Assignment on new business idea

ASSIGNMENT BIOGAS PLANT SERVICE

TITLE:- BONDHU BIOGAS PLANT SERVICE

Picture (1) - A biogas plant

Chapter-1

Introduction

Biogas means a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of organic

matter in the absence of oxygen. It is a renewable energy source and in many

cases exerts a very small carbon footprint. It can be cleaned and upgraded to

natural gas standards, when it becomes bio methane. The biogas plant is used all

over the world including Germany, Sweden, USA, UK, China, Japan etc. Biogas can

be produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, animal’s waste, food

waste etc. It is used for producing fuel to cook food in the rural areas. A biogas

plant is the name often given to an anaerobic digester that treats farm wastes or

energy crops. It can be produced using anaerobic digesters. The biogas is a

renewable energy that can be used for heating, electricity, and many other

Picture (4)- Biogas production in rural Picture (5)- A biogas bus in Sweden.

Germany.

operations. It gives a great business idea all over the world. It can brought a

country’s solvency. Now a days, biogas plant service is the most creativity

business and greatest service for the rural areas in Bangladesh. There are mainly

two types of biogas plants used in Bangladesh, floating drum type and fixed dome

type. Bag type plants are also used in the country but rarely. The biogas service

may be a vast possibility for the students and unemployed persons in Bangladesh.

It enhances students’ intellect power and makes good profit. It creates self-

employment in Bangladesh. It also reduces burning trees and using firewood. So,

biogas plant service is a great business idea for the new sponsors in Bangladesh.

In Bangladesh only 3% of the people enjoy the facility of natural gas coming to

their homes through pipe lines. The lucky few mostly live in the cities. In spite of

being insignificant in volume, the availability of biogas to very large number of

rural people and to very remote areas makes the technology very suitable and

effective. True, commercially produced pipeline natural gas plays and will

continue to play vital role in the industrialization and urbanization of the country,

but this gas will not reach the remote village households any time soon, if at all!

In that respect there is no alternative to biogas for the millions of villagers. Most

of the Bangladesh's rural people depend on biomass, crop residues, plant debris,

animal dung and wood for fuel creating deforestation, flood, soil erosion etc.

Picture (5) & Picture (6):- A biogas plant in rural areas in Bangladesh.

Women and children, on whom the burden of collecting fuel falls, suffer the most.

They are the worst victims of indoor air pollution such as smokes in the kitchens.

Biogas technology is one of the best means to provide natural gas to the largest

number of rural people. It can provide them with pollution free, efficient energy

for cooking and at the same time protect them from diseases by giving them a

cleaner environment. So biogas technology can be used to implement a

sustainable waste management program suitable for rural areas, as wastes of all

sorts are transformed into biogas or slurry.

Chapter-2

Management and Legal Perspective

We friends have decided to create a biogas plant business firm. So, we have to

create a partnership business firm. So at first, we have collected trade licenses

from city Corporation or township where we live in. For this, we have to take a

suitable name for our business firm. Secondly, we have to agree with an

agreement and decided to create a written statement or deed.

This written statement have been included the total representation of our

business firm like number of general manager, managers, total amount of capital,

partners’ name, address, designation, payable amount of capital, distribution of

income and loss, objectives, business firm’s location, references etc. According to

this statement, there are one general manager and three managers in our

business firm. The general manager decides the whole activities of our business

firm and the managers control the employees, managers and financial activities.

Five employees and also three managers are specialist in placing biogas plant.

They have to make and place biogas plant. The general manager and two

managers account our business financial activities.

Moreover, we have registered from BBDF (Bangladesh biogas development

foundation) and GS (Grameen shakti) to be a member so that we can get

maximum technical and managerial support and benefit of our biogas business

firm. We also have collected license from BNDB (Bureau of natural defense

Bangladesh). We also have offered two concierges for job for our office. Every

business firm should have some legal perspective for loyalty. Our business has

some legal perspective such as deed, evidence of 3rd party, government registered

etc. These perspectives help to keep the business running. We will try to potent

the management side of our business firm so that our business firm can be

developed day by day.

