Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 …reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/ETH121_Appeal.pdf · Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in ... July 2011 primarily

SECRETARIAT - 150 route de Ferney PO Box 2100 1211 Geneva 2 Switzerland - TEL +41 22 791 6033 - FAX +41 22 791 6506

wwwactallianceorg

Appeal

Ethiopia

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 Appeal Target US$1089157 Balance Requested US$1089157

Geneva Friday 10 February 2012

Dear Colleagues

Since September 2011 there has been increased fighting between the Sudanese Armed Forces and other Sudanese armed groups (mostly SPLM-N) in Blue Nile State and in South Kordofan in Sudan

According to UNHCR constant attacks in areas within Sudans Blue Nile state have driven a large number of Sudanese civilians to cross the border and seek shelter in the Kurmuk area of western Ethiopia In addition the Sudanese community are leaving the area for safety in Ethiopia in fear of a possible ground offensive

UNHCR estimates that about 20000 refugees have been registered in Ethiopia and that the number is expected to rise in 2012 to an estimate of 30000 new arrivals The refugees are in need of basic humanitarian services and also need livelihood activities to augment the ration

ACT Alliance member LWF DWS-Ethiopia is planning to intervene in this refugee assistance program in collaboration with both UNHCR and ARRA by providing WATSAN livelihoods and environmental conservation services for a period of one year The activities planned include Crisis phase-Water trucking proviosion of toilet facilities and waste pits provision of environmentally friendly stoves Intermediate phase- drilling of borehole for permanent supply of water to replace the water-trucking and livelihood activities in the form of backyard gardening The amount requested from ACT members is USD1089157 to match the grant of USD1624450 from UNHCR The total response is USD2713607

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2

Project StartCompletion Date February 2012 ndash January 2013 Reporting schedule

Reports due ACT Secretariat

Interim narrative amp financial 31st August 2012

Final narrative amp financial 31st March 2013

Audit 30th April 2013

Summary of Appeal Targets PledgesContributions Received and Balance Requested (US$)

Appeal Targets 1089157

Less PledgesContr Recd 0

Balance Requested from ACT Alliance 1089157

Please kindly send your contributions to either of the following ACT bank accounts US dollar Account Number - 240-43262960A IBAN No CH46 0024 0240 4326 2960A Euro

Euro Bank Account Number - 240-43262950Z IBAN No CH84 0024 0240 4326 2950Z

Account Name ACT - Action by Churches Together UBS AG

8 rue du Rhocircne PO Box 2600 1211 Geneva 4 SWITZERLAND

Swift address UBSWCHZH80A Please also inform the Chief Finance Officer Jean-Daniel Birmele (jbiactallianceorg) and the Regional Programme Officer Katherine Ireri of all pledgescontributions and transfers including funds sent direct to the implementers We would appreciate being informed of any intent to submit applications for EU USAID andor other back donor funding and the subsequent results We thank you in advance for your kind cooperation For further information please contact

ACT Regional Programme Officer Katherine Ireri (phone +41 22 791 6040 or mobile phone +41 79 433 0592) or ACT Deputy General Secretary Rebecca Larson (phone +41 22 791 6069 or mobile phone +41 79 376 1711)

Rebecca Larson

Deputy General Secretary ACT Alliance Secretariat

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 3

3

I REQUESTING ACT MEMBER INFORMATION Lutheran World Federation (LWF) - Ethiopia Program II IMPLEMENTING ACT MEMBER amp PARTNER INFORMATION The Lutheran World Federation Department for World Service ndash Ethiopia Program (LWFDWS-ET) is a humanitarian and development organization with 40 years experience working in Ethiopia in relief rehabilitation and development programs Currently LWFDWS-ET has project activities in Oromia Amhara Afar and Ethiopia Somali Regional States with focus on four strategic priority areas food security and sustainable livelihoods natural resource management emergency preparedness and response and capacity building LWF has been involved in emergency relief support since the early1970s In 2011 LWF-ET has implemented emergency response and risk mitigation interventions in four districts in Oromia region reaching a total of about 75000 drought affected individuals LWF has also been providing assistance to Somali refugees in Awbarre and Shedder refugee camps in Jijiga district in Eastern Ethiopia since 2007 and 2008 respectively In 2010 LWF expanded its operations into a third camp Kebribeyha Currently a total of around 41000 Somali refugees are hosted in these three camps where LWF with funding from UNHCR Finn Church Aid (FCA) and Church of SwedenSwedish International Development Agency (CoSSIDA) is working in the sectors of water supply environmental protection and livelihoods In 2011 LWF was requested by the Ethiopian government and UNHCR to provide emergency assistance to Somali refugees in Dolo Ado Accordingly LWF in partnership with members of the ACT Alliance has been providing assistance since July 2011 primarily in the areas of water supply sanitation and hygiene (WASH) environmental protection and natural resource management and livelihoods In collaboration with the Norwegian Church Aid (NCA) LWF has so far drilled thirty wells to date and is now constructing permanent water systems at the transit centre and Bur-Amino camp In an effort to support the efforts of other Implementing Partners (IPs) LWF and NCA undertook borehole drilling in other camps (ie Heloweyn Kobe Melkadida and Bokolmanyo) where Oxfam GB and International Rescue Committee (IRC) are responsible for the water sector LWF also intervenes in the areas of environmental protection and livelihoods in Dolo Ado Currently LWF is working with the Pastoralist Welfare Organization (PWO) - a local NGO with a considerable experience in working in the Somali region of Ethiopia ndash in its environment protection activities Some of these activities include growing drought tolerant tree seedlings (120000 seedlings in two nurseries) encouraging plantation of fruit trees capacity building activities such as trainings provision of alternative energy saving technologies reclamation of gullies and rehabilitation of denuded areas LWF also provides skills development trainings for livelihoods and plans to expand its livelihood interventions with further stabilization of the emergency in Dolo Ado III DESCRIPTION OF THE EMERGENCY SITUATION

