CHAPTER 2 BASIC HOUSE DESIGNS AT – 201 Introduction to Architecture Dan Trent August 27, 2012 1
Mar 28, 2015
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CHAPTER 2BASIC HOUSE DESIGNS
AT – 201
Introduction to Architecture
Dan Trent
August 27, 2012
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OBJECTIVES
List four basic house designs Explain the chief advantages of each
house design List disadvantages of each house design Explain traffic circulation in a floor plan
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KEY TERMS
Intermediate Level Living Level One-and-One-Half Story One-Story Ranch Sleeping Level Split-Level Traffic Circulation Two-Story
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FOUR Basic Designs
One-Story Ranch One-and-One-Half Story Two-Story Split-Level
Side-by-Side Front-to-Back Back-to-Front
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FACTORS to Consider
Available Space (Footprint) Site Contour Climate Convenience Cost Surroundings Personal Preference Personal Needs
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ONE STORY RANCH DESIGNS
CHARACTERISTICS All regular living space on one level Low pitched roof Usually over a crawl space or on a slab, but
may have a basementADVANTAGES
Lends itself to Indoor/outdoor livingPatios, porches, and terracesGlass brings outdoors in (looks bigger)Easy maintenance (painting, cleaning gutters)
Easy to add on rooms/wings
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ONE STORY RANCH DESIGNS
DISADVANTAGESMore costly to build due to larger roof
area and longer foundationRequires a larger lot since it spreads OUT
and not UPMay cost more to heat because it is so
spread outMaintenance issues due to all the roof
area and exterior wall areaConsiderable hall space required to
access all rooms
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Summary of DISADVANTAGES
Higher cost (roof area) Larger “footprint” requires larger lot Difficult to heat since it is so spread out Long Hallways
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One-and-One-Half Story
CHARACTERISTICS Essentially a ranch house with a steeper roof
that allows use of the attic for living space Dormers usually added to provide light and
ventilation
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ADVANTAGES
Lower cost (almost twice the space under one roof)
Expandable (if one wishes to finish attic space) Versatile (finish “upstairs” later as family
grows) Lower heating/cooling cost
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DISADVANTAGES
Low head room along perimeter Steeper roof, stairs, and dormers add to
cost Wasted space at lower end of short walls
(see figure 2-12 on page 41)
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TWO-STORY DESIGN
Advantages Smaller “footprint” so can be built on a
smaller lot Lower heating/cooling costs More economical to build (2 floors, one roof)Disadvantages
StairsOut of “style” in favor of contemporary lookNot easily modified or “dressed up”Difficult maintenance (gutters, painting)
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TWO-STORY DESIGN
Classic examples
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SPLIT-LEVEL DESIGN
As the name suggests, the house is “split” into multiple levels Basement (heating/cooling equipment or
storage) Intermediate (garage or recreation room) Living level (kitchen, dining, living, and
bathroom) Sleeping level (bedrooms and baths) See page 46
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SPLIT-LEVEL DESIGN
Conceived to solve problems presented by a sloping or “hilly” lot
Three basic variations Front-to-Back (for lots that are “high” in the
front, low in the back – looks like a RANCH from front)
Back-to-Front (for lots that are low in front, high in the back)
Side-to-Side (for lots that slope from one side to the other
(see page 46 – next slide)
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SPLIT LEVEL DESIGN
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Split Level Cross Section
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TRAFFIC CIRCULATION
The movement of people from one area or room to another
Plan for maximum efficiency of movement
SHORT travel paths DO NOT go through rooms to get to other
rooms Classic Kitchen Triangle –
Stove-Refrigerator-Sink
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INTERNET RESOURCES
www.OwensCorning.com Building materials, composite, sustainability, d
www.gp.com/build/index.html Products, sustainability, products, safety,
where to buy, resources (products = PLYTANIUM, resources = DOGHOUSE)
www.reynoldsbp.com Roof shingles, bay windows, patios/decks
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QUESTIONS (for YOU)
List 4 basic residential house designs Identify 5 advantages of the ranch style
house List 5 disadvantages of the ranch style
house A one-and-one-half story house can be
recognized by its _________ ___________ , which often has ___________ to allow light into the attic
Traffic circulation must be planned for maximum efficiency of ______________
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QUESTIONS?
Thank you for your attention!