Chapter-3

Technical Perspective

Biogas is primarily methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H2S), moisture and siloxanes. The gases methane, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide (CO) can be combusted or oxidized with oxygen. This energy release allows biogas to be used as a fuel; it can be used for any heating purpose, such as cooking. It can also be used in a gas engine to convert the energy in the gas into electricity and heat. Biogas can be compressed, the same way natural gas is compressed to CNG, and used to power motor vehicles. In the UK, for example, biogas is estimated to have the potential to replace around 17% of vehicle fuel. It qualifies for renewable energy subsidies in some parts of the world. Biogas can be cleaned and upgraded to natural gas standards, when it becomes bio methane.

Picture (6)- Simple sketch of biogas plant.

Our business firm has been supplied two types of biogas plant. These are floating drum biogas plant and fixed dome biogas plant. The technical description of these two types of biogas is given below:-

Floating drum biogas plant:- Floating drum biogas plants consist of a digester and a moving gasholder. The gasholder floats either direct on the fermentation slurry or in a water jacket of its own. The gas collects in the gas drum, which then rises

Picture (7) & (8):- Floating drum biogas plant

prevented from tilting by a guide frame. The instruments of making a floating drum are mixing tank with inlet pipe, digester, overflow on outlet pipe, gasholder with braces for breaking up surface scum, gas outlet with main cock, gas drum guide structure, difference in level = gas pressure in cm WC, floating scum in the case of fibrous feed material, accumulation of thick sludge, Accumulation of grit and stones, water jacket with oil film. In ground, floating drum biogas plants made of wire-mesh-reinforced concrete are liable to hairline cracking and are intrinsically porous. They require a gastight, elastic internal coating. PVC drums are generally unsuitable because they are not resistant to UV. The floating gas drum can be replaced by a balloon above the digester. There are many ‘portable’ type home scale floating drum biogas kits now on the market. Like the ARTI unit these are often made of plastic, are light and easy to maneuver and very straightforward to operate.

Fixed dome biogas plant:- The fixed dome biogas system is also known as Chinese model biogas plant which was developed and built in China the 1930s. The unit consists of an underground brick masonry compartment (fermentation chamber) with a dome on the top for gas storage.

The instruments of making a fixed dome biogas plant are mixing tank with inlet pipe, digester, compensating, removal tank, gasholder, gas-pipe, entry hatch with gastight seal and weighted, difference in level= gas pressure in cm WC, Supernatant scum; broken up by varying level, accumulation of thick sludge, accumulation of grit and stones, zero line: filling height without gas pressure.

A fixed-dome biogas plant consists of an enclosed digester with a fixed, non-movable gas space. The gas is stored in the upper part of the digester. When gas production commences, the slurry is displaced into the compensating tank. Gas

pressure increases with the volume of gas stored; therefore the volume of the digester should not exceed 20 m³. If there is little gas in the holder, the gas pressure is low. If the gas is required at constant pressure (e.g., for engines), a gas pressure regulator or a floating gasholder is required. Engines require a great deal of gas, and hence large gasholders. The gas pressure then becomes too high if

Picture (9)-Fixed dome biogas plant

there is no floating gasholder. Fixed dome biogas units have low construction cost, no moving parts, no rusting steel parts, hence long life (20 years or more), underground construction, affording protection from winter cold and saving space, creates employment locally. We have discussed about the full technical description of biogas plant. We have chosen two samples of these biogas plants for our business firm. For this, we have to need some technicians who are specialist in biogas plant. So, employees and managers of our business firm have trained from BBDF (Bangladesh biogas development foundation) and GS (Grameen shakti). They have faced and managed directly to place a biogas plant.

Chapter-4

Marketing Perspective

We want to place a biogas plant business firm in Gazipur. Gazipur is a place where

almost half of the people cannot use natural gas from government gas

Distribution Company. So it is one of the best decisions to place our business firm

in Gazipur. It will become a light possibility for our business. Though, three

business firms were placed in Gazipur already. The names of these business firms

are Sheba biogas plant service, Grameen biogas plant solution service and Polli

biogas service. So, we try to penetrate in the market by selling our product at a

lower cost. Anyway, ours is a new business firm.

We will try to promote our product and business firm rigorously. Our business

product is to place and make biogas plant. We also solve the problem of

managing and maintaining biogas plant. Thus we earn profit from the business.