Background

Since 1969 Sudanese refugees fleeing successive civil wars settled in the south-western part of Ethiopia Successive refugee influxes took place in 1983 1987 and the early 1990s necessitating the opening of five refugee camps in western Ethiopia - three in the Gambella Regional State and two in the

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 4

4

Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State The signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) in January 2005 between the Sudanese Government and the SPLMA ended more than two decades of conflict in Sudan and paved the way for Sudanese refugees to return home Since March 2006 UNHCR and ARRA assisted over 36000 refugees to repatriate voluntarily Three camps were closed as a result and by 31st of August 2011 the remaining two camps - Fugnido (in Gambella) and Sherkole (in Benishangul-Gumuz) - hosted nearly 27000 refugees 23700 and 3 400 respectively hoping to return home to the worldrsquos newest nation However the break out of hostilities at the beginning of September 2011 between the Sudanese army and the SPLM-N drove an estimated 35000 more refugees into Ethiopiarsquos Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State1 2

According to UNHCR air attacks in areas within Sudans Blue Nile state (including Bau Sali and Dinduro all located between Kurmuk and the Blue Nile capital Damazine) have driven a large number of Sudanese civilians to cross the border and seek shelter in the Kurmuk area of western Ethiopia In addition the Sudanese community are leaving the area for safety in Ethiopia in fear of a possible ground offensive

UNHCR estimates that about 20000 refugees have been officially registered and accepted into the transit camp in Adamazine (about 7046 refugees) and Sherkole and Tongo camps (each hosting more than 9000 refugees) in the Benishangul-Gumuz region Both Sherkole and Tongo camps have been declared full In addition ARRA and UNHCR have planned to close down the transit camp in Adamazine In order to relocate the 7046 refugees in Adamazine and to accommodate further influx from Sudan a new site called lsquoBambasi 2rsquo with a carrying capacity of 40000 refugees has been selected Bambasi 2 is located in the Bambasi district of the Benishangul-Gumuz National Regional State

UNHCR and ARRA initially undertook a needs-assessment which identified that there were gaps in providing basic humanitarian services and there were services provided below minimum standards In particular the availability and quality of water and sanitation livelihood activities and the status of the environment within and around the camps were found to be below the minimum standards set for humanitarian emergency responses LWF undertook further needs-assessment of its own to gauge the current situation of the camps and their surrounding areas the results of which are summarized below IV DESCRIPTION OF THE SITUATION IN THE AREA OF PROPOSED RESPONSE Current situation in the area of proposed response The Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State is one of the nine Regional Governments of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia It is situated on the western part of the country bordering South Sudan The arrival of refugees into this Regional State is expected to pose significant challenges to the host communities as sharing scarce resources and security concern would consequently create tensions among newly arriving populations and the hosting community Moreover environmental impact in the refugee hosting areas would undoubtedly be an issue that may need to be addressed along with assistance provided to the refugees These challenges constraints would increase as conflict in Sudan and outflow of population intensifies

1 UNHCR Ethiopia Refugee Emergency Update 18 November 2011

2 httpwwwallAfricacom article ldquoSudan Refugees fleeing to South and Ethiopiardquo Dec 12 2011

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 5

5

REQUIREMENTS and RESPONSE BY AGENCYSECTOR At the camp level UNHCR together with ARRA will engage in the following preparedness measures

Through UN and NGO partners they will seek to provide sufficient quantities of potable water for refugees This may entail the rehabilitation and drilling of boreholes and the construction of water distribution systems

Through partner WFP UNHCR ensures the pre-positioning of food rations and its replenishment

UNHCR with partners will also make efforts to preposition non-food items (NFIs) at the initial stage

In addition UNHCR through specialized NGO partners will organize trainings for ARRA partner organizations and refugees in running of essential services UNHCR will also review available truckingbus fleets and refine relocation plans with ARRA

ARRA as per its mandate will assume full responsibility in collaboration with UNHCR for the administration of reception centres andor camps Protection and security of the refugees as well as distribution of aid items will also be ARRAs responsibility

Participation of NGOs and UN agencies during the initial phases of the emergency would be encouraged in the understanding that these organizations would be working very closely under UNHCR and ARRAs coordination As the situation evolves and the emergency situation becomes more stable the need for the services of some NGOs would be carefully assessed

The following are key economic and social features characterizing the areas of proposed response (ie Sherkole Tongo and Bambasi camps and their surrounding environment)

a Water supply Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Bambasi 2 Camp

Water Supply

IRC and World Vision Ethiopia are given the responsibility of water supply and hygiene and sanitation promotion in Sherkole and Tongo camps respectively LWF is responsible for providing WASH services for the new camp in Bambasi 2 The objective of the water sector is to provide 15 liters (minimum) of drinking water per person and per day The means of providing potable water are pumping water from bore holes at the camp site andor trucking from the closest sources to reservoirs established to meet the needs of individuals at emergency standards3 At the initial stage of the refugee relocation from the transit camp to the permanent sites (Bambasi 2) trucks of 12000 liters capacity will shuttle water from the closer water sources to the distribution sites in the camp As a permanent solution boreholes will be drilled Pipes and fittings submersible pumps and generators will be procured and installed Reservoirs will be put up and water taps fixed at close proximity to the refugee dwellings

Bambasi camp has a carrying capacity of 40000 refugees However the current planning figure for this camp is 20000 For these many refugees and 6700 more people from the host community permanent water supply systems need to be constructed and sanitation and hygiene facilities provided Findings of the site selection mission conducted by UNHCR ARRA and LWF indicate that water sources for this site include nearby seasonal streams and one unseasonal river called Dabus shallow wells and deep groundwater boreholes

