Atlas Florae Europe

7/26/2019 Atlas Florae Europe

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/atlas-florae-europe 1/30

Atlas Florae Europaeae –

mapping European vascular plants

with 50 x 50 km grid

Pertti Uotila & Raino ampinen!otanical "useum# Finnish "useum o$ %atural istor'

Universit' o$ elsinki

P( )( !ox *

F+%,000-. Universit' o$ [email protected]

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]






RATIONALE OF THE ATLAS FLORAE EUROPAEAE

(AFE

/ Proect 1egan in -235 to complete the territor' level distri1ution data

o$ Flora Europaea# the $irst volume o$ which was pu1lished in -23.(

/ AFE produces grid maps o$ the distri1ution o$ European vascular

plants 4grid cells mostl' 50 x 50 km(

/ 6o $ar 78*0 maps in -8 printed volumes 4-2*8 , -222# covering c(

809 o$ all European vascular plants(

/ :olla1orators throughout Europe; secretariat editing the data inelsinki(

/ <ata $rom all European countries collected on paper and maps

produced manuall' in vols( - , -8(

/ :urrentl' data collected manuall' and digitall' 4special so$tware $or

data recording distri1uted to the colla1orators; data inserted into adata1ase in elsinki; maps now produced digitall'(

/ <ata $rom scanned printed maps recentl' extracted 1' custom

so$tware into an )racle data1ase(





<A=A E%=R> ?+= =E AFE <A=A E<+=)R



=he European range o$ Alyssum alyssoides( )ld grid s'stem(

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(# %# (# *"# *&# "$# !%# !(# $"# $&#

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@ 2

3

18

7

2579

=he European distri1ution o$ Fragaria vesca# using the new grid

s'stem( Proection am1ert con$ormal conic# central meridian8.B E# standard parallels .8B and 53B %(





-H A /RI01

/ 6imple concept# relativel' eas' map production 4limited num1er

o$ localities; in contrast to point data the large grid cell siCepartl' hides the uneven knowledge(

/ ?hen the proect started grid mapping had 1' then 1ecomecommon in $loristic mapping# and the Atlas of the British Flora 4-238; -0 x -0 km maps was a $resh model; computers anddata1ases were not availa1le D all work was done on paper(

/ U=" proection and the "ilitar' rid Re$erence 6'stem 4"R6were chosen as the' covered the whole o$ Europe# and mapsshowing the "R6 grid were availa1le $or the whole continent(

/ - - 000 000 maps showing the grid cells 1oundaries weredistri1uted to each countr'(

/ =he AFE grid was adopted 1' other several $aunistic Europeanmapping proects D 1ut all o$ these did this in a di$$erent wa'

/ =he grid s'stem was recentl' changed in order to uni$' themapping o$ plants and animals 4amphi1ians# reptiles# 1irds#mammals# (((# and in order to decrease the great num1er o$deviations $rom the general grid pattern in AFE( =he old AFE

data has 1een converted into the new grid s'stem(



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degree wide/ ongitude o$ )rigin :entral

meridian 4:" o$ each proection

Cone 47B# 2B# -5B# (((# -*-B# -**B#

E and ?/ atitude o$ )rigin 0B 4the

EIuator(/ Unit meter / False %orthing 0 meters at the

EIuator $or the %orthern

emisphere; -0#000#000 meters

at the EIuator $or the 6outhern

emisphere(/ False Easting 500#000 meters

at the :" o$ each Cone(/ 6cale Factor at the :entral

"eridian 0(2223(/atitude imits o$ 6'stem From

J0B6 to J.B%(/imits o$ Proection Kones =he

Cones are 1ounded 1' meridians#

the longitudes o$ which are

multiples o$ 3B east and west o$

the prime meridian(

UNI2ERSAL TRANS2ERSE

3ER4ATOR (UT3 5ONES



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THE 3ILITAR /RI0 REFEREN4E

SSTE3 (3/RS!eginning at J0B

south and

proceeding

northward# twent'

