Ass't. D.A. Calls Cops Off S.E. C. Embezzlement Case

Vol. LVII, No. 22 GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY, WASHINGTON, D.C. Friday, March 29. 1974

get-away car." The other, ajuvenile. who was the driver of theChevy and is believed to be theowner of the gray cadillac, wasapprehended by an ~1.P.D. officer.

Johnson said, "The third sub­ject hopped across the (parkinglot) fence. and was apprehendedby police at Three Sisters Bridge."

Following standard procedures,two police helicopters scouted thearea in search of the third suspectand the M.P.O. set up a mobile labin the parking lot for finger­printing and picture- taking.

"An undetermined amount ofmoney was recovered in thecadillac," Johnson said.

The three men were arrestedby the F.B.I. and will be arraignedin Federal Court in Alexandria.

Lieutenant Ronald Kadnercommented "the Protective Ser­vices Department responded over.and above what thev must do."He explained that Campus Secu­rity is not required "to go inunarmed against armed people,although we're still responsible foreveryone's protection."

by Patrick EarlyIf the poor showing of Georgetown Seniors on the

National League of Nursing's Board of Examiners test is anyindication, they will have a difficult time with their stateboard exams this year. health care system concept which

The test, according to Asso- we adopted about four yearsciate Dean Rose McGarrity, "is an ago."achievement test in the clinical The self care system techniqueareas of nursing." emphasizes the total health pic-

"But," she continued, "the test ture of the individual, rather thanis somewhere between 10 and 15 focus on one isolated illness as inyears behind the times. The the traditional approach.approach to teaching nursing is The seniors the first class tochanging very quickly, but these have been enrolled in the programtests take nearly five years to all four years, have shown some-construct and haven't been what mixed emotions.changed for over 10 years." Patty Martin, one of the

"The emphasis is shifting from seniors, said that she "didn't eventhe medical/pathological ap- check (her) scores on the test."proach, the traditional nursing "After all," she continued, "ifconcept," she said, "to the total I'd done really poorly, I wouldn't

have been any more motivated,"She agreed with the statement

of the Nursing School that thetest "Usually is not a goodindicator of performance on thestate boards," but she expressedconcern that "we ranked so lowon the percentile scale."

Susan Karole, another senior,called the results "upsetting."

"The curriculum gave us a lot,"she said, "but it also left a lot out.We'll be better practicing nurses,but we'll have a harder timepassing the traditional tests."

The School of Nursing, inreaction to the showing on theN.L.N. test, has set up reviewsessions similar to those pre­paring for the Bar Exams.

Police Pursue SuspectsOn Hilltop Campus

The money was left in the filecabinet until deposited at the endof the week. The cabinet waseasily accessible to anyone who"walked into the office who wasfamiliar," according to Burke.

S.E.C. Chairman Gregg Wernerstated "I'm disappointed the in­vestigation didn't come up withanything. I hope something willtum up."

by Melaine Bierosand Bruce Rosen

The Georgetown ProtectiveServices Department assisted theF.B.I., the Arlington CountyPolice and the Metropolitan Policein apprehending three allegedbank robbers Wednesday after­noon near the Canal Street en­trance to the University.

Metropolitan police and theF.B.I. pursued the subjects fol­lowing an armed robbery of theAmerican Bank on Wilson Boule­vard in Arlington County. "It'snot known where the arms were,but there were some involved,"The Protective Services invest i­gator, Corporal Joseph Johnson.said.

The suspects, three blackmales, allegedly drove up to thecampus lower level parking lot « 3in a 1965 Chevrolet via CanalRoad. according to Johnson.

Two of the suspects wereapprehended on the Georgetowncampus. One of the men washiding in the back seat of a graycadillac which Johnson believedwas to have been used as "the

Nursing Test ResultsQuestion Curriculum

•.V

because there was no control overthe cash flow, and they did notwant to continue."

Burke said that S.E.C. Chair­man Gregg Werner and he wouldcontinue their own investigation.He added that he could narrow itdown to "a group of four or five,"but that this was "only a hunch."When asked if this group still hadaccess to money, Burke wouldonly comment, "they are still inHealy Basemen t."

Discussing the theft, S.E.C.Comptroller Debbie Insley(SFS'75) said, "books were neverkept" during the period when thethefts occurred.

Concerning the present pro­cedures, Insley commented,"We've cracked down as best wecan this semester. But we need amore accurate ticket system be­cause with the present stubsystem they can still cheat theS.E.C." However, she added, "Ifmoney is missing, I can tell by theend of the day."

An audit indicated that themoney had probably been stolensometime between January 16­February 8. The police involvedconcluded that the possibility ofsomeone giving out free ticketswas improbable.

The discrepancy was notnoticeable for a long time be­cause, according to Burke, "thelogs were sketchy. in fact t.he~

were terrible." Burke refused toshow the logs to the presv.However, on the basi-. of thp 10gsand accounting of the ticketstubs, it was discovered themoney was stolen.

At the end of each day thecash from the ticket sales wasplaced unlocked in a file cabinetin Sue Palmer Johnson's office.

Concern has been expressed over the poor showing of GeorgetownSeniors on the National League of Nursing's Board of Examiners test.

Ass't. D.A. Calls Cops OffS.E. C. Embezzlement Case

by Wayne Sait ta andJoe Lacerenza

Student Activities ComptrollerRichard Burke (SBA '75) hasannounced that the investigationof the Washington Assistant Dis­trict Attorney concerning the$4,695 S.E.C. embezzlement hasbeen called off.

Burke said, "I had five meet­ings with the D.A. and the police.Thev came to the conclusion thatbecause so many people had hadcontact with the money even ifthey pinned the person down, thecourt would throw the case out.They said that it was hopeless

,\

.•

/

tJ}

\ ' i : ~ f.' ~ .1 ~ til)Student Activities Comptroller Richard Burke (SBA7S) will continuehis own investigation of the SEC embezzlement case. (Photo by FrankBerryman)

by Ann LoLordoThe Georgetown University

Lecture Fund presented Indianactivist George Mitchell, Tuesdayin Healy Conference Room.Mitchell discussed the prejudice,discrimination, housing problemand unemployment stemmingfrom 'white society'.

"There is no such thing as anIndian problem; it's a white man'sproblem," Mitchell said. "Thepilgrims migrated from Europe toescape oppression. It was Indianswho taught them how to live andsurvive off the land. The Indiansgave the white man Thanksgiving.Sixty per cent of food today, pluscosmetics, soap, jewelry and arch­itecture are Indian contributionsbut no one knows it."

According to Mitchell, themisinterpretation of Indianheritage by the European educa­tional system is the Indians' majordilemma. "Your system todaycompletely denies the Indian ofhis real name, religion and lan­guage. They have white menteaching things only a true Indian.can know," he said.

Mitchell appealed to the stu­dents to petition deans andteachers to include Native Ameri­can materials in Georgetownclasses.

Mitchell informed the audienceof recent developments in Wound­ed Knee trials in Sioux Falls. "Thetrial is presently recessed untilApril 1. Judge Nichol summonedthe F.B.I. to turn over all evidenceconcerning Wounded Knee. It wasdiscovered that 315,000 files

(Continued on Page 3)

Indian TalksOn RacismAt Hilltop

Page 2 The HOYA Friday, March 29,1974

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Doyle also mentioned themakeshift facilities and stressedthat they are only temporary.

"When the work is complete,there will be an overabundance ofclassroom space that I'm sure willbe put to good use."

White Gravenor is the onlybuilding on campus that is under­going a massive interior renova­tion. Although the University islooking into ideas to do the sameto others, no definite plans havebeen made.

"We're looking to renovateeverything," commented Scar­borough, "but we have to workwithin the limits of our funding."He explained that building renova­tions are limited by the fact thatparticular government funds areearmarked for specific projects.

lems which included the largeamount of noise from passingairplanes, the poor condition ofthe floors and the lack of controlover the heating system. Theseproblems are being alleviated bythe installment of wall-to-wallcarpeting to better the acoustics,the patching and carpeting of thefloors and the installment of anew heating and air coolingsystem.

The main renovations aretaking place on the first floorwhere additional office space isbeing installed in the area thathoused the Registrar's office(which was moved to the base­ment).

"There were never really anyfunctional problems. However,when the bookstore moved intoLauinger Library, a jockeying ofthe functioning of each floorbegan," Doyle explained.

"Due to the consolidation of anumber of departments under theDean of Admissions and Records,we sought to include everyoneunder one roof," he concluded.When the renovation is complete,the building will house eightclassrooms and lab space for boththe chemistry and psychologydepartments.

In addition, the Office of theRegistrar, Director of Admissions,Director of Financial Aid, and theDean of the College of Arts andSciences will all occupy thebuilding.

"At the moment, we arecompleting construction in phasesso that we still retain some use forthe building. The Registrar's of­fice and the Deans' offices areboth functioning out of therenovated ground floor," ex­plained Ben Scarborough, thedirector of construction.

"Also, we have alleviated for thelack of classroom space with theuse of two trailers, two classroomsin Lauinger and temporarypsychology facilities in Poulton,"he continued.

TO LIVE SO TOTALLY 1HE WORDSOF JESUS CHRIST THAT ALL MENSEE IN US HIS PRESENCE AGAIN

IF Y1U LIKE SHARING, LOVING,AND TRUSTING IN CHRIST'S WAYOF LIFE, MAYBE IT IS TIME TOBE SENT TODAY AS HIS SERVANT

by Marcia Van DyckThe Black Student Alliance

will sponsor the annual BlackAwareness Week from April 1-6.

