Athens Northeast of Sparta Athens was named for the goddess Athena Athens Northeast of Sparta Athens was named for the goddess Athena.

AthensAthensNortheast of SpartaNortheast of SpartaAthens was named for the goddess AthenaAthens was named for the goddess Athena    

ParthenonParthenon• Temple dedicated to Athena

 • Built between 447 and 432 B.C.

 • Represented the power and wealth of the

Athenian Empire  • Located on the Athenian acropolis

A Budding DemocracyA Budding Democracy

600s B.C.- Early Athens was ruled by landowning nobles • Only adult male citizens took part in public life

 • Women, slaves, and foreign residents had no

political power  

AthensAthens

• The economy was largely based on agriculture and tradeo grains, vegetables, fruito grapes and olives were to make wine and olive oilo raised sheep and goats for wool and dairy products

 • Most farmers owed the nobles money

 • Many sold themselves into slavery to pay their debts

 • Athenians began to rebel against the nobles

 • Farmers demanded an end to all debts, along with

land for the poor  

What was life in What was life in AthensAthens like? like?

For Girls- At home:• Spinning• Weaving• Household duties

    Some wealthy families paid for their daughters tolearn to read, write, and play the lyre.

What was life in What was life in AthensAthens like? like?

For Boys- Athenian Schools taught:• Reading • Writing• Arithmetic• Sports• Singing• Lyre

 Boys finished school at age 18 and became citizens.

OlympicsOlympics• Only men could participate in and view the

Olympic games • Athletes competed by themeselves, not as part of

a team • Contests included running, jumping, wrestling,

and boxing • Winning athletes won a crown of olive leaves and

brought glory to his city

SolonSolon

594 B.C.- the nobles trusted Solon and turned to him for help Solon made several changes: • Canceled all the farmers' debts• Freed those who became slaves• Allowed all male citizens to particpate in the

assembly and law courts 

PeisistratusPeisistratus

560 B.C.- After solon, Peisistratus seized power He won the support of the poor by: • Dividing large estates among landless

farmers• Loaning money to the poor • Giving jobs to the poor, such as building

temples 

CleisthenesCleisthenes

508 B.C. -  Cleisthenes came to power • Created a new council of 500 citizens to

help the  assembly    • Assembly members had new powers

 - they could debate matters openly        - hear court cases      - appoint army generals 

Persian War

Who        Sparta and Athens VS Persia

What       Joined forces of Sparta and Athens

Where    Athens, Marathon, Salamis, Platea, Thermopylie

When     1st attack: 490bc; led by Darius                2nd attack: 480 bc; led by Xerxes

Why        Persian control of Greece

Greece during the Persian WarGreece during the Persian War

Sparta

Joined forces with Athens

Sent soldiers to fight

Battle of Thermopylie    war tactics to give advantage to Sparta with less soldiers.

Battle of Salamis

Strategy for victory:    Destroy the enemy

Athens

Battle of Marathon

Battle of Plataea

Strategy for victory:     work as a group.

Persian War

Delian LeagueDelian League

Who        Athens and Greek city-states

What       A group that promised to defend its member against                    the Persians.

Where     Island of Delos

When      479bc

Why        After the Persian War, the people of Greece wanted                    to keep their lands free of invaders.

Greece under Delian League c.450 B.C.Greece under Delian League c.450 B.C.

The Age of PericlesThe Age of Pericles

• 461bc

• Expansion of territory

• Peak of creativity, learning, politics and economy.    • Funeral Oration

• Concept of citizenship

• Direct democracy

    "Athens is the school of Greece"

Greece during the Peloponnesian War

The Peloponnesian WarThe Peloponnesian War

Who        Sparta VS Athens

What       The Peloponnesian War                     Named for Sparta's location in Peloponnesus.

Where     Peloponnesus: Sparta, Athens, Crete, Coast of                      Aegean Sea

When      431-404 BCE

Why?       Sparta and neighboring city states were jealous                         and suspicious of the wealth of Athens. 

The Peloponnesian WarThe Peloponnesian War

Sparta431BC Army surrounds Athens on land.

Still could not defeat Athens.

Deal with Persia: Money to  fund shipbuilding in exchange for Greek territory in Asia Minor.

405BC Navy destroys that of Athens and proceed to invade the city.

AthensCitizens are called to live within   the city walls, for protection, until the fighting has ended.Utilize Navy to deliver supplies.Lost in hand-to-hand combat.

Disease and over crowding removed 1/3 of the population.429BC Pericles dies of disease.

404BC Athens surrenders to Sparta

Peloponnesian War

Year 1

Year 2

25 year standoff 

The Peloponnesian WarThe Peloponnesian WarPericles gives his famous speech, "The Funeral Oration".

He addresses and acknowledges the citizens Athens and reminds them of the power they hold in their own government.

Pericles encourages the people of Athens to uphold their democratic social order and take pride in their system and what it represents. 

Pericles has pride in his country and wants to 

                                                       encourage his fellow                                                       Athenians to keep their heads                                                       up after one year of war has                                                        concluded.

The Peloponnesian WarThe Peloponnesian War

Sparta

Over the next 30 years, Sparta held control of Greece. 

During this time, multiple city-states grew displeased with the Spartans. 

The city-states rebelled, setting into motion another set of wars; this time with Greeks against Greeks.