7/23/2019 Attitude and Personal Behaviour in Medical Education http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/attitude-and-personal-behaviour-in-medical-education 1/36 1 ATTITUDE ATTITUDE AND PERSONALITY ASPECTS AND PERSONALITY ASPECTS IN MEDICAL EDUCATION IN MEDICAL EDUCATION Sylvia D. Elvira Sylvia D. Elvira Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine - University of Indonesia
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Attitude and Personal Behaviour in Medical Education
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7/23/2019 Attitude and Personal Behaviour in Medical Education
"ehavior is a"ehavior is a functional manifestationfunctional manifestation of personality -of personality -a reflection of personality.a reflection of personality.
Perso&alityPerso&ality – the totality of $ualities and traits – the totality of $ualities and traits
collective character behavioral emotional andcollective character behavioral emotional andmental traits distinctive to a person.mental traits distinctive to a person.%eveloped throughout life and more or less too& it#s%eveloped throughout life and more or less too& it#sstable form during adolescence.stable form during adolescence.
'al&ing about !attitude formation# is in essence tal&ing'al&ing about !attitude formation# is in essence tal&ingabout the whole process of personality development.about the whole process of personality development.
7/23/2019 Attitude and Personal Behaviour in Medical Education
:: the ability to comprehend and feelthe ability to comprehend and feel
(empathie) not *ust cognitive understanding but(empathie) not *ust cognitive understanding butinclusiveinclusive the affective $ualitythe affective $uality as part of theas part of theinterpersonal relation+communication.interpersonal relation+communication.
Rapport Rapport :: an established empathic interpersonalan established empathic interpersonalrelationship with the sense of trust andrelationship with the sense of trust andunderstanding. ,n established meaningfulunderstanding. ,n established meaningfulhumane $uality of communication.humane $uality of communication.
7/23/2019 Attitude and Personal Behaviour in Medical Education
(2)(2) ow could we attained such $ualificationow could we attained such $ualification
In fact not all /%s could perform suchIn fact not all /%s could perform such$ualification in interpersonal+doctor-patient$ualification in interpersonal+doctor-patient
relationshiprelationship It is not *ust a matter of intellectual +It is not *ust a matter of intellectual +
academic performance.academic performance.
ItIt depends much on the basic personalitydepends much on the basic personality
developmental and cultural bac&ground.developmental and cultural bac&ground.
7/23/2019 Attitude and Personal Behaviour in Medical Education
$ippocrates wrote$ippocrates wrote.t is more important to.t is more important to
nownow what sort ofwhat sort of
personperson has a diseasehas a diseasethan to nowthan to now what sort of diseasewhat sort of disease
a person has/ a person has/
'o understand attitude and personality we should'o understand attitude and personality we shouldunderstand the essential part of human behavior.understand the essential part of human behavior.
7/23/2019 Attitude and Personal Behaviour in Medical Education
Is a part o the +ehavioral ma&iestatio&s%Is a part o the +ehavioral ma&iestatio&s% manner of carrying oneself in relation to others -manner of carrying oneself in relation to others -the way to tal& and express oneself a position ofthe way to tal& and express oneself a position of
the body a state of mind or feeling dispositionthe body a state of mind or feeling disposition.. Attit"#e ormatio& mi*ht +e a& artiicial a&#Attit"#e ormatio& mi*ht +e a& artiicial a&#
temporary o&etemporary o&e but if compatible it may also but if compatible it may alsoserve the personality or behavioral disposition in aserve the personality or behavioral disposition in a
more predictable pattern. 1eople could learn amore predictable pattern. 1eople could learn agenuine way of communication an artificial orgenuine way of communication an artificial orsymbolic way.symbolic way.
7/23/2019 Attitude and Personal Behaviour in Medical Education
,ttitude+behavioral guidance towards a more ,ttitude+behavioral guidance towards a moreorganied and civilied community-life.organied and civilied community-life.
,ssumed to aspire good reasons for a better ,ssumed to aspire good reasons for a bettersocial-life. 0nfortunately there are no infalliblesocial-life. 0nfortunately there are no infalliblestandard measures.standard measures.
5verything will revert to5verything will revert to co&scie&ceco&scie&ce- a sub*ective *udgmental con*unction with respects- a sub*ective *udgmental con*unction with respectsto humanitarian consideration.to humanitarian consideration.
6efer bac& to the baseline:6efer bac& to the baseline: perso&ality' +ehaviorperso&ality' +ehaviora&# attit"#ea&# attit"#e..
7/23/2019 Attitude and Personal Behaviour in Medical Education
'ocial (orms ) *alues'ocial (orms ) *aluesan unwritten set of standards for behavioralan unwritten set of standards for behavioral
conduct, built up as part of social or cultural way ofconduct, built up as part of social or cultural way oflifelife the measuring codes ofthe measuring codes ofconduct in a particular social environment#conduct in a particular social environment#
Developed alongside history of the society by theDeveloped alongside history of the society by thein9uence of traditional, cultural and religious values#in9uence of traditional, cultural and religious values#
+odes or aphorism?+odes or aphorism? .n a chaotic community, these norms & values.n a chaotic community, these norms & values
became futile# .nconsistency, inconse+uence andbecame futile# .nconsistency, inconse+uence anddouble standards, became the guiding principles#double standards, became the guiding principles#
7/23/2019 Attitude and Personal Behaviour in Medical Education
– ad*ustment capability related to cultural andad*ustment capability related to cultural andeducational bac&ground (coping mechanism)educational bac&ground (coping mechanism)
– inherent ad*ustment problems attributed toinherent ad*ustment problems attributed to
8onducive personality and behavior are essential8onducive personality and behavior are essentialassets for medical students and+or medical doctors.assets for medical students and+or medical doctors.Its significance precedes attitude formationIts significance precedes attitude formation..
5ven though it#s difficult to assess (except on its5ven though it#s difficult to assess (except on its
extreme manifestations) it should be part ofextreme manifestations) it should be part of$ualification assessment$ualification assessment..
8omplex developmental bac&ground (bio-psycho-8omplex developmental bac&ground (bio-psycho-social) should be considered in the assessment.social) should be considered in the assessment.
/edical students should be &nowledgeable about/edical students should be &nowledgeable aboutpersonality and its developmental process.personality and its developmental process.
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,ttitudes could be directed to a certain pattern ,ttitudes could be directed to a certain pattern
through learning process exercise experiencesthrough learning process exercise experiences
and other behavioral approach.and other behavioral approach.
8hange in attitude does not assure a long-lasting8hange in attitude does not assure a long-lastingbehavioral 3 personality change. 2ub*ect tobehavioral 3 personality change. 2ub*ect to
individual variation rooted in the basic personality.individual variation rooted in the basic personality.
9eeds enduring insight and strong motivation for9eeds enduring insight and strong motivation for
'ry to be'ry to be open mindedopen minded andand understandingunderstanding in selfin self
assessment and criticism. "eassessment and criticism. "e receptivereceptive for possibilityfor possibility
of positive personality development.of positive personality development.
2ome personality traits are not amenable to2ome personality traits are not amenable tobehavioral change and in fact are not conducive forbehavioral change and in fact are not conducive for
medical education.medical education.
/oral ethics social norms 3 values legal aspects/oral ethics social norms 3 values legal aspects
etc. are only guidelines. 'he more importantetc. are only guidelines. 'he more importantindividual controlling power is theindividual controlling power is the co&scie&ce.co&scie&ce.
2 t l
7/23/2019 Attitude and Personal Behaviour in Medical Education