The week has been scheduledto include April 4th, the anniver­sary of Martin Luther King'sdeath, and will feature variouspresentations highlighting theblack experience, musically, arti­stically, dramatically and cinema­tically.

The theme of the week,"Struggles in Black," reflects thestrange contrasts of laughter andpain, pride and oppression whichhave been the black legacy,according to RS.A. ChairmanReggie Terrell (C'75) and Chair­man-elect Fred Baylor (C'75).

Extending an invitation to theGeorgetown community, Terrelland Baylor hope that for theBlack student or administrator theweek will be an extension ofhimself, for the white a week ofexploration and education, andfor all a week of learning.

BRING HIM AND HIS MESSAGE TOMANKIND TODAY IN THE MISSIONLANDS OF THE DEEP SOUTH, ANDTHE SPANISH MISSIONS OF POORVENEZUELAN PEOPLE; OR BRINGCHRIST TO YOUTH THROUGH WORKIN AN EDUCATIONAL APOSTOLATE

For free information write

POVERTY, CHASTITY, OBEDIENCE lATHEY CAN BE JUST THREE WORDSOR THEY CAN BE A WAY OF LIFE

Admissions DirectorEnders IslandMystic, Connecticut 06355

by Jim ColapricoInterior renovations on the

White Gravenor building are near­ing completion and the buildingwill be ready for full occupancyby the start of the Fall '74semester, according to the Officeof Planning and Physical Plant.The completion date is August 1.

"As we stand now we areahead of schedule. The first andthird floors are practically com­pleted and we should be finishedwith them by May 1, a monthahead of time," commented DavidDoyle, Director of Engineeringand Design.

Doyle attributed the need forrenovation to a number of prob-

Blacks PlanAware·nessHilltop Week

, *.~., .. '- , ..

Mr. Jack H. Bridges and Dr. Sevinc Carlson. both of the Center forStrategic and International Studies. participated in an energy forumsponsored by the School of Business Administration. (Photo by FrankBerryman)

Classes Now Forming

rounding Wounded Knee.""If we can prove that the

F.B.1. did install the wire taps, allcharges against the major defend­ants will be dropped, and the casewill be thrown out. We want thecase to continue so that we mayfurther expose the F.B.I., the U.S.Government, and the Bureau ofIndian Affairs. We predict totalvictory within two weeks," saidMitchell.

Local District A.I.M. repre­sentatives were on hand to sup­port Mitchell. One activist talkedof the real awakening of Indian­ism on the East Coast. He accusedthe U.S. Government of practicinggenocide on Indian population."Indians are thirsting for oneanother to develop cohesiveness.Unless things are changed there'sgoing to be an uprising. The U.S.owes Indians a tremendous debtand Indians are here to collect it."

When asked about the purposeof the A.I.M. Mitchell answered,"To practice the old ways, therituals of Indian lifestvle and toclear up the white m'an's prob­lem."

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Indian Problems StemFrom White Society'

(Continued from Page 1)concerning 29 people were with­held from the defense." Accord­ing to Mitchell, "it is alleged thatthe F.B.I. illegally installed wiretaps. The main perpatrators ofWounded Knee include the Ca­tholic Church who is the largestand holder on the reservationand the John Birch Society whobacked the 85 ranchers sur-

ATTENTION NEW DONORS: Please makeappointment for initial donation to facilitatemedical examination by our physician.

WARNING:William A. Gallagher of the American Security Bank (Georgetown

Branch) warns that a woman has been passing bad checks to studentsin the Northwest D.C. area. The woman is described as being 5'5",black, very gracious, well-dressed with a scar on her cheek. She hasreportedly been approaching students and explaining that her boss isout of town and has left her with no cash. The third-party checks aresigned "Clifford Johnson," and the woman endorses them but onlyher first name "Priscilla" is legible. The checks have not exceeded$50.00 as of yet and G.U. Treasurer George R. Houston said that noGerogetown students have been involved to his knowledge.

George Behan

Bridges stressed the discre­pancy between supply anddemand, and explained the draw­backs of proposals to alleviate theenergy shortage through the ex­ploration of coal and shale re­sources or the use of new sourcesof energy such as nuclear, solar,and geothermal.

The energy forum also in­cluded a speech by RepresentativeMelvin Price [Democrat-Illinois},Chairman of the Joint Committeeon Atomic Energy. in the CopleyLounge on Wednesday, March 27.

Price stressed the seriousness ofthe energy shortage. "Our energycrisis, besides having the usualcrises characteristics-seriously af­fecting the health, welfare andsecurity of our nation-has anadded bad dimension: it willprobably last about a decadedespite our best efforts."

Price cited coal and nuclearenergy as "the only two areaswhere we can do somethingsignificant," and urged that plantsutilizing these energy sources beconstructed as soon as possible.He also advocated the setting ofnational goals toward generatingcapacity and the co-operation ofindustry in developing new energysources.

Price set 1985 as a reasonabletarget date for U.S. self-suffi­ciency in energy production.

the peace and stability of the areais a threat to the world's oilsupply, and is damaging to boththe Western powers and the Gulfstates," she said.

Dr. Carlson warned that aglobal confhct could result fromthe intervention of major powersin the area for their own interests.

Bridges claimed that the energycrisis was a "three phase affair":the first phase-disbelief, thesecond-a search for scapegoats,and the third-a sensible attemptto find a solution. He also statedthat the country was still in thesecond phase.

"What we are trying to do isconvince the public of theurgency of the problem so theywill postpone the 'court-martial'phase until some sensible solu­tions are found," he said.

"If we don't face up to theproblem, we will find that we'vemade some very serious long-rangemistakes."

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by Greg KitsockOil resources in the Middle

East and the national energydilemma were among the topicsdiscussed at an energy forum heldin the Hall of Nations of theWalsh Building on Tuesday, March26.

The forum was sponsored bythe Academic Committee of theSchool of Business Adminis­tration. Speakers included Dr.Sevinc Carlson, Director of Legaland Energy Studies at the Centerfor Strategic and InternationalStudies, and Jack H. Bridges,Director of National Energy Pro­grams, CSIS.

Dr. Carlson said that thePersian Gulf States account forover a third of the total oilproduction of the world, and thatthe U.S. may have to depend onthe area for Over 50 per cent of itsoil by 1985. Dr. Carlson alsostressed the economic dependenceof the Gulf states on oil.

"In view of this, any threat to

,

."

Page 4 The HOYA Friday, March 29,1971

editorial

Established January 14, 1920

Down in the Valley

News Feature StaffLee Brooks. Lauron Lewis. Ted Sweeny

ProductionGary Blass. Jeanne Curuus, Jeff DeLaurentis. Linda Gasparello

NewsGeorge Behan. Jim Colaprico. John ReelS Coogan,

Bob Daly. Jeff DeLaurentis. Mike Grosso.Joe Lacerenta, Grec Kitsock. Rod Ruck.ro , Ann LoLordo.Cynthia Burns McDonald. Barbara Mulder. Tamara Penn.

Jan PranKer. Russ Rosen. Scott Wendehn

(The foltouiing is reprinted from the 1971 issue of Exposure. 1nit, former B.S.A. Chairman Conan Louis speaks of Black AwarenessWeek, about to be repeated once again at the Hilltop next week andof the role of blacks at Georgetown and in society at large. -Ed.)

The third accomplishment of the organization in the second yearof its existence was the continuation of "Black Awareness Week."This was established the preceeding year. It did not turn out ascompletely as planned because of many unforeseen difficulties, suchas speakers not showing up. But parts of the program were verysuccessful and did lead the organization to a conclusion. It wasdecided that one week was not enough, and that in the followingyear, an attempt would be made to perpetuate a "Black awareness"the whole year through.

But it is more than interesting to note that the organization isexpanding as Black students on this campus are expanding. AndBlack students are expanding in two directions. The key word isawareness. They are not only expanding their awareness in terms ofBlack, but they are expanding their total awareness as people, and asstudents at Georgetown University.

Not only are they beginning to branch out into the WashingtonD.C. community to help Black people in the city, but, for the firsttime, Black students are beginning to be heard and not just seen onGeorgetown's campus.

A post has been created by the new president of the StudentGovernment on his staff for a member of the Black Student Allianceto keep him informed as to the sentiment of the Black students oncampus. This means that Black students are a part of theundergraduate student body, an integral part and not just tokens.

People are begining to find out that there is an organization calledthe Black Student Alliance. And next year, with an increasedpopulation of Black students on campus, the organization will havean even bigger voice, and will become an organization which is vital,not just for the Black students, but for the University as a whole.

rostrummed school aspirants will attest. What isneeded is a modem approach by the nursingcommunity, accepting a more advancedcurriculum rather than the mindless sort ofcomputerized scores as the ultimate test.

Of course it remains for the NursingSchool to search itself, making sure that itscurriculum is indeed advanced. However,future nurses or lawyers or doctors or PhDcandidates who have successfully learned onthe undergraduate level should not beimprisoned by blind adherence to thestandardized scores.

arming the force stems from a lack of trust inthe ability and judgement of these men whileunder pressure.

With the lives of security personnel and thesafety of campus residents at stake, perhaps acloser look by the administration is war­ranted. Perhaps the dangers feared by grantingarms could be overcome by a more rigoroustraining program, one which would assure thecommunity, moreso than at present, of thecompetence of the security force.