3 While UNHCR through UNICEF will effort to achieve a water tankering levels that meets sphere standards in this regard the remote location of

campsites combined with logistical and capacity concerns will make such a goal an extreme challenge during the initial operating phase

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 6

6

SanitationHygiene

The sanitationhygiene sector will ensure that refugees have access to adequate latrine facilities and garbage disposal areas to safeguard their health and also avoid environmental hazards The location and distribution of these latrines and garbage pits will be decided on the basis of the actual concentration of refugees on the entry pointsreception centers

b Livelihood The majority of the refugees from the Blue Nile State left home abruptly and in panic as fighting escalated in the middle of the night People did not know what to take along and what to leave behind Most refugees left their properties businesses and homes in shock They arrived along the border with only few assets to start life with Some refugees are reported to have gone back to collect the harvest from their farms and returned to the reception camps Others were traumatized to even attempt to cross back the border The main crops that the refugees cultivated include maize sorghum vegetable (sweet potatoes cabbage carrots onions etc) Livelihood interventions are thus essential part of their lives and occupation

Sherkole Camp

Sherkole Camp is the oldest camp where new arrivals were added to the old caseload of 3400 Refugees used to produce backyard vegetables (cabbages onions potatoes tomatoes and green paper etc) until most of them had repatriated The soil in Benshangul Bumuz in general is suitable for agricultural practice and refugees are keen to be productive to supplement their subsistent diet with home grown tubers and fruits However their land allocation is limited to their homestead plots (about 30 sq mts) on which only backyard garden is possible to grow

Vegetable and fruit productions therefore could only be grown for home consumption and little surplus for sell Along with the backyard gardening poultry is considered as a potential activity to supplement protein needs

The host community by and large has cordial relationship with the refugees There have however been conflicts in the past largely originating from sharing of resources The problem was resolved by the Ethiopian government through various community sensitization programs and security measures which avoided serious conflicts between the two communities

During the needs assessment process refugees identified income generating activities (IGA) as a critical need However there are no NGOs currently undertaking IGA interventions in the camp NGOs that used to provide various income generating activities in the past have stopped their activities since the repatriation

Lack of grinding mill is also reported as a critical problem in the camp The grind mill they previously used is broken and does not provide services As a result women are forced to travel far to host community areas to grind their food increasing their vulnerability for gender based violence

Tongo Camp

Refugees do not have access to energy sources for cooking and for other household activities Hence lack of household energy is a major problem that has not yet been addressed The problem is particularly acute given that refugees are provided with unprocessed foodstuff This situation has forced them to sell a portion of their food ration in order to purchase firewood from the local host community This has increased the level of tree clearing on one hand and seriously affected the nutritional status of refugees on the other as they sell a portion of their ration

Some refugees were engaged in petty trade while they were in Sudan Others were engaged in skilled and semi-skilled professions such as teaching and medical professions (eg as nurses) The availability of skilled manpower refugees can be self-support given the opportunity

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 7

7

Bambasi 2

o Refugees have not been relocated to Bambasi camp to date However given the level of similarity in livelihood predicaments in Sherkole and Tongo camps and that the refugees that will be relocated to Bambasi come from similar areas in Sudan to those in Sherkole and Tongo the findings of the need assessment on Sherkole and Tongo are used as proxies for designing interventions for Bambasi Further assessments will be made once the relocation process begins

c Environment

Sherkole Camp and the Surroundings

Environmental degradation mainly deforestation occurred in a large scale in and around the camp following the arrival of refugees twelve years ago The recent influx further exacerbated the level of deforestation in the area To mitigate the problem Natural Resource Development and Environmental Protection (NRDEP) ndash a government run project for environment protection in refugee contexts - has been undertaking various activities geared towards protecting the environment such as creating awareness regarding environmental issues and environmental rehabilitation and conservation activities both within the camp and its surrounding areas Specific activities of NRDEP include nursery development afforestation soil and water conservation backyard gardening farming both within and outside the camp and agro-forestry Environmental law has been established at the camp level which regulates the use of natural resources within the camp and the surroundings Regardless of all these efforts the environment is not properly protected and degradation continues to take place considerably

The only source of household energy in the camp is firewood and this serves as the primary cause for continued environmental degradation The refugees are not allowed to access firewood from the forests and yet they are not provided with alternative sources of household energy This forces refugees to sell portions of their food ration and buy firewood from the host community increasing the level of tree clearing In addition all refugee households in the camp use open stoves and a small number of households in the host community make use of fuel saving stoves

Some of the refugees arrived with their livestock (such as sheep and goats) though their number is not significant This has also contributed to the burden on the environment particularly by overbearing available grazing lands However further study is required to know the exact figure of livestock in the camp and the extent of their impact on the environment

Tongo Camp and the Surroundings

After the arrival of the refugees severe deforestation has occurred mainly due to the demand for firewood fodder for the additional livestock that came with the refugees and demand for wood for construction of shelter and small shops run by refugees This has posed critical problems on the catchment potential of the area especially on a major swamp that is now close to drying up The inadequate management and capacity of the local government to safeguard the environment against emerging threats has constrained mitigation efforts The mountainous character of the topography coupled with tree clearing and the resulting wind and soil erosion have wrought further degradation This calls for immediate intervention If the current degradation continues the negative impact on the environment and livelihoods of both refugees and the host community could be irreversible

Firewood is the main source of household energy both within and around the camp The use of fuel saving stoves has been promoted within the host community in the past (by NGOs) albeit not in an adequate and sustainable manner Although the level of awareness of the community is relatively high - particularly with regards to the management and protection of vegetation - deforestation and degradation are gradually taking place since firewood is still the main source of household energy