1ands are lettered :through L# omitting +

and )( =hese 1ands

are all JB wide

except $or 1and L

which is -8B wide

41etween *8,J. %(

=here are special

U=" Cones 1etween

0 degrees and 73

degrees longitude

a1ove *8 degreeslatitude and a

special Cone 78

1etween 53 degrees

and 3. degrees

north latitude(



3/RS *%% 8 *%% km S7UARE I0ENTIFI4ATION

=he grid cell names o$ AFE are derived $rom the "R6 -00 x -00 km sIuares(

For instance# sIuare 75M" is split into 75M"-# 75M"8# 75M"7 and

75M". D - $or %?# 8 $or 6?# 7 $or %E and . $or 6E Iuadrant(



3A9OR 4HARA4TERISTI4S + OL0 AFE /RI0

/ ..-2 grid cells with land in Europe 4latest version; does not cover

marine areas(

/ :ell siCe mostl' 50 x 50 km# with special adustments at the U="

Cone 1oundaries(

/ :ell 1oundaries 50 km U=",lines and "R6 Cone 1oundaries(

=reatment o$ partial cells at the U=" Cone 1oundaries -0 , 80 , 70 ,

.0 km rule(

/ ots o$ deviations $rom the general pattern 4coastal grid cells withlittle land oined to neigh1ouring cells; long peninsulas# certain

isolated islands# some mountains and +stan1ul given their own grid

cells(

/ 6everal minor 4coastal areas or 4reece# 6val1ard maor changes

in the old grid s'stem throughout the 'ears 4-23J# -2*8# -2** and-227 di$$erent 1asemap versions(

/ :ell names 1ased on Iuadrants o$ the "R6 -00 x -00 km sIuares(

/ eodetic datum not speci$ied@


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/atlas-florae-europe 13/30 =he "R6 50 km lines



=REA="E%= )F PAR=+A :E6 A= =E U="

K)%E !)U%<AR> +% =E )< AFE R+<

/RE0: 6outhern edge more than .0 km NO independent cell

/PURPLE 6outhern edge 70 , .0 km NO =he edge outwards

o$ the Cone extended to the next $ull -0,km U=" easting(

//RE 6outhern edge 80 – 70 km long NO =he Iuadrant

merged with a similar partial cell on the other side o$ the"R6 Cone 1oundar'(

/PALE ;LUE: 6outhern edge -0 – 80 km long NO =he partial

cell oined to the adacent standard one( +n cases where this

would result in sIuares wider than 30 km# the width o$ the

adacent standard sIuare is adusted 1' narrowing itswestern or eastern edge to the next $ull -0,km U=" easting(

/ ELLO-: 6outhern edge -0 km long NO =he partial cell

oined to the adacent cell without reducing its width 1' -0

kilometres(



AFE old grid# general pattern





3A9OR 4HARA4TERISTI4S + NE- AFE (4/RS /RI0

/ .*.J grid cells with land in Europe; covers marine areas 4the

grid calculated $or 75382 cells in the "R6 Cones 8. to ..

4$rom .8B? to J.BE in the northern hemisphere 4$rom the

eIuator to northing o$ 2(750(000 metres( :an 1e extended(

/ :ell siCe mostl' 50 x 50 km# with adustments at the U=" Cone1oundaries(

/ :ell 1oundaries 50 km U=",lines and "R6 Cone 1oundaries(

Extends over terrestrial and marine areas $ollowing a certain

pattern# without an' deviations $or coasts# islands# peninsulas#

mountains# towns etc( 6pecial solutions in the %orth 6ea and atthe 1oundar' o$ "R6 1ands ? and L( =reatment o$ partial

cells at the U=" Cone 1oundaries -Q7 , 8Q7 rule(

/ :ell names 1ased on Iuadrants o$ the "R6 -00 x -00 km

sIuares(

/ eodetic datum ?6J.(

=E PA==ER% )F



=E PA==ER% )F

=REA=+% =E

PAR=+A :E6 +% =E

%E? R+<

/ PAE !UE +$ the width

at the 6 edge o$ the partial

cell is -3(* km NO oined

to the adacent cell in the

same U=" Cone

/ >E)? +$ the width is

1etween -3(* and 77(7 km

NO merged with a similar

partial cell on the other side

o$ the U=" Cone 1oundar'

/ REE%# RE< +$ the width

is O 77(7 km NO treated as

an independent cell



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%o active egend(

THE NEW



THE NEW

GRID — THE

W/X

DEVIATIONS

=he northernmost grid

cells o$ the "R6

Cones 78# 7. and 73

46 margin at

*(250(000 metres

north are cut in the

north so that the' end

at the J(000(000 m

line o$ the Cones 7-#

77# 75 or 7*( =hisconcerns $our cells in

each o$ these three

Cones( =he

southernmost cells in

1and L are thus 50 km

ThighT(

70?L6870??6.