The S.E.C. Comptroller admits that guide­lines were not followed in handling the funds,and that no books were kept during theperiod that the thefts occurred. Normally onewould be drawn to the suspicion that theS.E.C. was covering something up; it is onlythe apparent incompetence of this group thatmakes such a pathetic performance plausible.

Student Government Comptroller RichBurke has complained that, "Unfortunately acloud will continue to hang over StudentActivities. "

At this point a mere cloud of suspicionshould be welcomed by the Wizards ofFinance down at S.E.C.• as a major coup.

With the recent excitmg chase of severalarmed bandits on University property (seestory, page 1), the issue of arming the securityguards of Georgetown's Protective Serviceneeds to be raised.

The reason for arming the securitypersonnel is obvious: Can one expectadequate protection if the men charged withguarding the University are left defenselessbefore ruthless killers?

On the other hand, the argument against

Last Sunday, Student Government endedits exhaustive investigation into the $4,695theft of S.E.C. ticket receipts. The officialconclusions of the investigation were thatthey could not narrow the list of suspectsdown from 20 or 25 people.

There were two reasons why StudentGovernmen t was unable to track down thetheft. The first was that the money was keptin a file cabinet to which numerous andsundry people had access.

Secondly, the logs kept were so sketchyand incomplete as to be useless. One cannothelp but be impressed with the S.E.C.'sresponsible handling of money.

Blind Security

Up in the Clouds

The recent poor showing of Georgetownseniors on the National League of Nursing'sBoard of Exam test raises a very disturbingpoint: either the Georgetown curriculum isunsound, or the test administered is out oftouch with reality.

Georgetown's Nursing School has consis­tently ranked as one of the better schools ofits kind In the nation. To accuse it ofproviding a delinquent education IS notjustifiable.

It may well be that the testing service isoutdated, a sentiment to which many law and

THE BOARD OF EDITORS

The HOY A is published eacn week of the academic year (with the excep tion of holidays and examination periods).Sub8Cription rate: $7.50 per year. Add1'f!ssal/ correspondence to The HOY A Georgetown University, Washingron. D.C.20007. Telephone (202) 625·4578. The HOYA is composed at Polygraphic Composition Corp., Washingron, D.C., andis printed at the Northern Virginia Sun, Arlington, Virginia.The writing, articles. tayou t, pictures and format art! the responsibility of the Board ofEditors and do not necessarilyrepresent the views of the Administration, Faculty and Students of the University unless specifically stated. Signedcolumns represent the opinions of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the editorial position of this newspaper.The University subscribes to the principle of responsible f1'f!edam ofexpression for our student editors.

Diane RogOZinski,Arts EditorAnn Ford, Photography Editor

Kathy Flynn, Copy Editor

Ken Zemsky, Editor-in-ChiefWayne Saitta, Production Manager

PhotographyFrank Berryman. Assistant to the Editor

Moses Albert. Chris Arndt. Medhl BazarganTalia Chernetzky. Rich Delmar. Stuart Garfinkle. Pammy Gort,

Kei1h Kine. William McCloy. PaUl Morris. David Schrleberg. Barbara Stott

Editorilll A ssistan IsScott Campbell. Michelle Dalmass. Allyn Fluke.

Sue Murphy Diane Ninnie. Marie Tuite

CopyBernie McAniff. Jane Mueller

CartoonistKen Friedricks. Neal Scriptunas

BusinessLou DeMille. Rosemarie Loffredo. William Henry Tlmmennann

SportsArlene Banks. Tom Blanco. Bill Corey. Brian Devaney Diane DevereuxBill DISesa. Mary Flannery. Steve Friedman. Bob Gll&~ Eileen Gilroy

Ned HoCl1ll: Bill Holloran, Gree Kenny. John M~Gowan. •Maryanne Montaomery. Elise NUlLent. Jay Rosenstein.

Bob Rousset, Sylvan Sobel

ColumnistsIvan Katz. Ken Koenie. Jerry Mercuri. Jim Nalle

ArtsPerry Bach. Rich Blbrle. Brian Brenan. Rick Friedel.

Ken Glick. Adrienne Kinll. Fred Kohun. Steve Krawczyk. Krista Lane.Marvin Laulhlin. Robert McEwen. Kile W. Ozier. Henry Sbaffer. BUI Spencer

Joanne Slabach, Business ManagerKatie Sibley, Advertising ManagerMucia Van Dyck, Ofrl£e /rfarulgerPaul Maisto, Circutation Ma1Ulger

Rev. Edwud Bodnu, 8.1., Moderator

Chuck LloydBill MaysJack Shea

Contributing Editors:

LuryGordonKen Koenig

Melaine Biero$, News EditorAndy Lang, Features EditorDiane Burkin, Assistant News EaitorAnne Hugaden, Sports Editor

Peter Morris, Associate Editor

Tim BrownEd BucciarelliPatrick Early

Friday, March 29, 1974 The HOYA Pege 5

letters

THETHREE

MUSKETEERS"I HAVEN'T HAD SUCH A GOOD nME

AT A NEW MOVIE IN YEARS:'Peter IogdanovlChNew York MagaZine

COURSE

Anne D. SullivanAssistant to the Dean

WatergateBlues

Arise

Drinkers PROFESSIONAL

BARTENDING

CAMPUSTRAVELS

CALL: 337-121124 hours a day

MUSICEllen Dicks. former member of theCommunity for Creative Non­V,olence and for the past ninemonths entertainer at Cahill's 'rlshBar on P St IS now taking studentson gUitar. Violin. plano and voiceCall at 232-4966

AT GEORGETOWN UNIV.

REGISTER-STUDENT CORP.

-HEALY BSMT.

town do work in their summers;many work part-time during theacademic year. All the morereason for having some tolerance,understanding, and appreciationfor the work being done aroundthem by others.

I apologize for writing in anger(though not for writing), andbeing more sarcastic than'I neededto be. One must answer extremeswithout falling into the same traponeself.

To the Editor:The Georgetown Young Demo­

crats wish to thank the studentsof Georgetown for their participa­tion and cooperation in the recentopinion poll concerning the im­peachment of Richard Nixon. Theinterest of the campus is mostencouraging as we noticed a severedecline in involvement, as well asa general feeling of apathy,following the defeat of GeorgeMcGovern.

Looking towards an active yearin 1974, the Georgetown YoungDerns have installed their newofficers and executive board fornext year. Now with the Water­gate and impeachment issues, theoff-year elections of 1974 shouldprove most decisive for thepolitical future and structure ofthe United States.

Once again. we will providevoter registration information forGeorgetown students in theirrespective states. We will also beasking for volunteers for can­vassing, fund-raising, and elec­tioneering. To coordinate Demo­cratic activities at Georgetown,workers are needed now forplanning, as well as volunteers forregistration and freshman orienta­tion in September. If you wouldlike to join our organization,please contact us c/o Box 1043,Hoya Station.

Jane M. AndreasenPresident, Georgetown Y.D. 's

Tom CarterVice President

JustWant to

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when we've been up, had some­thing to eat, and recovered ourequilibrium, second thoughts dooccur. Hopefully, we gain per­spective. Most of the noisy jobs inthis world (garbage collection,construction, housekeeping,maintenance, etc.) are scheduledin early (or evening) shifts: theHousekeeping Staff at George­town works from 6:00 a.m. to3:00 p.m., starting long beforeoffice workers and students arise,and leaving long before officeworkers go home.

As for dirt, 1 generate a greatdeal of it myself, as do all humanbeings. And students at George-

we exaggerate. The conflict isalways between an exaggerateddream and bitter reality."

Aguilar discussed his theoryconcerning Cuban history fromcolonial times until Castro'srevolution. "When Fidel came,"he said, "he was to be a newBolivar; he would liberate notonly Cuba but the continent, notonly the continent but the wholeThird World. The exaggerateddream has returned."

Aguilar said "the Cubans havemoved to the far end of theirpendular motion to bitter reality,for that reason I might say thatFidel represents the best andworst of Cu ba. "

Commenting on Cuba's Sovietdomination, Aguilar noted "ifthere is a new rapprochementbetween Cuba and the UnitedStates, it will not be what Fidelwants, but what the Russianswant."

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tone similar to his. 1 believed hisargument was patently false (hewas saying the Housekeeping Staffwas inefficient without sayingwork was not being done; inef­ficiency was equated with maidsvacuuming and cleaning the bath­rooms at a schedule he foundinconvenient), and should not bepassed over without a word ofprotest.

Certainly all of us have expe­rienced a moment of rage whenawakened by the sound of agarbage truck or some otherear-splitting noise, and firmlybelieved it was done deliberatelyto wreck our sleep. By noon,

1741 PENNSYLVANIA AVE., NW~Conv•.ni.nt to AU)

by Michael GrossoDr. Luis E. Aguilar's lecture,

"Cuba, 1973, Prelude to Revolu­tion," marked the fourth part ofthe six lecture series "Cuba andRevolution: Past and Present."

The lecture, held in CopleyHall Tuesday evening was sponsor­ed by the Georgetown LatinAmerican Studies Program, theLecture Series Fund Commissionand the Cuban Students Associa­tion, and focuses primarily on thepolitics and economics of Com­munist Cuba.