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 8

8

On the other hand the cooking practices of refugees suggest that they have not been exposed to fuel saving stoves Almost all of the refugees use open fire system4

For members of the host community settlement by refugees has brought about negative impacts as destruction and loss of livelihood ensued One such negative impact has been the deforestation of trees Firewood collection is an income generating activity for households in two villages around the camp Refugeersquos access to firewood has reduced the availability of firewood causing further tree clearings in the surrounding areas by the locals

Other environmental problems identified in a Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) conducted by UNHCR ARRA and IPs include indiscriminate land clearing and habitat destruction reduced availability of woody biomass overtime and possible over abstraction of fuel wood species resulting in threats to live indigenous trees

Bambasi 2

According to preliminary observations it is noticed that the vegetation cover of the area is considerably sparse Therefore the camp area is susceptible to serious degradation once relocation of refugees begins and wood is harvested as a source of fuel Additionally the topography of the region has a significant inclination exhibiting propensity for soil and wind erosion

Therefore immediate intervention is needed in Bamabasi especially by way of afforestation and construction of soil and water conservation structures

No effect has come about on the environment specifically because of refugees as the relocation process has not yet begun However the findings on Sherkole and Tongo coupled with the preliminary observations made are used for designing interventions for Bambasi II for now Further assessments will be made once the relocation process begins d Psychosocial Support

The well being of refugees cannot be restored with the provision of food water and livelihood alone The Sudanese people have suffered for two decades fighting the war of independence In addition to within the ethnic groups and when it was not the later it was with the cattle rustlers The Sudanese refugees are people denied peace and development Their self-esteem and self-reliance are damaged Social harm had occurred to them as they failed to attain self-sufficiency and lost their ability to control their destiny The communitiesrsquo ability to live full life with dignity is destroyed As if it was not enough recent attack was launched in Blue Nile State at a time when they were about to breathe a sigh of relief Consequently they are back to losing their property their assets and most of all the hope to engage in peaceful pursuit of the lives Their life is imbalanced again However considering the resilience of the community every opportunity can be used to get back their strength to tackle life all over again For this to happen LWF Ethiopia Program is considering to use the opportunity of implementing the sectoral activities to address the psychological (ie the mental the emotional and the relational) well being of the refugees Creating an environment that is conducive for healing is paramount in this process To implement this intervention staffs in the camps needs to be equipped with the essential psychosocial tools with the help of a trained expert in the field LWF Eth therefore requests a short-term (2-3 months) engagement of a Psychosocial Expert to train and prepare capable field staff on site at the beginning of the implementation of this appeal Training will be conducted though a process of on-the-job training Activities and measurable progress indicators will be established along

4 Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment in Assossa Refugee Camps and Transit Centers BGRS Joint Mission

Report 31 Oct to 4 Nov 2011

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 9

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Impact on human lives in the area of proposed response A total of 28 493 Sudanese refugees (10400 households) are currently receiving assistance in the two camps (Sherkole and Tongo) and in the transit centercamp in Benshangul Gumuz region as of January 28 2012 The number of refugees in the camps and the transit centre is summarized in the table below

Table 1 Sudanese Refugees in camps and transit centre as of January 28 2012

Settlement Current Total

Individuals Households

Sherkole Refugee Camp

9311 3959

Tongo Refugee Camp

12136 4363

Ad-Damazin Transit Centre

7046 2078

Total 28493 10400

Source UNHCR Assossa information sharing portal accessed February 1 2012 From the total refugee population the majority ie 521 are children under the age of 18 whilst those aged between 18 and 59 years of age account for 452 Elderly people constitute only about 27 of the total

Table 2 Sudanese Refugees in all camps disaggregated by Age

Age Male Female

0 to 4 97 9

5 to 11 111 108

12 to 17 64 51

18 to 59 266 187

60 plus 14 13

Source UNHCR Assossa information sharing portal accessed February 1 2012 Security situation in the area of proposed response The Sudanese Armed Forces have continued their operations in Blue Nile State and South Kordofan to push the SPLM-N back into South Sudan The impact of this offensive on the population movement and displacement is presently not clear However it is possible that it may trigger further refugee influx into Ethiopia It is also possible that small refugee groups that are supporters of SAF may opt to return Population movements are reportedly taking place from Blue Nile to Upper Nile (Southern Sudan) while movements to Ethiopia have subsided One speculation for the reduction in the number of influx into Ethiopia is that border areas near Ethiopia (Central and Northern Blue Nile) are under SAF control and SPLM-N supporters are avoiding going through these areas On the Ethiopian side of the border there are no reported security problems Relationship between refugees and host communities around the camps has been cordial to date When problems arose the Ethiopian government took measures to make sure they did not escalate In addition unlike other camps in the country (for example those in Dolo Ado) Sherkole Tongo and Bambasi are accessible well

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connected by road with Assossa the capital town of the Benishangul-Gumuz region and with Addis Ababa Location of proposed response

There are at present two camps (Sherkole and Tongo) providing assistance to Sudanese refugees in the Benishangul-Gumuz region of Ethiopia Sherkole is located in Homosha district 45 km from Assossa Tongo camp on the other hand is in Mao Komo Special district (117 km from Assossa) Both camps are located within Assossa zone of the Benshangul-Gumuz National Regional State In addition the new site in Bambasi district is 54 km from Assossa These three camps and their surroundings constitute the locations of the proposed response under this project

Nine humanitarian organizations are currently providing various kinds of assistances to the refugees including food shelter medication core relief items or NFIs water supply and sanitation protection and other services in the two camps and in the reception and transit centers These organizations are UNHCR UNICEF WFP Danish Refugee Council (DRC) the Ethiopian Red Cross Society (ERCS) IOM IRC RaDO and World Vision

