SISTEMAS PUEDEN DAR ORIGEN A TIPOSDE CONTROL<

• EN SERIE• EN PARALELO• EN SERIE@ PARALELO LOS ENEFICIOS WUE SE CONSIGUEN AL REDUCIR

EL EXCESO DE AIRE SON LOS SIGUIENTES<• MENORES PERDIDAS DE CALOR CON EL GAS DE

CIMENEA WUE AANDONA LA CALDERA

• MAOR TRANSFERENCIA DE CALOR RADIANTE.• REDUCCION DE GASES CONTAMINANTES• UNA MAOR EFICIENCIA DE LA CALDERA A MENOR

COSTO DE PRODUCCION DE VAPOR.

REEMPLAAR UEMADORES ON4OFF



REEMPLAAR UEMADORES ON OFFPOR UEMADORES MODULANTES

E) r$$%)!6( -$ )(# #,#&$%!# -$ r$g)!',2n (n@(44-$ )! (&$n',! -$) 8$%!-(r (r #,#&$%!# 8$%(-)!n )! (&$n',! -$ !'$r-( ! )! '!rg! -$ )!'!)-$r!+ $r%,&$n n( #()( r$-',r )!# !)&!#&$%$r!&r!# -$) g!#+ #,n( &!%,3n )!# $r-,-!# -$'!)(r 8$ #$ -!n $n $) )!#( -$) #&!n-@+ !#, '(%()!# $r-,-!# !#(',!-!# '(n )! rg! -$ g!#$#'!),$n&$# -$ )! '!)-$r! !n&$# -$#3# -$ '!-!

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REDUCIR LA PRESION DE 8APOR

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REFLEXIONEMOS



REFLEXIONEMOS

UNI8ERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAO



FACULTAD DE ING. MECANICA ENERGIA

• AUDITORIAS ENERGETICAS EN LA INDUSTRIA

Dr. Ing. JUAN M. PALOMINO CORREA

SISTEMAS ENERGETICOS

INTEGRADOS EN LA INDUSTRIA

SISTEMAS ENERGETICOS INTEGRADOS



EN LA INDUSTRIA

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EL APRO8EC2AMIENTO DE CALOR



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LA GENERACION ACOPLADA DEFUERA Y CALOR *COGENERACION-



FUERA Y CALOR *COGENERACION-

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LA REFRIGERACION POR ABSORCION



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LA GENERACION ACOPLADA DEFUERA CALOR Y FRIO



FUERA CALOR Y FRIO

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EL APRO8EC2AMIENTO TERMICO DESOL8ENTES



SOL8ENTES

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UNI8ERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAO



UNI8ERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAOFACULTAD DE INGENIERIA MECANICA

ENERGIA

AUDITORIAS ENERGETICASMEDICION DE FLUJOS ENERG[TICOS

EN LA INDUSTRIADr. Ing. JUAN M. PALOMINO CORREA

INTRODUCCION



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INTRODUCCION

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EL BALANCE DE ENERGIA DEL EUIPO



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INSTRUMENTACIN NECESARIA PARA EFECTUAR EL BALANCEENERG?TICO DE LA CALDERA DE LA FIGURA NO.3

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MEDICION DE CAUDAL



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CLASIFICACION DE LOS MEDIDORES DECAUDAL



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Medidores de flujo



Sistema Medidor

Medidores de flujovolumétrico Presión diferencial-Medidores conectados a tubo U o aelementos de fuelle o diafragma

Placa OrificioTobera

Tubo Venturi

Tubo Pitot y Tubo Annubar

Área variable ot!metros

Velocidad Turbina

Ultrasonido

Tensión inducida Magnético

"es#la$amiento #ositivo ueda oval% &elicoidal

Torbellino 'Vorte() Medidor de frecuencia

*uer$a Placas de im#acto

Medidores de flujo m!sico Térmico "iferencia de tem#eratura ensondas de resistencia

+oriolis Tubo en vibración

MEDIDORES DE OBSTRUCCIONE & &,), ) ,2 - ,)), A) ) & ) ,2 -



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EL TUBO DE PITOT



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GASES PRESENTES EN LA COMBUSTION

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UNI8ERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL CALLAOFACULTAD DE INGENIERIA MECANICA



FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA MECANICA

ENERGIA

AUDITORIAS ENERGETICAS

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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DELCALLAOFACULTAD DE ING. MECANICA

ENERGIA



ENERGIA

XXXVI CURSO DE ACTUALIZACION PROFESIONAL

AUDITORIAS ENERGETICASDr. Ing. JUAN MANUEL PALOMINO CORREA

METAS OJETIVOS DE UNA GESTION ENERGETICAEMPRESARIAL

ELEMENTOS DE LA GESTION ENERGETICAIMPLEMENTACION DE UNA GESTION ENERGETICAEMPRESARIAL

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• GRACIAS POR SU ATENCION



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POLITICAMENTE.

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