Dr. Aguilar, an associate pro­fessor of History at the George­town School of. Foreign Service,strayed from his topic whose titleis that of his latest book. Hespoke instead on the little ex­plored theory that "Fidel Castrowas a symbol of the best andworst of Cuba. The Cuban peopleare very close to the Spanish incharacter, and like the Spanish,

CastroDominatesTalksHeld in Cuban Forum

letter, so 1 could not reread his,too.) You have certainly alertedme to the dangers of answering inkind. 1 know that 1 felt very angryupon seeing M. Kelly's letter, thatI responded immediately (withinthe hour), and that 1 adopted a

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Frid8V. March 29. 1974 The HOYA

StudentandForeign Affairs

I A Structure of Peace'By Janet Barsy

"If we are going to achieve the lastingpeace which we seek, and if we are going toleave behind a foreign policy tradition thatwill be carried on on a nonpartisan basis insucceeding Administrations, we have anobligation to explain our philosophy andpurposes and policies to the public... Wewill do our best to conduct foreign policyin as open a manner as is consistent withthe goal which we all share..."

Dr. Kissinger's commitment to a dia­logue between the public and the foreignpolicy-makers, as expressed at the pressconference following his nomination asSecretary of State, has caused considerableexcitement among persons interested in theconduct of foreign affairs.

Ambassador Carol C. Laise, AssistantSecretary of State for Public Affairs, hasthe job of bridging the gap between thepublic and' the policy makers. As the firstwoman Assistant Secretary in the StateDepartment, she brings with her animpressive background of distinguishedservice in the field of internationalrelations.

A career Foreign Service officer withthe rank of Career Minister, she served asAmbassador to Nepal from 1966 to 1973.Among her other assignments in the StateDepartment, she was Country Director forIndia, Ceylon, Nepal and the Maldive

Islands in 1966, and Deputy Director, thenDirector of the Office of South AsianAffairs from 1961 to 1965. From 1956 to1961 she served as First Secretary in thePolitical Section of the American Embassyin New Delhi.

Ambassador Laise is married to Ells­worth Bunker, the former U.S. Ambas­sador to South Viet Nam. They are thefirst husband and wife in the history of thediplomatic corps both to serve as U.S.Ambassadors. "I have always felt theForeign Service is a good career forwomen," said the Ambassador. "They canmake their own opportunities success­fully. "

Asked who formulates foreign policy,the Ambassador said: "It is a difficultquestion to answer, not because it is socomplicated, but there is always a dif­ference in perception. Under the Constitu­tion, the Presiden t has the responsibilityfor making foreign policy. The Congressalso has a role as a participant in the policymaking as it gives advice and consent toappointments. They have the power of thepurse and the Senate has to ratify treaties.Through general legislative functions, it hasa definite role.

"Much of the process of foreign pohcyis a negotiating process between foreigngovernments. It is a very pluralisticsystem. It is not something that has onestrand, but many strands."

The role of the embassies often is

under-emphasized in diplomatic relations.These information gathering and opera­ting arms of the Department of Stateinterpret events abroad and report back toWeshtngton.

"For example, the Ambassador to Nepalis relied on for advice in developingrelationships, but don't forget they have [,ambassador here too. The substance of ourrelationship mainly centers around notpolitical matters but economic matters. Wehave been trying to help III the develop­ment of the agricultural. educational,health and other basic ingredian ts neces­sary for the welfare of their people,"

This aspect of international relations isnot the most widely publicized in the U.S.To most of the public, the foreignpolicy-makers are an intangible elite whoformulate their policies in an ivory towerwithout considering the views of the publicat large.

"The whole question has to do with thepurposes and goals of a democratic society.Future shock is upon us. Things arehappening so fast. We are overloading thecircuits with information."

The processes of governmen t anddiplomacy have been well enough establish­ed over the years so we certainly Know howto deal with the nuts and bolts. but towhat end? Ambassador Laise feels WI' nee dto define domestically and internationallyour sense of direction as a country, beforean effective partnership can i>f' initiated.

"Initially, America went through atA'riod of isolationism and keeping theworld at bay. Then a period of globalismfollowed where we tried to solve all worldproblems. Now we have retreated or atleast come back to the position from oneextreme or the other to where interests andresponsibility require a middle kind ofcourse.

"There can be no sense of defeatism,"concludes Ambassador Laise. "We mustrecognize our responsibilities. How do youcharacterize what we stand for? To build astructure of peace."

AMBASSADOR CAROL lAISE

Compare U.S., Foreign EducationBy Bill Mays

Most students at Georgetown have beenprepared for their studies by a system ofAmerican schools, public and private,specifically designed to help them functionsuccessfully at American colleges anduniversities. The transition to life atGeorgetown has therefore been fairly easyfor most.

However, there is a significant numberof students on campus who have notfollowed this conventional course ofpreparation. Instead, they have come toGeorgetown after taking much (or all). oftheir grammar and high school educationabroad in school systems whose style anddirecti~n have often been different fromthose of the schools in this country.

They have thus been faced with theproblem of accommodating their pre­liminary education to the requirements oftheir studies here.

For example, Peri Neilson (SFS'~6)before returning to this country to. fint~hhigh school, lived most of her life In

Burma Indonesia and Switzerland. InGenev~ she attended an internationalschool with classes run in both English andFrench.

Speech ProblemsRegarding difficulties faced upon her

return, she commented, "I did have oneparticular problem: my patterns of speechwere too formal at first, though theysmoothed out after about one semester.

"And the attitudes of many at schoolhere were snobbish, because I could speakanother language and all. In fact, it washarder to adjust back to schools inAmerica than it was to go from countryto country But it was really interesting tocome back and learn about America."

Asked to comment on the differencesbetween schools here and abroad, Peri said:"The school at Geneva was at a level aboutmidway between a U.S. high school andcollege. Between seventh and ninth grade Ihad to take two hours weekly in each ofBiology, Chemistry and Physics, beforechoosing one on which to concentrate.

"When 1 came back 1 had to go toprivate school. The level of the school I'dleft was such that 1 was pretty much forcedto-there was no other way to findcomparable facilities in French and His­tory, and I ended up skipping a grade,anyway."

When asked if her previous work had infact over-prepared her for study at

Georgetown, she replied, "No, not really. Ifound the work at Georgetown to be aboutthe next step-up 1 expected. Certainly Ididn't find it boring, or too easy.'

Made in JapanSteve Duffy (SFS'75) was born in

Japan, and lived there until he came toGeorgetown. Asked about his own ex­periences at school there, he said, "I wentto a school run by the Marianists, whereEnglish was spoken, even to Japanesestudents. The school was geared towardspreparation for college in America: that'swhy I attended. The Japanese students,hoping to go on to a university there,would generally take a year off afterfinishing, to study further for the com­petitive placement exams.

"I've really had no problem in adjustingto school in America. I felt absolutely noculture shock. The curriculum here isbasically the same and, just asbefore, therearc certainly plenty of 'foreign' studentsand professors.

'·1 don't see things in terms of beingJapanese or American. As far aspeople go,nationality makes no difference to me.Neither do changes in food or time zones. Ig\lpss I'm really adaptable."

Angela (SFS'76) and Erik (C'77) van

Nispen, both of whom are Dutch nationals,speak English without a trace of accent.But before coming to finish their studieshere, they attended a grammar school inRio de Janeiro, which offered classes inEnglish and an American style curriculum.

"All along we had the idea we would beeducated in English, so things sort ofnaturally brought us to Georgetown," saidErik.

"We'd face more of a problem going toa European school," Angela agreed.

"The basic problem with educationabroad is getting used to a differenteducational system. If you've had aneducation in one system it's difficult to beaccepted in another. Chances are you'll bedocked a year. no matter what, andnobody likes extra years of school," Erikcontinued.

But in spite of whatever problems theyhave faced, everyone interviewed enthu­siastically recommended study abroad toothers.

"I studied in Denmark last year. and itwas terrific to be able to travel to Franceor Belgium over a semester break," com­mented Erik.

"There is absolutely no substitute forimmersing oneself in another country orculture," affirmed Peri.

Page8 The HOYA Friday, March 29, 1974

Vanderbilt and ImperialismIndustrialist 'Colonised' NicaraguaTo Get Country's Canal Rights

Walker's filibustering days with the simpleexpedient of a bullet.

The news of his death stirred up littleemotion in the United States, alreadyabsorbed in the beginnings of a civil warand in no mood to mourn the passing of athree times defeated filibusterer. The moodof the country had changed. Few ardentexpansionists were left in the government.The slavery question which was not ofmajor importance when Walker had firstleft his native Tennessee for California inthe 40's had completely crystalized by the50's.

Much of Walker's support, whichoriginally had been in the North, desertedhim when it became clear that he was

Vanderbilt revenged

himself on Walker

planning to reintroduce the slave trade intoNicaragua.

It was thus that long before theRoosevelt corollary and government inter­vention, and long before ITT and itsChilean machinations, American capitalistswere exerting their influence in SouthAmerica. It was the self-interest ofVanderbilt which was responsible for theaid Walker needed to succeed, and whichfinally deprived him of the aid he neededto survive.

And in the end, the right of transitreverted back to Vanderbilt who thenreceived a monthly stipend of $58,000from his former economic rivals to keepthe route inactive, and who proceeded withthe Atlantic and Pacific Mail Company tomonopolize all transit to the West Coastthrough their railroad in Panama, thefJu'ci.clll ~p()ut!Pl~nt tP.. ~ragic llWry,

~.,

~a 0 i.\

\ ,,- ,• -....

~.

Walker was executed by one of his Latin American enemies.

mitted the cardinal error of his career whenhe revoked the charter of Vanderbilt'scompany in favor of a group of rivalfinanciers. Hearing of Walker's action andthe betrayal of his former associates whowere behind the new comapny, Vanderbiltswore his revenge both upon the financiersand Walker.