ARRA and UNHCR are spearheading the planning and implementation of humanitarian response to the refugees and are also responsible for a number of activities including camp management provision of core relief items or NFIs temporary shelter registration and the provision of protection related services in the camps V TARGETED BENEFICIARIES Number and Type With regard to type of beneficiaries targeting differs with each intervention For the provision of WASH services in Bambasi 2 camp the entire refugee population and a portion of the host community constitute target beneficiaries For environmental protection and natural resources management in Sherkole and Bambasi 2 camps the entire refugee population (and the entire host communities around the camps) with the exception of the distribution of fuel saving stoves constitute direct beneficiaries For distribution of fuel saving stoves a portion of vulnerable refugee households as identified by UNHCR and ARRA (listed below) constitute target groups Regarding the number of beneficiaries 750 refugees (150 HHs) and 250 locals (50 HHs) are targeted in and around each camp (ie Sherkole Tongo and Bambasi) for livelihoods activities Therefore a total of 250 refugees and 750 locals are targeted for livelihoods activities Through environmental awareness creation and various conservation rehabilitation interventions the entire population of the two camps LWF will intervene in (ie Sherkole and Bambasi) and all of the host community around each camp will be reached For fuel saving stoves 1000 refugee HHs (5000 refugees) and 250 host community HHs (1250 individuals) will be targeted in and around Sherkole camp whilst 2000 refugee HHs (10000 refugees) and 500 host community HHs (2500) will constitute beneficiaries in and around Bambasi camp WASH services will be provided to 20000 refugees in Bambasi camp and 6700 host community members around the camp The guideline and code of conduct of UNHCR and SPHERE are used in designing the project

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 11

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Criteria for the selection Targeting particularly plays an important role for livelihood activities in all three camps As it is impossible for LWF alone to target all refugees in all camps for livelihood activities a portion of the most vulnerable households will constitute direct beneficiaries of the project following the UNHCR and ARRA formulated Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) LWF will work with Refugee Council Committees (RCCs) made up of volunteer refugees at each camp to select refugee beneficiaries including households with unaccompaniedseparated children older persons at risk women at risk single parents people with mental and physical disabilities people with visual and hearing impairment and people with serious medical conditions For the host communities around the three camps a portion of vulnerable groups such as female headed households orphans and the poorest households will be targeted in consultation with potential beneficiaries local government offices and other international partners

Table 3 Number of targeted individual refugees according to various types of proposed emergency activities

Camps and Host Communities

WASH Livelihood Environment

Camp Host Community

Camp Host Community

Camp Host community

Sherkole - - 750 250 Total Total (within district)

Tongo - - 750 250 - -

Bambasi 20000 6700 750 250 Total

Total (within district)

Total 20000 6700 2250 750 Total Total

VI PROPOSED EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE amp IMPLEMENTATION Goal

To contribute to an all-round support of Sudanese refugees in fulfilling their basic needs for their dignified living in Beneshangul-Gumuz refugee camps in Ethiopia

Objectives

To increase the refugee and host communityrsquos accesses to improved WASH services and build their capacity on WASH facilities utilization and management in and around Bambasi camp

To improve the livelihood and livelihood development skills of refugees and the host community

in and around Sherkole Tongo and Bambasi camps and

To improve the management of the physical environment of Sherkole and Bambasi camps and surroundings through natural resource conservation activities and practices

Activities

a To increase the refugee and host communityrsquos access to improved WASH services and build their capacity on WASH facilities utilization and management in and around Bambasi camp

Bambasi is a new site with a carrying capacity of 20000 refugees As this is a new site there is currently no water supply system in the camp In order to achieve the first objective 2

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 12

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boreholes will be dug for the provision of water to refugees and 4 hand dug wells will be constructed for the host community Three of the wells will be dug in areas within which the community lives and 1 in a primary school in the district near the camp This requires the installation of 4 submersible pumps (2 for backup) a short distance transformer and 2 backup generators For water distribution construction of 25 water points with eight faucet and drainage systems each and construction of reservoirs (2 with 100 msup3 carrying capacity each) installation of 15 km distribution pipeline and 5 km of pressure line will be carried out Distribution system work includes excavation and pipe laying Water trucking is planned for a maximum period of six months A total of 72 090 msup3 of water (ie 15 ltpersonday for 26 700 people for 6 months) will be trucked Sanitation and hygiene facilities are also lacking in Bambasi camp A total of 200 emergency latrines with four drop holes will be constructed for the first three months (with a ratio of one latrine block for 20 households or 100 people) In addition 250 semi permanent latrines will be constructed in the refugee camps and in the surrounding communities after three months as permanent structures with a ratio of 1 latrine block to 80 people Further there will be cleaning of wastes around water points and refugee compounds In addition 200 half barrels will be installed for solid waste collection A total of 10 donkey carts will be hired for disposal of solid waste when the half barrels fill 4 disposal pits will be excavated That is one disposal pit will be dug for a quarter and backfilling will be undertaken when the pit fills at the end of the quarter therefore a total of 4 pits in the year In addition 250 hand washing kits will be installed in places where latrines are constructed ie one kit for each latrine 61540 sanitary pads will be distributed to women Chemicals will be purchased and utilized to avoid odor around latrine pits and for vector control Daily monitoring of free residual chlorine will be conducted In order to avoid open defecation 20 rounds of awareness creation workshops will be conducted and 5000 baby potties will be distributed IEC materials will be used for hygiene promotion and mega phones with tape recorders and amplifiers (25 in total) will be purchased and used for awareness creation sessions Further 4 trainings will be organized for 26 community health agents and water and sanitation management committees (WASHCOs) will be set up and capacitated

b To improve the livelihood and livelihood development skills of refugees and the host community in and around Sherkole Tongo and Bambasi camps In order to improve the livelihood of refugees in the three camps Multi-Storey Gardening (MSG) for refugee households and backyard gardening for host community households will be introduced 450 refugee HHs in total (150 per camp) are targeted for MSG whilst 50 host community HHs around each camp (150 HHs in total) are targeted for backyard gardening Whilst this project is primarily aimed at providing emergency assistance interventions are planned to have sustainable impact as much as possible For this end trainings will be provided alongside the provision of inputs for MSG and backyard gardening to the same number of refugee and host community beneficiaries The rationale for doing so is providing refugees and host community members with long lasting livelihood skills

