Assessment Team: Kyari Audu Gubio, Mustapha Lawan ... NEEDS ASSESSMENT – REPORTING TEMPLATE Page 1 of 6 Author: Date of report: 10th August, 2017 Assessment Team: Kyari Audu Gubio,

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Author: Date of report: 10th August, 2017 Assessment Team: Kyari Audu Gubio, Mustapha Lawan, Emmanuel Bwala

Basic details

Date(s) of field assessment 10th August, 2017

LGA Kukawa Location name Cross Kauwa and Kukawa

Location type (town / village / camp) Town Sub-location name

MULTI SECTOR INITIAL RAPID NEEDS ASSESSMENT TO CROSS KAUWA AND KUKAWA

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Methodology note The tools used are key informant interviews (KII), AGDM focus group discussions (FGDs) and structured direct observation (DO). The tools used are adjusted to the context and designed to triangulate information collected. Methodology design captures information from multiple sources and takes into account views and needs of various groups in the population in shortest possible timeframe. Assessment team members prior to the assessment are trained on the methodology. A pre-departure brief and de-brief is conducted for the assessment team upon return. The team members are able to speak languages locally used and they include male and female. Total of 2 KII was conducted Additionally, information obtained from other source (i.e. Other INGOs) was included in this report. Due to the short timeframe for data collection errors and omissions are possible. Please share any comments and observations on the quality and accuracy of this report with the author as soon as possible through: [email protected]

Context, general security situation, population movements Cross Kauwa (sometimes referred to simply as Kauwa) is a town in the northeastern Nigerian state of Borno, east of the town of Kukawa. It is located within the Kukawa Local Government Area. The town is located along a road that runs from Baga to the east (formerly at the shore of Lake Chad) and to Kukawa to the west. Another road leads south to Monguno. According to a 2007 report in The Sun (Nigeria), it is about an hour's drive from Monguno to Cross Kauwa. Cross Kauwa was deserted after an attack by AOG around January 2014. Since then the town was under control of Boko Haram members until Nigerian Military recaptured it in December 2016. People returned to the town around January 2017. Kukawa on the other hand, is the local government capital and the administrative HQ of Kukawa LGA of Borno state and is about 12Km from Cross kauwa. The town had great strategical importance, being one of the southern terminals of trans-Saharan trade routes to Tripoli. Boko Haram members attacked the town in the same month with Cross Kauwa town, and the population fled to Maidiguri. The town had not sustained greater infrastructural damage under the attack. The population

Desk review of other assessments

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returned to the town around January 2017.

Estimated population and affected population in the area; numbers, description and registration initiatives

SEMA, Nigerian military and other actors may have accurate population figures. ICRC may also be able to provide further updates on population numbers. Unfortunately, information that is more reliable was not obtained by the time of concluding this report due to lack of enough time and only few KIs are interviewed. The population of Kukawa, as estimated in late 2010 is 16,077. Through discussions with KI and FGDs, some communities receive currently between 50-100 within few months; there are close to 10 communities in total.

Location Estimated current population of site

Total HH HH assessed as in need

Cross Kauwa Town IDPs At least 143 90%

Host community At least 417 80 %

Returnees 143 80%

TOTAL At least 750 (4500 individuals.)

At least

Location Estimated current population of site

Total HH HH assessed as in need

Kukawa Town IDPs At least 285 80%

Host community

Returnees At least 985 70%

TOTAL At least 1200 (8000 individuals.)

At least 800

Key problems and priorities identified by the affected population Priorities stated during all interviews in Cross Kauwa:

1. WaSH

2. Education

3. Food

4. NFI

Priorities stated during all interviews in Kukawa: 1. Food 2. Livelihood 3. Agricultural inputs assistance

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EXTERNAL CAPACITY - LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS OPERATING IN THE AREA

Implementing organisation and type of programme

Number of organizations are delivering assistance in Kukawa and Cross Kauwa, however coordination needs to be improved.

ICRC is conducting bi-monthly food distribution

ACF undertaking WaSH and Nutrition activity

UNICEF is providing Health care services

Information in this section need to be verified with respective organizations. It is based on information received in the field by assessment teams, not from the organizations’ representatives.

SHELTER AND ESSENTIAL NON-FOOD ITEMS (NFIs) Approximate based on observations and KII Many of IDPs in Kukwa are living in houses owned by host communities which have not returned and there is no any IDP Camp in the town. Many of the IDPs in the camp in Cross Kauwa have inadequate access to water, food and NFIs The IDP site in Cross Kauwa is a school, which is used as collective shelter. At one point, government may evict it IDPs in order to re-start education activities. Cooking utensils, sleeping mats, water containers, light sources and hygiene items are few and highly needed.

WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH) Water availability is cited as main priority across all interviews. Extremely serious problem of water availability mentioned in KIIs in the IDP camp and Host community. There are not enough accessible water points to satisfy the demand; the main water source in Cross kauwa town is a borehole (free flow in the past) and is not enough for them and there is no any water source in both of the camps in the town. Tensions are high at the water points because both IDPs, Host communities and Returnees rely on the single borehole in town. However, 2 more boreholes are on the course of completion by ACF. There is no water management committee established. In the host community, one borehole is privately owned. Each HH approximately spend 3000 Naira monthly on water, which is very costly for 80-90 % of the HHs. No enough bathing facilities and significant problem with water availability. Very limited availability of soap or female hygiene items. No solid waste management.

However, for Kukawa town, water is not a problem as eight government-constructed boreholes are operational.

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FOOD SITUATION AND LIVELIHOOODS

Food is the main need people in both Cross Kauwa and Kukawa. Food is reported as serious challenge. Bimonthly food distribution is conducted by ICRC which is the only INGO providing food assistance in both Cross Kauwa and Kukwa and is not enough for the IDPs One of the coping strategies for people was to go for hard labour to earn and buy food in the market. Food stocks are minimal. Food utilization – cooking equipment is available, but limited and often shared. Firewood is the only source of energy and is being collected however with long walking distance and security fears. Military sometimes escort woman-collecting firewood. LIVELIHOODS Majority of population has no resources to restart agricultural activities (in which more than 90% found occupation before the crisis were engaged in) – such as seeds, tools, other inputs or livestock. Prior to the crisis population mainly engaged in farming (rain fed) and fishing

MARKETS AND MARKET SUPPLY CHAINS Market is functioning quite well in both Cross Kauwa and Kukwa, limited by the limited cash available by customers. Most of the population resort to farming as the rainy season is in. Nevertheless, they are restricted by limited land due to military boundaries and operations going on.

LEGAL DOCUMENTATION, HOUSING, LAND AND PROPERTY ISSUES NTR

EDUCATION

Reportedly, there is no any operational school in Cross Kauwa and children (both IDPs and Host) have no access to formal education in the town. However, in Kukawa one primary school is functional but is no functional secondary school.

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION – LOGISTICS, COMMS AND ACCESS ACCESS Access by road-No military escort from MMC

COMMUNICATIONS No network service available TRANSPORT, FUEL ACCESSIBILITY, ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, OFFICE/STORAGE SPACE No electricity supply from the national grid. No Office Storage capacity - CHH