InvasionSoon after this action the delicate

balance of tensions that had been existingin Nicaragua was broken as the Costa Ricanand Honduran armies invaded Nicaragua.Walker's "puppets" tired of the role andset up a rival government.

Soon Walker was fighting a confedera­tion of all five of the Central Americanrepublics aided by the British and theconsiderable financial support of Vander­bilt. Even against these odds, Walker,receiving aid from the new owners of thetransit concession, held out until 1857. Inthe end it was the efforts of Vanderbilt,who organized a counter-filibustering ex­pedition which captured Walker's steamersand effectively deprived him of reinforce­ments and supplies, that forced hissurrender. In capturing the steamersVanderbilt achieved a double purpose forhe both revenged himself and drove thenew owners of the transit concession outof business..

Nicaragua, which was to be the scene ofWalker's activities, was important for onlyone reason in the mid-nineteenth century.A chain of rivers and lakes split the state intwo except for a 12 mile stretch of land onthe Pacific coast.

Nicaragua was thus looked upon as themost favorable site for a canal to link theAtlantic and Pacific Oceans and con­sequently became of great importance tothe British navy and emerging Americaneconomic interests seeking links with theestablished East and new acquisitions onthe West Coast.

In 1850, Vanderbilt, also known as"The Commodore," secured the rights tothe construction of such a canal. When hissurveyors informed him of the imprac­ticality of such a route, he set up acompany to build a road over the 12 milestretch of land and steamers to conveypassengers through the rivers and lakes ofNicaragua.

There has been considerable controversyover the role that Vanderbilt or themanagers of his Accessory Transit Com­pany played in dispatching Walker toNicaragua. Certainly they would profitfrom a stabilization of the Nicaraguanpolitical scene, and they did supply Walkerwith considerable aid once he had estab­lished himself in the country. There is nodoubt that it was the efforts of Americancapital that allowed him to succeed in hisambitions.

Walker TakeoverWalker wac; formally invited into Nica­

ragua by one of the two warring politicalfactions within the country. After initialsetbacks caused by his poor militarymanagement, he managed to capture thecapital city and take over the government,setting up a puppet regime of friendlypoliticians. With the aid of reinforcementssent by Vanderbilt, Walker succeeded inconsolidating his position.

However, at this juncture Walker com-

Janet Zoe Barsy, EditorAndy Lang, Layout

Student andForeign Affairs

STAFFStephen Mathias, Bill Mays, David Murphy, Pia Newman, John Sciortino,

David Smith, John Wetter

SAFA is a supplement to The HOYA, which reserves the right to edit lettersfor space limitations. Editorial and business offices are located in Room26-Loyola, phone 625-4405. Correspondence should be addressed to: SAFA,Box 1606, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20007.

The writing, articles, layout, pictures and format are the responsibility of theBoard of Editors and do not necessarily represent the opinions of theAdministration, Faculty and Students of the University unless specificallystated.

By John SciortinoThe decades before the Civil War in the

United States have been called the era ofManifest Destiny. 'Young America' hadreached adolescence and was flexing itsmuscles. A desire to spread the 'Americansystem' seized the nation and found itsexternal manifestation in the Mexican war,the Ostend Manifesto and most visibly andviolently in the activities of the so-called"filibusterers," men who evaded theneutrality laws of the United States byforcibly attempting to "colonize" or"regenerate" other American states.

The last and greatest of these adven­turers was a southern doctor, lawyer,journalist by the name of William Walker.Called the "grey-eyed man of destiny,"Walker, between the years of 1855 and

Walker proclaimed

himself President

of Lower California,Sonora andNicaragua1860, launched four expeditions intoMexico and Nicaragua, proclaimed himselfat various times President of LowerCalifornia and Sonora, and President ofNicaragua, captured the states of Nicaraguawith an initial force of only 56 men,almost caused a rupture in Anglo-Americanrelations and was in the end defeated onlyby the combined efforts of five centralAmerican republics, the American andBritish navies and the considerable in­fluence or the greatest American indistrialmagnate of the time, Cornelius Vanderbilt.

Further ExpeditionsWalker was detennined to make a

political comeback. Receiving the aid ofJohn Law, another American steamshipmagnate, Walker organized two furtherexpeditions. The first expedition failedwhen the members were forcibly removedfrom Nicaragua by the American navy. Thesecond ended with Walker's capture by aBritish captain who turned him over to oneof his bitterest enemies, Guardiola, the

'--- .-;,. .......-.....__......__....................... ...__....... ~~•.~U;londuAII, wbo 19.tuna ended ..

Friday, March 29,1974 The HOYA Page 9

Bismarck and Wilson:Two Strong Men

By David Smith

Strength of character may be a neces­-ary quailty for those pursuing a diplo­matic career; certainly diplomacy hasattracted its share of strong men.

One method of examining the influenceof personality on diplomacy is to considerthe careers of two of the strong men ofrecent history: Otto von Bismarck, Chan­cellor of Prussia (and subsequently Impe­rial Germany) from 1892 to 1890, andWoodrow Wilson, President of the U.S.from 1912 to 1920.

Both Bismarck and Wilson were strongmen, and there are many similarities andinteresting contrasts in the careers of thesetwo men. Bismarck is known to history asthe "Iron Chancellor:" Medlicott, in hisbiography, refers to Bismarck as "vindic­tive, dominating, a violent man, and a-plendid judge of political opportunities."

History sees Wilson as the stiff-necked,willful Calvinist whose uncompromisingattitude reacted with the RepublicanIrreconcilables to doom American parti­cipation in the League of Nations.

Sink the BismarckII Bismarck stands as the epitome ofI diplomatic Realpolitik. and history providesI the image of a cool, rational schemer~ whose devious mind knows no morality

and works onlv for the benefit of Bismarckand Germany ~ Bismarck is the championand master' practitioner of the "OldDiplomacy."

Wilson rl'garded the holocaust of WorldWar I as the product of the machinationsof the "Old Diplomacy" (albeit practicedby diplomats of far less talent thanBismarck), and thus Wilson set himself upas the champion of a New Diplomacy,peaceful, open and moral, which wouldraise diplomatic practice, and thus interna­tional affairs. to a much higher (and safer)plane.

New Diplomacy ChampionThus the champion of New Diplomacy

stands opposed to the master practioner ofthe Old, representing diametrically op­posed methods of diplomatic practice. Yetin personality the two were very similar.

Both tended to ignore the representative; assemblies of the countries thev represent­

ed. Bismarck could afford this, for the

German Diet had far less power than theUnited States Congress. Wilson's poorrelations with Congress were his downfall.

Both men were one-man foreign ser­vices. Wilson had little confidence in hisSecretary of State, Robert Lansing, andwas sharply criticized for his poor prepara­tion and unwillingness to delegate autho­rity at Versailles.

Bismarck also liked to keep his owncounsel, leaving Berlin for months to live inseclusion at his country estate.

Both men, interestingly enough, endedtheir careers in disgrace. Bismarck wasdismissed by Emperor William II, whoproceeded to violate some of Bismarck'scardinal rules of diplomacy. while Bis­marck fumed, ignored, if not forgotten.

Wilson, of course, ended his term inoffice a broken man, physically andmentally, while the Senate gave his brainchild (the League) its death blow. Bothmen could receive some tragic satisfactionfrom history, in that in each case therepudiation of their policies by lesser menled to World War.

Here. then. are two strong men,examples of different methods of diplo­macy, remarkably similar in their per­sonalities. How can the two be distinguish­ed, and why did Bismarck's system endurefor forty years, while Wil~on 's never reallygot off the ground?

Key ConceptsThe answer seems to Ill' 111 two key

concepts: flexibihty and a realistic under­standing of the limits of a situation.

Bismarck had both. WIlson had neither.Bismarck could be verv flexible: in the

episode of the Ems tel~gram. Bismarckchanged what could have been a diplomaticdefeat to a diplomatic victory. by beingflexible enough to react rapidly to achanged situation.

Better examples can be found inBismarck's relations with his Emperor andwith the German Diet. In both cases. a veryproud and willful man could and wouldback down, assume a conciliatory posture,change his direction when it suited hispurpose. This quality of flexibility reflectson Bismarck's second quality, his under­standing of the limits of a situation.Bismarck's diplomacy reveals this.

After his conquest of France, he saw thegrave danger of any further Germanexpansion and settled down to preserve

the German gams by building a strongGermany and a working diplomatic system.Before embarking on either 01 his wars,Bismarck was careful to pave the way withsecret agreements to ensure that Germanywould have a clear preponderance 01 forcewhen war broke out. Bismarck wasflexible, and realized his limits.

Wilson InflexibleWilson had neigher of these qualities.

His inflexibility on the League has beennoted many times. A slight change ofposition on Wilson's part could have savedmost of his program. Instead he lost all.

But it was his inability to see hi~

limitations that perhaps caused thrs rnis­take. If Wilson had understood how strongthe "Old Diplomacy" idea still '...'as in theminds of Europeag leaders. and how strongisolationism was in the minds of Americansenators, then perhaps greater flexi btli tywould have resulted.

It i~ a function of history to Judge. andin weighing the balance between Bismarckand Wilson one is forced to put Bismarckfirst. as having the quality necessary loagreat statesman: flexibility, but -noreimportant, a clear understanding of thelimitations of a situation.

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Friday. March 29,1974 The HOYA Page 11

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students, under the direction ofChaplain Laetitia Blain, R.J.M.,have joined a tutoring program atthe D.C. Jail.