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 13

13

Note this livelihood activity (MSG and backyard gardening) is designed not only to assist refugees generate income but also to supplement their dietary intake with a view to improving their nutritional status As the emergency is at its early stages the nutritional status of refugees takes precedence over other considerations However other livelihood activities including bee-keepingfarming poultry small scale irrigation around a river bank in Bambasi fixing grind mills and tailoring have also been planned and proposed to UNHCR These will be introduced once the situation stabilizes

c To improve the management of the physical environment of Sherkole and Bambasi camps and

surroundings through natural resource conservation activities and practices In order to conserve and rehabilitate the environment in and around Sherkole and Bambasi camps four awareness creation (sensitization) workshops - two per camp - will be conducted for 180 participants (90 participants from each camp) Twelve sign boards will be set up six per camp and an environment celebration day will be held in both camps with the participation of 100 people per camp (200 in total) Four environment clubs will be established and capacitated two of the clubs will be established for and by refugees in Sherkole and Bambasi camps and two for the host community around the two camps In addition construction of 2000 linear meters of soil and water conservation structures will be undertaken in Bambasi to curb soil erosion Further 3750 fuel saving stoves will be distributed to minimize the use of open stoves Of these 1000 will be provided to 1000 refugee HHs in Sherkole camp 2000 will be distributed to 2000 refugee HHs in Bambasi camp 250 stoves will be distributed to 250 host community HHs around Sherkole and 500 stoves will be distributed to 500 host community HHs around Bambasi One central nursery site will be established and 100000 seedlings grown around Bambasi camp For building capacity of the host community in seed raising five nursery groups will be established to implement and oversee seedling production

Project implementation methodology The project will have its own personnel at the project level that will take the primary responsibility for effective implementation of the project The country office in Addis Ababa will ensure proper implementation of activities according to standard procedures For its interventions in WASH livelihoods and environment protection and natural resources management LWF will work with representatives of both the refugees and the host community in an ongoing process (in planningdesign implementation monitoring and evaluation of the project) It will work through existing structures such as Refugee Council Committees (RCCs) Women Groups and Youth Groups that operate within camps in all its activities pertaining to the project LWF will also set up and capacitate other forms of committees (such as water sanitation and hygiene management committees) in order to make sure that refugees and host communities are involved in and own all aspects of the project In addition LWF will engage as many refugee incentive paid volunteers as possible for its construction activities nursery development and other such activities that require unskilled and semi-skilled labor LWF will also work in collaboration with ARRA UNHCR local government offices and other international partners at every step of the project This will ensure coordination amongst actors joint monitoring of progress experience sharing and will avoid duplication of efforts Sphere and UNHCR standards and HAP principles will be actively promoted and adhered to Cross-cutting issues such as gender and HIVampAIDS are also an integral component of the emergency response

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 14

14

To ensure the delivery of a gender-aware response gender is mainstreamed along the project management cycle including planningdesign implementation monitoring and evaluation There will be a meaningful representation of women in the beneficiary selection process for livelihoods activities and implementation of all planned activities under this project will take due cognizance of the needs of women And as much as possible measures will be taken to have proportional representation of women and men in the project staff Contingent upon the availability of HIVampAIDS data the emergency response will mainstream HIVampAIDS by giving special attention to those living with HIVampAIDS during beneficiary identification and implementation of planned activities The principles of Code of Conduct have also been taken into account and as a matter of policy every single staff of LWF has to sign the LWF Code of Conduct regarding abuse of power and sexual exploitation upon acceptance of employment During staff orientation the Code of Conduct is reviewed and explained together with the LWF core values In addition the Code of Conduct will be translated in the relevant local language and communicated to the refugees and host community beneficiaries The Code of Conduct will also be posted visibly in office bulletin boards and project intervention areas such as food distribution sites To ensure accountability and transparency Complaints Handling Mechanism one of the scopes of accountability and HAP benchmarks will be implemented in all of the three intervention sites This will ensure that the target populations of the emergency response are well informed about what they can expect from LWF about their rights to complain if these standards are not met from LWFrsquos side and informed on how to complain Inputs for project implementation Table 3 Staff needed for the project and their roles