!*- 43$!*- 03"

THE NEW GRID



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!"-LS$ !"-3S" !"-3S$ !"-NS" !"-NS$ !"-PS"THE NEW GRID -

THE NORTH SEA

!etween 7 and 3 degrees E

the cells in 1and 78 extendsouth to 3(800(000 m and

north to *(-00(000 m lines o$

Cone 78( =hus $our cells in

7-U are shrink in the north

1' that line 47-UE!-#

7-UE!7# 7-UF!-# 7-UF!7#and the southernmost grid

cells o$ 78 1elong to 1and U(

=hree cells o$ 1and 7-?

47-?E"8# 7-?E".#

7-?F"8 are continueddown to the *(-00(000 m line

o$ Cone 78( =he

northernmost 78M cells

478MGR-# 78MGR7# 78MR-#

78MR8 are 50 km ThighT(





4ON2ERSION ;ET-EEN THE OL0 AN0 NE- AFE /RI0S

=>PE :E6 RE:)R<6

)ld and new cellsidentical# except $or thegeodetic datum

• 7.0. 4**(0 9 oldcells

• 57**88 convertedrecords 432(* 9

)ld cell splits into two or more new cells•

380 4-.(0 9 oldcells NO -823 newgrid cells

• 8 x 5 cells; -. x .cells; 88 x 7 cells;5J8 x 8 cells

•

-J5722 convertedrecords 48.(09

and area o$ the old cell$ull' within a new cell#except $or the geodeticdatum

• 7*. 4J(59 oldcells

• .33.3 convertedrecords 43(0 9

and area o$ the old cell$ull' within a new cell

• 8- 40(59 old cells • -J.* convertedrecords 40(8 9



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0OES THIS /RI0 3EET THE NEE0S OF AFE1

/ <ata $rom national co,ordinate s'stems 4t'picall' grid records $rom -0 x

-0 km or - x - km sIuares has to 1e trans$ormed into the AFE grid

s'stem – Excel sheet with conversion $unctions 4within ?6J. distri1uted to the

national colla1orators

– some o$ the national colla1orators reIuest $or $ree so$tware $or 1eing a1le to

trans$orm their co,ordinate data into the ?6J. datum

– :onversion ta1les 1etween the -0 x -0 km sIuares o$ the national grids'stems 4!ritain# erman'# place name lists 4e(g( municipalities o$ Finland#

detailed map printouts

– grid in digital $ormat 4"ap+n$o# "ap+n$o export $ormat# A6:++ sent to some

colla1orators 4not 'et pu1licl' availa1le; reIuests $or the grid and $ree

1asemap data ver' $reIuent

/ Pro1lems in converting the old data into the new grid D a compromise$or 1eing a1le to compare the AFE data with the $aunistic data

/ :ell siCe varies considera1l' 4in the new grid s'stem even more than in

the old one

/ Fixed resolution; mostl' no detailed 1ackground data availa1le in

elsinki





LIN<IN/ THE AFE AN0 OTHER SPATIAL

0ATA

PR+%=E< "AP6 =) <A=A!A6E/ Using the AFE data with other data has 1ecome possi1le onl' a$ter the distri1ution

data $rom printed maps was extracted into a digital data1ase(

FAU%+6=+: <+6=R+!U=+)% A=A6E6

/ )ld grid data com1ined with the $aunistic atlas data in several papers 4using the

?orldmap so$tware o$ :hris umphries# Paul ?illiams and "iguel Arauo; %"#

ondon(/ +n the $uture# the data collected in or converted to the new grid s'stem can 1e

directl' com1ined with the $aunistic atlas datasets 4a$ter their conversion; done at

least $or the mammal data(

+%G+% ?+= )=ER G+%< <A=A# F)R +%6=A%:E

/ EuroW"ed Plant!ase 4www(euromed(org(uk; an on,line data1ase and in$ormation

s'stem $or the vascular plants o$ Europe and the "editerranean region(

/ "odelling the potential ranges o$ the plants in 4!rian untle'# <urham; Pam !err'#

)x$ord(

/ <ahl# Eili$ -22J =he ph'togeograph' o$ %orthern Europe( )ld grid; climatological

and elevation data(

/ <ata used in several ecological research proects

Atlas Florae Europe

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