The program, originally begun

No Bars to Charity

Students Join Jail Servicesociety.

After undergoing a thoroughorientation, the tutoring groupworked with individual inmates.S;,.,l,er Blain described the expe­rience at the prison as a "learningprocess for myself and thevolunteers." She also felt that theinmates were beginning to showsigns of motivation and that thework done now must "maintainthat interest."

Sister Blain expressed the needfor additional volunteers to insurecontinued success in the program. II

In order to alleviate theirboredom and to display their !abilities, the inmates have started ',;Ifthe publication of a monthly ,magazine, with articles ranging Sr. Laetitia Blain, R.J.M. is coordinating a program for G.U. studentsfrom radical poetry to stories on who would like to help tutor in the D.C. Jails. (Photo by Frankprofessional sports. Berryman)

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•

Page 12 The HOYA Friday, March 29,1974

arts

•, }, i

However Brooks' unabashedcomedy is his strength. In 'DonRickels' style he attacks Jews,niggers and women but in sodoing he relieves the tension oftoday's high pressure living.

Bob Gage

Now ShowinglK-BBARONET

7414 'N1sc AVE; 056-3400 -

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"'BLAZING SADDLES' ISPUREINSANITY! IT'S SO FUNNY TBAT

IT BAS TO BE EXPERIENCED.IT IS TIE FUNNIEST THINGSINCE 'SOME LIKE IT HOT'."

-REX REED, New York Dally News

-<:iENE SHALIT. NBC-TV

MUWDY, GAUDY, .YPER-RlP,IBREYEBDT;OUTRAGEOUS- ANErrBAORDINABY aUUn" OF

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"'BLAZING SADDLES' IS ATERRIFIC MOYIE••• IT WILL MAKE

YOU LAUGH UNTIL YOU'D ILUEII TBE FACE."

Sex is responsible for themovie's R rating. And Brooksdoesn't neglect vulgarity either.As the bad guys are preparing tolevel the town, they have a mealof beans and franks, a simplygaseous state!

Film

A Brooks' Ribald ComedyBLAZING SADDLES. K·B Baronet

In Blazing Saddles Mel Brooks(writer and director) lassoes theclassic western and drags it, andeverything else, through the mudof ribald comedy.

Jewish Indians, a black sheriff,fondly called 'nigger-ass' by thetowns-people, a villain who cares­ses the naked statue of blindjustice and a governor who spendshis time watching out for hissecretary's two babies, lampoon allthe myths John Wayne evercreated. For pure entertainmentand laughter it may be the bestmovie since It's a Mad Mad MadMad World.

Brooks' (known for his crea­tion of Get Smart) jolting styleappears soon as bad guy HedleyLamarr (that's Hedley not Heddy)wants to drive the people fromRock Ridge so he can buy theland and sell it to the railroad. Heconsults his henchman (SlimPickens who is appearing in his130th western) and they decide tohire a group of badman to destroythe town. Meanwhile Lamar getsa black sheriff, Bart Black, todefend a white town that hatesblacks.

However, the sheriff rallies thepeople and then in a knock down,drag out fight they defeat theirinvaders, but not before the fightspreads off the set of BlazingSaddles to half the sets of WarnerBrother's studios.

And once the work is done, thesheriff dismounts, leaves his horseto an attendant, climbs into ablack limousine and rides into thesunset.

Ethic humor is high, as inmost of Brooks' work. OriginallySlim Pickens suggests that wipingout Rock Ridge by killing the firstborn male in each family. HedleyLamarr dismisses the idea as toojewish and the black sheriff isonly able to subdue the gang'sGoliath by posing as a bellboy andbringing him a candygram filledwith dynamite. Bart Black iscalled a nigger so many times theshock effect is lost halfwaythrough the show.

For FurtherInfonnation Call:

628-2750

Get Into It!

Buda~_.-....

BUDGET NOW RENTS TO COLLEGE STUDENTS

Tired of sitting in the dorm? Like to go out and nothings? Budget Rent-A-Car can help. Budget rentsG.M. cars. Stop by any Budget Rent-A-Car officeand pick up a form.

. The ending is the best part ofthe movie, so I won't spoil it bytelling you. But poor Alfredo justnever seems to win, where womenare concerned.

Director Pietro Germi has donea great job with the scenes ofItalian domestic life. There is agreat graphic scene where MariaRosa and her family suck on theheads of the fresh fish they havefor dinner every Sunday after­noon, as Alfredo looks on, nause­ated.

The soundtrack is in Italian,with Dustin Hoffman's voicedubbed in. The English subtitlesare well done, short enough to bereadable before they flash thenext scene on the screen, yet longenough to let you know what isgoing on at all times.

Alfredo, Alfredo is a tribute toDustin Hoffman's acting skill. Heis just as excellent in a foreignlanguage film as in all of his otherfilms. Go see Alfredo, Alfredo;you will not be disappointed.

Krista Lane

Dream Girl WatchingALFREDO, ALFREDO. OuurCircle.

Radical feminists won't likethis movie. Male chauvinist pigswill. But no matter what yourpersuasion, there is no denyingthat Alfredo, Alfredo is a veryfunny movie.

Dustin Hoffman (looking verymuch like AI Pacino in Italy fromThe Godfather) stars as AlfredoSbisa, frustated girl watcher. Henever has the nerve to meet thegirls he watches, always resigninghimself with "better this way ..."Better this- way, that is, untilcourtesy of his best friend, hemeets Maria Rosa (Stefania Sand­reIIi), the girl of his dreams.

The romance is on, and a wildchase it is. Alfredo has troublefrom the start, not being able todecide if he should risk a kiss(again he consoles himself, "Whenin doubt, abstain"). Love lettersand calls arrive with such fre­quency that he has nightmaresabout it. One poignant dream hasMaria Rosa calling to ask what heisdoing. "I'm taking a crap" hereplies. After the inevitable fightand reconciliation, while MariaRosa lies sick from the lack of hislove, Alfredo finally decides tomarry her.

It doesn't take long before thehoneymoon is over. Maria Rosawants a baby to cure her boredombut she has trouble getting preg­nant, so Alfredo has to take timeoff from his work at the banktwice a day, on doctor's orders, toattempt to remedy the situation.

One of the funniest scenes hasa waiter running through the bankwi~ a double eggnog. When heaskes who it is for, the workersshout out "Sbisa! If he doesn'tdrink it he'll never make it!" Hedoes, and it is Maria Rosa'spregnancy that provides him withhis means of escape. Relegated tothe dingy basement room, wherehe paints pictures of escapingbirds, Alfredo discovers a backentnnce and meets the lovelyCarolina.

Excellent Hoffman

Fridly, March 29,1974 The HOYA Page 13

entertainmentWanted: Book Fetishists!

Maroin Laughlin

University ofCalifornia,Santa Cruz

SummerLanguageInstitute

Sum r LangUIIge InstituteUnlv lty 0' CaliforniaIanta Cruz, CA 95064

Offers intensive eight-weekPrograms In

Beginning CHINESEBeginning and

Intermediate FRENCH

Beginning andIntermediate GERMAN

Beginning andAdvanced RUSSIAN

Beginning andIntermediate SPANISH

June 24 - August 16, 1974(eight weeks)

Up to 15 quarter unitsUniversity credit

Tuition $340

Deadline May 15thTelephone: (408) 429-2952

For information about thrsprogram write to:

George M. 8.nlgs.n,Coordinator

collectors, the owners opened theshop in order to finance th irhobby. It has turned out to be. I

exciting and rewarding ventureI strongly recommend you visit

Booked Up, and urge you to takesome money along. Every time Igo down (just for a look around,thank you), I end up buyingsomething. The hours are asinformal as the atmosphere iscasual, but either Ms. Carter orMr. McMurtry is usually therebetween 10:30 and 4:30 Tuesdaythru Saturday.

President Nadine Brackenstated the theme of the group."ThE.' members of the GeorgetownUniversity Gospel Choir havecome together under the auspicesof the whole Georgetown com­munity to bring joy and enrich­ment to Georgetown's academicenvironment and to strengthenthe ties of student with student,University with community, andabove all, individual with God."

The program will begin withthe invocation by the Rev. Ed­mund G. Ryan, S.J. There willalso be a special tribute to EdwinHawkins sung by the Choir.

The evening will prove to be amemorable occasion. The concertwill begin at 5 p.rn., in DahlgrenChapel on Sunday, March 31.There is no admission fee.

many works, all in hardback, forvery modest prices. For instance, Irecently obtained an excellentedition of Hemingway's FirstForty-Nine Stories for only twodollars, which is much cheaperthan the paperback edition. Butagain, as in the case of the newstore, there are books coveringevery subject imaginable.

This shop is perfect for bud­ding collectors, or for those whowould just rather have a goodhardcover edition instead of aflimsy paperback.

As is the case with many

After appearing in both Balti­more and Washington, the George­town University Gospel Choir willpresent its first campus concert.

The Choir was organized lastfall by two Georgetown students,Gerald L. Elston (C'76) andJoseph L. Coleman (SLL'76), toencourage cultural and socialexchanges by all people. It haswide-spread support by all groups.Focused on no singular religiousorganization, the Choir provides amulti-denominational appeal.

First Campus Concert

Good news for book lovers!Novelist Larry McMurtry and hispartner Marcia McGee Carter haveexpanded their first edition store,Booked Up, opening a new storedirectly across the street from thepresent location at 1214 31st St.Booked Up has been in existencefor about three years and hasgained the reputation as one ofthe finest shops of its kind in theWashington area.

The new store, located nextthe the Post Office, is a handsomehome for the many hundreds ofvolumes in stock. One can findanything from a first edition ofThe Great Gatsbv to the collectedworks of Thomas Hardy. Whileworks of fiction are predominant,Booked Up's stock includes awide range of titles, on suchvarious subjects as the nora andfauna of North America to mysti­cism in eighteenth century Eu­rope. It is a truly fascinatingcollection.

While prices in the new storestart at about $15, many volumesare first editions or the really rarebooks that tend to be a littleexpensive for student collectors(Gatsby sold for $100).

The owners plan to operate theold store as a kind of poor man's(or student's) refuge. They willprovide good reading copies of

Om- lx-autiful man. Hi ......torv i ... true.

20th Century· Foxpresents A MARTIN RITT/IRVII~G RAVETCH PRODUCTION Also starring

PAUL WINFIELD and HUME CRONYNDirected by MARTIN RITT Produced by MARTIN RITTand HARRIET FRANK. JRScreenplay by IRVING RAVETCH&HARRIET FRANK.JR Basedon the bookThe Waler IS Wide by PAT CONROY

~l:.~:'~~~~~ MusocJOHN WILLIAMS PANAVISION· COLOR BY DE LUXE' ~

Now Showing!

"Variouspeoplehave beenscrewingup my name. It'sa swell name. It belongedto a bartender, a minister,a classics scholar, and aburlesque queen. It's Conroy,not Conrack, but ifyou wantto call me that, go ahead.I'm beginning tolike the sound ofit:'

JON VOIGHTIS

~...It~

Oiva: A Musical Outrage opens March 29, with performances March 30,31 and April 4, 5, and 6, at Trinity Theatre, 36th & 0 St., N.W. Ticketsare $3.00 and $2.00.

Page 14 The HOVA Friday, March 29, 1974

•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •• •: UNIVERSITY CENTER HEALY BASEMENT :• •• •: THE :• •

iCEITEI PUB ~• •: ANNOUNCES ":• •: A MONTH OF EN1·ERTAINMENT :.• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •: CENTER PUB INTRAMURAL DRINKING CONTEST :.• •• - WE REGRETFULLY HAVE CANCELLED THE DRINKING CONTEST. •· .0• ALL ATEMPTS TO CONTROL THE EVENT HAVE FAILED. •: - THE ORIGINAL PURPOSE OF THE CONTEST WAS DEFEATED BY WHAT TOOK PLACE. :• - WE APOLOGIZE TO ALL CONTESTANTS, EMPLOYEES & PATRONS WHO WERE INCONVENIENCED. •• •• •• •~ .• •• •: CENTER CAFE COFFEE HOUSE :: SATURDAY, MARCH 30 :

: OPEN DAILY 1. RICK SWEENEY :

: lOAM 1 AM 2. JOAN KENNEDY :• - 3. NANCY RUBENSTEIN & JON •

: QUALITY FOOD 4. ~:~~~tL~2MS BLUEGRASS :

: AT BAND :

• FREE COFFEE & COOKIES •

: REASONABLE PRICES PROGRAM ROOM _ BEGINNING AT 9 PM :

• •• •i UNIVERSITY CENTER HEALY BASEMENT i• •.........................................~ ......................•••••.................:.

I Friday, March 29,1974 The HOYA Page 15

Tourney Trivia

BASEBALL: Friday: at Cath­olic, 3:00 p.m.Saturday: Colgate, 1:00p.m.Sunday: Delaware, 1:00p.m.Monday: American, 1:00p.m.Wednesday: at Maryland,3:00 p.m.

GOLF: Friday, Saturday,Sunday: Nags Head In­vitational, Nags Head,North CarolinaMonday: Navy, 1:00 p.rn.Tuesday: D.C. III at Amer­ican, 1: 00 p.m.Wednesday: Hopkins,Widener at Hopkins, 12: 30p.m.

LACROSSE: Univ. of Mary'land, Baltimore Campus,2:00 p.m.Monday: Loyola, 3: 00p.m.

TRACK & FIELD: Saturday:Atlantic Coast Relays,Raleigh, N.C., 12:00 p.m.

SporfsMenu

hobbled by that ailment of all too manyGeorgetown diamond aspirants, beer gut. Ourmanager says it is not our rippling muscles.

Defense is solid. Our first baseman lookslike Greenberg and fields like Throneberry.Third base boasts a former Student Govern­ment politico. Maybe that's why he throws socrooked.

Night if falling and we are in extra innings,knotted up at 22 all.

Bring us home Shea." (Strike three)"Houi'd you like to be a soprano?"

We lose a few in the glare of the moon anddrop a 25-22 heartbreaker. Next time ... dowe really have to do this five more times?Georgetown, blessed with baseball teams ableto bathe in the Florida sun and millions ofstudent dollars, has provided us with amassive seven game schedule, which is only155 less than a major league schedule. I hopethe varsity Hoyas had a nice time in Florida.

AJI of a sudden I feel hoarse after onlyeight innings: I kiss the coach, shakecountless, friendly hands. The winners go offto celebrate. The bastards!

We go off to celebrate anyway, notwanting to give up what we've just lost.Playing with people each of us has come toknow and in many cases to love, we've lostthe Georgetown blues, the law school blues,worries over photo deadlines, exams, twomiles of gas left and three miles of roadbefore the next station not on E ...

For eight innings all that mattered was thegame yelling, laughing, cursing, cheer-ing we were kids again.

And that's why we celebrated, and whywe'll do it again next Tuesday and probablynext year and the year after that and the yearafter that ... for the umpteenth year,whether at Georgetown or not. That's whywe'll make fools of ourselves, feel the achestomorrow morning, feel the effects of toomuch Schlitz dark and one Lauinger night toomany on 21 year suddenly old bodies ...Because when we do it, we'll be kids again.

"Hey coach. you gonna shower u-itn us :"

desperately to even the score. Thefinal result was 59-57, Rvan­Maguire, thus making th£>m' thefirst freshman team ever to winthe intramural championships.

Last Monday, the intramuralchampions squared off in thelong-awaited Schaefer ExtramuralTournament. The Georgetownrepresentatives met up with atough club from Federal CityCollege in the first round, and lost:39·33. The freshmen vow to comeback even stronger next year,however. and repeat as titleists.

TIle Capital Centre champion­ships mark the culmination of theefforts of Athletic DirectorFrancis X. Rienzo and IntramuralDirector Greg Schulze to boostthe Hilltop Intramural program.

The intramural department I~

presently occupied with softball.which got underway last week.The early stats show Second NewNorth and Ryan-Maguire off tofast starts.. ..

by Ken Zemsky

"C'mon Kannibal, put 'er over. Let's hold'em under 20 runs. ..

For the umpteenth year in a row, we'vefielded a softball team, this time under theauspices of the Georgetown intramuralprogram. It is the second game of the season;we dropped the first game, 30-4. We are not avery good team.

Now it's about the third inning and we'rebehind 15-0. We rally in the top of the fourthto narrow the bulge to 15-1 and I startwondering what I'm doing here.

After all, this has got to be the mostmotley bunch of players since Uncle Robbie'sDaffy Dodgers of the thirties, who made suchplays as sacrificing three men onto third base.This is a very unique play in baseball. Themanager wears a skirt, which I have neverknown Yogi Berra to do. However, she looksnicer in a skirt than I expect Yog would.

The intramural department tried to wreckour plans (not to mention Gloria Steinhem's)by not letting us field a cooed team. Ofcourse, girls would merely turn the game intoa farce; no team would stand a chance andwould just clown around. That's why onlyall-male teams are allowed. Our all-male teamlost the first game 30-4.

Undaunted, we assembled the sexiest,cutest coaching staff in baseball today.

"Melaine, you coach third base; Diane, yougot first. ..

"I don't know how to coach third. .."Just stand there and tell the runner where

the ball is . . . NO, DON'T STAND ON THEBASE!"

Inspired by our Harbin cheering section weunleashed a 21 run attack to go ahead 21-15.The tying runs came in on a unique play; theleftfielder lunged for a soft fly and fielded theball with his chest.

"Say hey, Chuck, rip one. ..These seem to be very offensive contests.

That is either because of our rippling musclestearing into the ball or because of fielders

Batting 1.000

The Coach Wore a Skirt

b)' Bill DisesaIn what was termed the most

exciting championship game ever,Ryan-Maguire squeaked past theRascals to take the Georgetownintramural basketball crown.

Led by sharpshooter EddieRyan, Rvan-Maguire coasted pastFourth Old and New North andthe Panthers to reach to earn theright to meet the Rascals, whodominated independent competi­tion.

The first half was a seesawbattle marked by aggressive de­fense , which ended up knotted at24 all. Follow ing the 10 t.erlT'i~siol1.

the Rascals pulled awa~ to aneight point lead, only to IX' uvd j'l

the last minute of rr gulauon pl.i) .

Ed Ryan hit two key frh' throwswith only seconds remaining tosend the game into overtime.

Finally, after five minutes ofpressure-packed basketball. thegame ended in a scramble for aloose ball as the Rascals tried. ... . '.. . ".' - .

1M Hoopsters StaggerIn Schaefer Tourney

" ,

•

. ,

PH ILOSOPHY CLUBOF GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY

PresentsA Conference on

Philosophy and ReligionIII the Hall of Nations.