SN Position Title Quantity

1 Project Coordinator 1

2 Livelihoods Officer 3

3 Environmental Officer 2

4 volunteer incentive refugee animator 26

7 WASH manager 1

8 WatSan Officer 1

9 Water Technician 1

10 Psychosocial Expert (Secondee) 1

11 Hygiene and Sanitation Officer 1

12 Hygiene and Sanitation Promoter 1

13 Volunteer incentive refugee Community Health Worker

26

14 Water and Generator Guard 6

18 AdminAccountant 1

20 CashierSecretary 1

22 Store Keeper 1

23 Driver 4

24 Office Guard 6

25 Office attendant 2

26 Cook 2

Assistance to Sudanese Refugees in Ethiopia- ETH121 15

15

Materials needed for the project a For MSG and backyard gardening sacks soil cans hand tools (such as hoe wheelbarrow watering

cans and shovel) vegetable and fruit seeds and compost

b For a afforestation in Bambasi seeds (fruit and tree) hand tools watering cans grass wood

different size polyethylene tube

c For awareness raising (Environment) sign boards and IEC materials

d For household energy fuel saving stoves

e For water supply Submersible pumps generators centrifugal pumps spare parts for generators

and pumps drilling machine with compressor hand tools GIS 4 inch pipes GIS pipe 1 inch GIS pipe

frac34 inch HDPE pipe from 1 inch up to 2 inches in diameter pipe fitting and other accessories

materials needed for reservoir and water point construction (iron bars from 6 mm up to 12 mm

cement local materials like sand and stone etc) truck higher for trucking water fuel water

treatment chemicals emergency bladders with 10000 lt carrying capacity

f For hygiene and sanitation emergency and semi-permanent latrine construction equipments

(savanna grass eucalyptus pole PVC pipes with 100 mm diameters CIS different nails cement iron

bar from 6 mm ndash 12 mm timber hand tools etc) half barrels donkey carts cleaning equipments

(broomsticks detergents) baby potties chemicals IEC materials sanitary pads for woman hand

washing kits mega phone and tape recorders with amplifier

g For transportation cars motor cycles bicycles

The capital assets that will be installed by the project (offices residences and stores that will be constructed) will be the property of the community and will be handed over to ARRA for similar future use after the phasing out of the project Planning assumptions constraints and prioritisation The possible assumptions associated with the project are as follows

Good cooperation and support from UNHCR ARRA and other partners

Refugees and local communities are willing to actively participate in project implementation

Security remains stable

Project inputs are available at the local market in sufficient quantity and prices remain stable

Availability of water is ensured in the camps and the surroundings (for MSG and backyard gardening)

Government agencies are willing to provide the necessary support to refugee and host community

organized groups

No resistance from target groups to new hygienic practices

The strategies suggested to mitigate the negative effects of the anticipated risks are

Work through established coordination meetings and discussion forums to resolve misunderstands and submit activity reports and updates regularly to create a smooth working relationship with UNHCR ARRA and other partners

Organize project launching workshops for beneficiaries to create awareness on the objectives and activities of the proposed project In addition the project will work through established committee groups and community leaders (of both refugees and host communities) from the

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16

plandesign phase through implementation monitoring and evaluation of the project to ensure participation and ownership of the project activities by beneficiaries

Put in place LWFrsquos organizational security framework and work with partners to share information on the security situation of the camps

Keep stock of inputs during favorable market prices and revise budget plan if high level of inflation arises

To curb possible water shortages for livelihood activities water will be transported using donkey carts from the surrounding areas

Facilitate linkages between beneficiary groups and local government institutions

Recruit community health agents from among the refugees for educating refugees about hygienic practices and prepare awareness raising workshops about

Implementation Timetable Total project duration is 12 months (implementation period from January 2012 ndash December 2012) Activity details and their sequence of implementation during the specified period will be provided at the end of February 2012) Transition or Exit strategy With continued violence in Sudan it is difficult to predict whether or not the emergency will subside in the near future One of two scenarios could be anticipated one is the continued need of intervention as a result of continued emergency (or if the emergency gives way to a care and maintenance phase that still requires the intervention of LWF) or secondly if the emergency substantially subsides rendering redundant continued assistance For the first scenario LWF will attempt to provide continued assistance for as much as its presence is needed But in anticipation of the second scenario (where existing is required) LWF will create andor capacitate beneficiary (both host and refugee) committees with a view of ensuring smooth transfer of its activities For overall continued management of its activities and assets within and outside of camps LWF will ensure a proper handover to relevant government agencies (ARRA for activities and assets within camps and local government bureaus for those that are outside of camps) All capital assets (including residence and offices built cars etc) will be handed over with the end of the intervention to the proper government agency for future use in similar activities VII ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE Administration amp Finance In accordance with the LWF finance and procurement manual Solicit funds will be transferred to LWFrsquos office in Geneva which in turn will transfer the fund to the LWF Addis office based on the program cash flow budget The Addis office will then transfer the fund to the field office through a bank account based on the cash flow budget of the project The field office has its own cashier accountant and store keeper who control the income and expense of the project The signatories of the bank account are the project coordinator accountant and the WASH manager Monthly finance report will be received by the Addis office with the necessary supporting documents and the monthly finance report will be submitted to Geneva

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17

VIII MONITORING REPORTING amp EVALUATIONS At the organizational level LWF will carry out the monitoring activity of this project according to its established mechanism Participatory monitoring and evaluation will be an integral part of the project implementation All pertinent stakeholders including refugees and host communities will be involved in planning monitoring and evaluation of the project activities and its progresses Overall accountability for the project is with the LWF Representative based in Addis Ababa LWF has recruited an Emergency Program Officer responsible for project implementation and monitoring of this project Field level sector staff will submit monthly work progress reports to the field based project coordinator who will then compile and forward to the Emergency Program Officer Similarly the finance officer will forward monthly finance reports to the finance manager in Addis Ababa The Emergency Program Officer will check all narrative report against finance expenditure to confirm and finalize monthly report Staff will monitor the project based on the indicators of change as stipulated in the LogFrame attached with this appeal Quarterly progress reports both financial and narrative will be submitted to the ACT Alliance Secretariat Progress reports will be regularly sent to UNHCR ARRA and Supporting Agencies and monitoring visits at different levels will be undertaken by these organizations to ensure that agencies (including LWF) are delivering optimal results In addition ARRA in collaboration with UNHCR has set up numerous task force meetings for monitoring progress exchanging information and to coordinate efforts of implementing agencies At the Addis Ababa level Task Force Meetings take place once every two weeks jointly chaired by the UNHCR Director (Deputy Director in his absence) and the Projects Coordinator of ARRA LWF staff will attend these meetings to give updates on the activities proposed for this project In addition sectoral task force meetings take place once every two weeks in Addis Ababa (on environment livelihoods nutrition WASH etc) for monitoring the progress of agencies on the specific interventions they undertake At the field level coordination task force meetings and sectoral meetings that mirror those that take place in Addis Ababa are held on a weekly basis (chaired by ARRA and UNHCR representatives in Assossa) LWF field staff will attend these meetings give updates on progress of implementation and work towards joint monitoring and coordination amongst partner agencies The project will be evaluated at the end of the first year The evaluation team will consist of Supporting Agencies ACT Alliance Geneva ACT Ethiopia Forum Program staff from the national office local project staff and beneficiaries both refugees and members of the host community

IX COORDINATION Coordination within the project and other partners The project will be linked to LWFrsquos ongoing refugee response projects in Jijiga and Dolo Ado At the field level the proposed activities under this appeal will be implemented under the close supervision and management of the project office LWF country program in Addis Ababa will assume the overall responsibility of its management and execution including all the monitoring evaluating and reporting tasks to ensure attainment of the objectives The Addis Ababa office is also responsible to administer and control the finances and ensure timely delivery of activities as well as provide technical support Coordination with other partners on the ground will be necessary to avoid duplication of efforts as well as to foster learning from each otherrsquos experiences LWF will coordinate with ARRA and UNHCR both at the field and Addis Ababa levels international partners the local government relevant district bureaus direct beneficiaries and target communities throughout the project cycle LWF will attend coordination and task force meetings and share project activities and progress (see the above section for more details on these meetings)

X BUDGET The budget outlined below shows proposed financial contributions of UNHCR and ACT Alliance members for each activity

LUTHERAN WORLD FEDERATION Department for World Service - Ethiopia Programme Bambasi Sherkole and Tongo refugee camps

Exchange rate 1 USD = ETB 174337

SN Activity Descriptions Unit Quantity

Unit Price (ETB)

TOTAL (ETB)

TOTAL (USD)

UNHCR (USD) ACT (USD)

I Permanent Water supply system development in Bambasi 2

11 Hydro-geological survey No 1 95000 95000 5449 5449

12 150m borehole drilling No 2 750000 1500000 86040 86040

13 Construction Plant Machineries hire and borehole pump testing No 1 300000 300000 17208 17208

14 GI pipe 6 m 2000 650 1300000 74568 74568

15 GI pipe 4 m 3000 550 1650000 94644 94644

16 GI pipe 3 m 9000 450 4050000 232309 232309

17 HDPE pipe 2 m 4000 68 272000 15602 15602

18 HDPE pipe 1 m 4000 59 236000 13537 13537

19 Fittings Ls 1 125000 125000 7170 7170

110 Generator House No 1 45000 45000 2581 2581

111 Submersible pumps No 4 280000 1120000 64243 64243

112 Backup Generator No 2 550000 1100000 63096 63096

113 Fuel for generator Lt 12000 21 252000 14455 14455

114 Transformer No 1 200000 200000 11472 11472

115 Generator spare parts Ls 1 100000 100000 5736 5736

116 100m3 Reservoirs No 2 350000 700000 40152 40152

117 Water points construction No 25 4000 100000 5736 5736

118 Hand dug well construction No 4 30000 120000 6883 6883

119 Transport ls 1 500000 500000 28680 28680

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19

120 Training for WMC no 4 5000 20000 1147 1147

Sub total 13785000 790710 736791 53919

II Emergency Water trucking in Bambasi 2

21 Emergency water points No 15 20000 300000 17208 17208

22 Dewatering pumps No 4 11000 44000 2524 2524

23 Fuel for dewatering pumps Lt 21000 22 462000 26500 26500

24 Water truck rental day 180 5000 900000 51624 51624

25 Water guard at treatment site No 6 1300 7800 447 447

26 Water treating chemicals Ls 1 250000 250000 14340 14340

Sub total 1963800 112644 112644 0

III HYGINE amp SANITATION in Bambasi 2

31 Sanitation 311 Emergency latrine construction No 200 6000 1200000 68832 68832

312 Semi permanent latrine and shower construction No 250 20000 5000000 286801 286801

313 Installations of hand washing facilities at latrines No 250 90 22500 1291 1291

314 Baby potties distribution No 5000 60 300000 17208 17208

315 Distribution of sanitary pad for women Pack 61540 15 923100 52949 52949

316 Cleaning of wastes around 25 water points Ls 1 30000 30000 1721 1721

317 Chemical for avoiding smell (liquid caustic soda ) Pcs 13000 120 1560000 89482 89482

318 Chemicals for vector control (larviside) Pcs 13000 90 1170000 67111 67111

32 Hygiene promotion

32 1 Awareness creations on the risks of open defecation round 20 2000 40000 2294 2294

32 2 Mega phone tape recorder with amplifier No 25 1500 37500 2151 2151

33 3 Training of community health agents No 4 15000 60000 3442 3442

33 Solid waste management

331 Intermediate waste receptacles half barrels No 200 350 70000 4015 4015

332 Carriage for the solid waste collectiondonkey cart No 10 4000 40000 2294 2294

333 Waste disposal pits excavation No 4 8000 32000 1836 1836

334 Back filling of waste disposal pit No 4 500 2000 115 115

335 Incentive to Refugee Health Workers -26 month 12 18200 218400 12527 12527

Sub total 10705500 614069 298594 315475

IV Environment Protection in Sherkole and Bambasi 2