We have decided that we will place per biogas plant in 15000 taka. Since ours is a

new business firm; we will try to reduce per biogas plant cost as possible as we

can. We have already known that rural area of Gazipur is not in the list of natural

gas distribution area. The rural people are our target customer. They have to use

and burn firewood for cooking. Using firewood is very expensive for the rural

people. It is also harmful for our nature. We help the rural people to place biogas

plant in their house at an affordable cost and they can be helpful. We have to

advertise the importance of biogas plant. For this, we have distributed leaflet for

the advertisement of our business. We should teach the rural people how gas can

be produced from biogas plant.

Moreover, we place a sample of a biogas plant in our office. As a result, people

can learn about biogas and be helpful. We will improve our business by working

hard. We will try to find new biogas technology and provide training facilities for

employees. We will also try to enhance our service and widen our service area. As

a result our business firm will be widen and make huge amount of profit.

Chapter-5

Financial Perspective

We know that money is the heart of a business. A business firm will never run without money. So finance is a must for a business firm and helps to subsist a business firm. The financial perspective of a business firm includes a business’s income, expense, capital, liability, asset, owners’ equity. Our business is a partnership business. We four friends have invested capital in our business firm. Each friend has given 50000 taka for capital. The total capital of our business (including liability) is 250000 taka. We borrowed 50000 taka from Dutch Bangla Bank ltd. A flow chat that has been included our business’s capital, income, expenses, liability, asset, owners’ equity is given below:-

No. Description Taka

1. 2. 3. 4.

Capital:- Shourav Ismail Manik Kashem Total= Liability:- Loan from Dutch Bangla Bank ltd Total capital= Primary expenses:- Office furniture Advance payment for renting a office Others Total= Regular expenses:- Office rent (per month) General manager’s salary (per month) Managers’ salary (per month) Employees’ salary (per month) Concierges’ salary (per month) Instruments (per biogas plant)

50000/= 50000/= 50000/= 50000/=

200000/= 50000/=

250000/= 40000/= 60000/= 20000/=

120000/= 15000/= 20000/= 60000/= 40000/= 15000/= 7000/=

5.

Others Total= Income:- Monthly income from the placement of biogas plant (probably) Monthly income from servicing of biogas plant (probably) Total income (monthly)=

5000/=

162000/= 180000/= 20000/=

200000/=

We have displayed a written draft into a flowchart of our financial perspective. This information may be changed by different condition.

Chapter-6

Socio-Economic Perspective

The biogas plant service plays a vital role in socio and economic development in developing countries and also in developed countries. In Bangladesh, this business plan may be a vast possibility for the unemployed people.

Picture (10):- Processing of Biogas

Bangladesh produces about 1100 million cubic feet of natural gas daily and imports about three million tons of crude oil and petroleum product per year. These are referred to as commercial energy and provide for 35 per cent of the total energy consumed in the country. These commercial energies are mainly used in urban based industries to generate electricity, to run industrial and commercial units and to supply domestic households in major cities and towns. Ironically, these commercial energies are mostly out of bound of the vast majority of the rural people of the country. So where does the nation's energy balance leave the vast majority of the rural population? It is the biomass energy source that is available to the latter and it consists of fuel wood, leaves, agricultural residues, cow dung and other organic wastes. These are referred to as non

commercial energy and actually provide for the remaining 65 per cent of the total energy consumed in the country.

About 80 per cent of the total population of the country or about 100 million people live in rural area. The non-commercial biomass energy sources (fuelwood, cow dung, agricultural waste etc), these people traditionally use is inefficient and poorly managed. For generations, their energy technology base has remained inefficient and primitive. It is estimated that only about 19 per cent of the country's total population have electricity, 4 per cent have natural gas connection in the households. In the rural area, only 5 per cent of the population use kerosene as fuel.

Picture (11), (12) & (13):- Improvement of the uses of biogas plant

So, Bio plant service is one of the best business firms in Bangladesh. It creates employment and helps to develop economic growth in our country. It also helps to develop social condition by creating and developing employment, protecting national environment, developing economic situation.

Chapter-7

Conclusion

We already have discussed about a biogas plant service. Definitely it is one of the most business ideas for the new comers. This business it is not only a business, it is a great idea for the development of social, economic and nation. So, we have to develop this business idea and trained about the technology of biogas plant of those people who are interested in biogas plant.

If we involve advertising this business plant, customers and also interested people will take this service. Because it has hardly negative sites but has a great and likelihood sides. In future, People will use biogas and reduce using natural gas. As a result, it will help to protect the environment and we will live the society pollution free.