Georgetown UnIversIty onMarch 29·30. 1974

vaulting, judges awarded Amber,Suzanne and Margo second, thirdand fourth positions out of fifteengymnasts. For best all aroundgymnast, Amber St. Clair achievedsecond place behind a CatholicUniversity performer.

Coach Disario was displeasedwith the quality of judging at thisMarch meet. Although the girlsdid an outstanding job, accordingto the coach, their loss developedgreater team spirit, and they aredetermined to beat Catholic.

•

6) Name the team and year ofUCLA's last NCAA basketballtournament loss (prior to thisyear):

a) Texas El Paso (19651b) T£>xas Western (1966)c) Houston (1968)

71 Which team has copped themost N.I.T. championships?

a) St. Joseph's Collegeb) N.Y.U.c) St. John's Univ.

8) Which team won the firstCon f'ere n c e Commissioner'sbasketball tournament?

a) U.S.C.b) Indianac) Purdue

9) Which conference was the lastto have won two post-seasontournaments in the same year?

a) Big Tenb) Atlantic Coastc) Pacific Eight

10) How many teams will com­pete in next year's NCAA basket­ball toumament?

a) 24b) 16c)32

l)b: 2)a: 3)b: 4)b: 5)c: 6)b: 7lc: 8)b: 9)a; 10)cAnswers:

1) Which team won the firstNCAA basketball championship?

a) Kentuckyb) Oregonc) Wyoming

2) With the exception of UCLA,which team was the last one tocompete in three consecutiveNCAA basketball finals?

a) Cincinnatib) San Franciscoc) Kansas

3) Which team faced UCLA inthe 1972 NCAA basketball finals?

a) Memphis Stateb) Florida Statec) Jacksonville

4) Which year did Georgetown goto the NCAA basketball tourna­ment?

a) 1939b) 1943c) 1952

5) What is Georg£>town's recordin NCAA basketball tournamentplay?

a) 0·1b) I-Ic) 2·1

Ki5ife i precious... I00

give it a chancei, Birthright526-3333

I Alternatives to Abortion .J" ., -~ 50 ••~...

GymnastsLookingTo Stop Catholic

Ti~OUt

r ~., ;....." . "-:."

..~.J'~ ~*" ... ".,'".,....Softball action is currently dominating the intramural scene, and manyteams remain undefeated as the season approaches the halfway point.(Photo by Frank Berryman)

(Continued from Page 161

In the uneven bars event,I Sophomore Amber St. Clair

I, posted third out of fourteen.Tanya Russ, Suzanne Carr andSt. Clair merited second, third and

~ fourth place, respectively out oftwenty participants on thebalance beam. Margo Mattimoreand Amber received fourth andfifth ratings in a field of eleven inthe Ooor exercises.

In the fourth main event,

.,

Friday, M.ch 29, 1974

the offense by contributing atriple and a single in five at-bats.

This is no time to dip, however,as the Hoyas are about to enterinto the busiest part of theirschedule. This afternoon, Nolan's 'nine travels cross-town to face theCardinals of Catholic University.

The team has come under somecriticism because of the Florida \trip. Detractors fail to see theneed for the University to par­tially fund a trip to the tropicsover the Spring break, whereasteam enthusiasts argue that thewarm weather was essential inprepping for the season, ratherthan waiting for the cold weatherto leave the D.C. area before beingable to practice.

After a flying start in Florida,the Hoyas seem to be flounderingin their first two games, addingammunition to the critics' arsenal.

Georgetown will return to thefriendly confines of the Hilltop toplay a doubleheader against Col- ,gate tomorrow, and then single­tons vs. Delaware and Americanon Sunday and Monday. Thehectic week will be topped offin a meeting with the Univer­sity of Maryland Terrapins onWednesday at College Park. Afterall the action, the fate of thisyear's Hilltop sluggers will pro­bably be determined.

However, Nolan's diamond reocruits still have a long Springseason ahead of them and areconfident that the chance theyhad to limber up in Florida priorto the start of training at theHilltop will yield significant bene­fits.

The skeptics will be watchingas the Hilltoppers open a weekendhome stand.

f

Jimmy Connors, the premier player on the U.S. indoor circuit thisseason, is the top attraction at next weekend's third annual GeorgetownInvitational.

well despite a nagging knee injury.Mattingly only yielded three runsduring his 6-1/3 inning stint, andall of these were unearned. Forcedto leave the game after facing onebatter in the seventh due to thedevelopment of a blister, Mat­tingly was replaced by reliever AlWalker.

Walker allowed two runs to tiethe score at 5·5, and then wasvictimized by a two-out, three runhomer in the bottom of the eighthinning which lost the game.

The loss was certainly a toughone to endure, as the Hoyas hadjumped out to an early 5-0 lead.The hitting attack was headed bythird-baseman Eddie Stakem, whohad a three-for-five day, includingtwo RBI's. Rightfielder FrankD'Ambrosio had two hits in fourat-bats, one of which was atwo-run homer. Captain firstbaseman John Lacci also sparked

by Jack SheaCoach Tommy Nolan's Hoyas

are probably wishing that theystayed a little while longer inFlorida, since the Spring seasonhas begun on a dismal note.Georgetown dropped the first twogames to District rivals Americanand George Washington, by scoresof 10-4 and 8-5, respectively.

Against American, an earlybarrage of unearned runs vic­timized pitcher Frank D' Ambro­sio, and the margin was too muchto overcome. Coach Nolan was"very pleased" with the initialeffort, however, because a numberof key players were out withinjuries. The Hoyas did not playas badly as the score indicated,and a rejuvenated squad waslooking forward to reboundingagainst George Washington.

Mike Mattingly drew the start­ing assignment against theColonials, and pitched extremely

G. W. Chops Down Hoyas;Nolan~Nine DropsSecond

••••••_r·,

GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY, WASHINGTON, D.C.

Coach Madeleine Disano's Hoyette Gymnasts are currently preparing to get revenge on Catholic University inthe D.C. Championship Meet. (Photo by Frank Berryman)

Trampoline and tumbling events,although not counted in the allaround team score, are part of thecompetitions.

(Continued on Page 15)

1l~sportsPage 16

Hilltop GymnastsAwait Title Match

by Bob GageRoyal Globe Insurance Company's $10,000 will provide the financial foundation for the

competition between the top eight players scheduled to compete in the Third AnnualGeorgetown International Tennis Championship, it was announced earlier this week. Thissudden sponsorship offer will relieve the financial pressure from the Students of GeorgetownInc., the original sponsor of the tournament for the benefit of the Vince Lombardi ResearchCenter. in the District area. This agree- Five of the eight $1,000 boxes

The tournament's major draw- ment would have resulted in the have been sold, and only 18 outing card and top celebrity is the cancellation of the Lombardi of 61 lesser boxes remain. Jackbrash Jimmy Connors. Connors is tourney. However, Students of Leslie, president of the Studentthe number one ranking player in Georgetown Inc. filed an anti- Government, said of the studentthe U.S. and his winnings on this trust suit against the two organi- prices, "Students will be getting ayear's indoor circuit have ex- zations and immediately after- lot for the small price they'll beceeded $130,000. He has also wards they were granted a tourna- paying."successfully battled the domina- rnent. A series pass, c. vering admis-tion of Lamar Hunt's World This legal action also precipi- sion for all three days, is $5.00,Championship Tennis circuit by tated a break between Hunt's and a single day's ticket costsmaking the USLTA tournaments a group and the USLTA. The suit is $1.50. The tournament beginssuccess. If Connors wins this still pending, but the outcome Friday, April 5 with matches totourney, he has promised to could be a significant milestone continue over the weekend. Finalsdonate the first place prize to for relations between these two will be played On Sunday, April 7.Cancer Research. ,groups. The legal action was also

Connors will be facing stiff rumored to have frightened awaycompetition in the form of two prospective sponsors.German Davis Cup teammates, Schick has expressed an inter-Karl Meiler and Jurgen Fass- est in using Georgetown as a sitebender. Other entries include for their Schick Classic next year.promising Australian Ian Fletcher, The Schick tournament will pitcurrent NCAA champ Sandy the best players in the countryMayer, and seventeen year old against each other for oversensation Billy Martin. A bit of $100,000 in prize money, andlocal color will also be provided as would result in a T.V. contract asthe first round losers will team up well as significant publicity forwith local tennis pros for doubles Georgetown. Schick has donatedmatches. $1,000 for the players' party, and

The tournament's status has a successful tournament this yearnot always been this stable. would be a major step in landingEarlier in the year, a contract their classic.signed between Lamar Hunt's Ticket sales have been parti-WCT group and the USLTA cularly successful this year, ac-allowed for only one tournament cording to tourney promoters.

Lombardi Tennis TourneyNets $10,000 Sponsorship

by Arlene BanksHoyette gymnasts are now

practicing for the D.C. Champion­ship meet, being held this year onApril 6 and 7. Coach MadeleineDisario believes that her team willdefeat arch rival Catholic Univer­sity, and take the title. "Thisyear," she said, "there is more andbetter competition than ever, butthe girls are really working hard."

Five other schools are slatedfor the two day competition,including University of Maryland,George Mason, George Washing·ton, Gallaudet and MontgomeryCollege.

Anxious to maintain their fouryear win streak, the team entereda preliminary meet in early Marchto go over interpretations ofrequired rou tines. Competing atGallaudet College, Georgetowncame in second overall behindCatholic. Required exercises, thesame as the Olympic routines, aredesigned for the four main events,uneven parallel bars, balancebeam, noor exercise and vaulting.