ASTHMA IN THE UNITED STATES Approximately 20 million Americans have asthma Nine million of these cases occurred in children under the age of 18 From 1980 to 1994, prevalence has increased by a 75% Asthma prevalence in children under five has increased by over 160% during this same time period Annually, asthma contributes to about 5,000 deaths 1
Asthma in the United states. Approximately 20 million Americans have asthma Nine million of these cases occurred in children under the age of 18 From 1980 to 1994, prevalence has increased by a 75% Asthma prevalence in children under five has increased by over 160% during this same time period - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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ASTHMA IN THE UNITED STATES
Approximately 20 million Americans have asthma
Nine million of these cases occurred in children under the age of 18
From 1980 to 1994, prevalence has increased by a 75%
Asthma prevalence in children under five has increased by over 160% during this same time period
Annually, asthma contributes to about5,000 deaths1
WHAT IS ASTHMA??? “A common disorder in which chronic inflammation
of the bronchial tubes (bronchi) makes them swell, narrowing the airways. Asthma involves only the bronchial tubes and does not affect the air sacs (alveoli) or the lung tissue (the parenchyma of the lung) itself.”2
Three hallmark signs of asthma:a) Coughingb) Wheezingc) Dyspnea
The recurrent episodes that occur are due to airflow obstruction and are often reversible (spontaneously or with medication
NOCTURNAL ASTHMA Includes 70-80% of asthmatics
Asthma symptoms occur exclusively at night
Common Causes: Supine posture GE reflux Late phase reaction to antigens Exposure to allergens in bedding (mites) Fluctuations in airway caliber Impaired mucociliary clearance
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY A variety of changes in the airway are responsible
for limiting the airway, all of which are influenced by airway inflammation: