ASSESSMENT OF WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION SITUATION IN TORNADO AFFECTED AREA : A STUDY ON KAMARKHOLA UNION UNDER DACOPE UPAZILA, KHULNA DISTRICT www.ePowerPoint.com
ASSESSMENT OF WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION SITUATION IN TORNADO AFFECTED AREA : A STUDY ON KAMARKHOLA UNION UNDER DACOPE UPAZILA, KHULNA DISTRICT .
Jan 19, 2016
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
ASSESSMENT OF WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION SITUATION IN TORNADO AFFECTED AREA
: A STUDY ON KAMARKHOLA UNION UNDER DACOPE UPAZILA, KHULNA DISTRICT
www.ePowerPoint.com
www.ePowerPoint.com
Introduction Safe water, sanitation and hygiene promotion combined with a culture of safety towards natural disaster are critical to human.
Bangladesh is known to be a naturally disaster prone country. Every year the country due to its geographical location and climatic condition experiences frequent natural disaster.
In general the coastal region of Bangladesh is directly affected by cyclones and tidal surges. It mostly affects to the water supply and sanitation facilities.
Because of this, most of the water supply and sanitation infrastructures like tube-wells, sweet ponds, PSFs and latrines are damaged and creates a severe crisis of drinking water, unhygienic condition for the community.
As a result, outbreak of waterborne diseases e.g. skin disease, diarrhoea etc. in the affected areas create health hazards of the people.
www.ePowerPoint.com
Objectives of the Study
To evaluate the water supply and sanitation condition of the study area;
To evaluate the present heath threats in the study area; and
To find out the community demand for the development of water supply and
sanitation condition in the study area.
www.ePowerPoint.com
Location Map of the Study Area Kamarkhola Union
Source: Banglapedia,2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Administrative Map of Kamarkhola Union
www.ePowerPoint.com
Materials and MethodsDetermination of sample sizeThe sample size for data collection from each stratum was obtained from the following equation (Kotheri, 2009):
z2pqN
n=------------------- -----------------------------------(2.1)
e2(N-1)+z2pq
Where
n = Sample size
z2 = the value of the standard variant at a given confidence level=1.96 [for 95% confidence level the value of z is 1.96]
p = Sample proportion=25% of the household, i.e. 0.25
q = 1-p=0.75
e = Acceptance error=0.1 [Since the estimate should be within 10% of the true value]
N = Household size for the strata=1660
Therefore, Sample size, n= 70.09 ≈ 70.
www.ePowerPoint.com
Materials and Methods Primary data collection
Questionnaire survey Key informant interviews
Secondary data collection Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Khulna; Bangladesh Meteorological Department, Dhaka; Internet/ journal articles/web articles; Different related books; Published/Unpublished research report; Upazila Agriculture Office; Upazila Parishad; Union Parishad; Soil research development institute; DPHE, Dacope Upazila and Non Government Organizations etc.
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
Primary source Secondry source0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
10077.14
22.86
Sources of drinking water
PSF water
Sweet pond water
Rain water
Res
pon
den
t p
erce
nta
ge
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
Cooking Washing Bathing0
20
40
60
80
100
120
100
24.2915.71
75.71 84.29
Various uses of water source
Rain water
Pond water
River water
PSF water
Res
pon
den
t p
erce
nta
ge
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
<1 km 1-1.5 km >1.5 km0
10
20
30
40
50
60
37.1444.28
18.5827.14
52.86
20
Distance of water sources
Sweet pond water
PSF water
Distance
Res
pon
den
t p
erce
nta
ge
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
Rain water Pond water PSF water Relief water0
20
40
60
80
100
120
100
55.72 57.15 54.28
10 12.8518.57
34.28 30 27.15
Water collection status
Male
Female
Child
Others
Res
pon
den
t p
erce
nta
ge
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
Soap Ash Soil Only water05
1015202530354045
10 12.86
41.4235.72
Hand washing by soap,ash, soil and only water
Resp
onde
nt p
erce
ntag
e
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
Hanging toilet Temporary latrine (ring slab)
Open space0
10203040506070
61.42
30
8.58
Category of latrine
Res
pon
den
t p
erce
nta
ge
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
Dump into latrine
Dump into river or tidal water
Use small latrine0
102030405060708090
100
0
100
0
Management of child feces and household wastes Re
spon
dent
per
cent
age
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
Skin disease Diarrhoea Dysentery cholera fever
76%
16% 8%
24%
60%
16%
24%
76%
0.68
0.320000000000001
0.320000000000001
0.68
Ranking status of outbreak of diseases
first
second
third
fourth
fifth
Res
pond
ent
perc
enta
ge
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
Children Old man Female Male0
20
40
60
80
100
120
75.71
24.2924.29
40 35.7135.71
64.29
100
Frequency of affected people by diseases
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Res
pon
den
t p
erce
nta
ge
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
05
1015202530354045 41.42 38.58
8.57 11.43
Sources of medical serviceR
esp
ond
ent
per
cen
tage
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
Role played No role0
1020304050607080
72.86
27.14
Role of NGOs in improving water supply and sanitation statusR
esp
ond
ent
per
cen
tage
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
Installation of water supply and
latrine equip-ments
Building awareness
Both0
10203040506070
27.1411.43
61.43
Assistance of NGOs
Res
pon
den
t p
erce
nta
ge
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
59.67
28.81
11.52
30.22
50.38
15.41
3.99
10.11
5.82
46.29
23.25
14.53
14.99
15.13
39.36
30.52
19.35
10.46
36.86
33.33
19.23 14.1
66.67
Community demand for the development of water supply
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
Res
pon
den
t p
erce
nta
ge
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
Results and Discussion
75.00
15.633.13 6.25
25.00
46.88
12.5015.62
31.25
59.38
9.38
6.2525.00
68.74
Community demand for the development of sanitation condition
First
Second
Third
FourthRes
pond
ent
perc
enta
ge
Source: Field survey, 2010
www.ePowerPoint.com
ConclusionThe absence of adequate safe water supply and sanitation facilities during the post Aila period is largely responsible for outbreak of waterborne diseases which cause terrible impact on health of the community people in the study area.
Overall findings of the study are summarized below: The people of the study area use the safe water from different sources such
as rain water (100%) as primary source, sweet pond water (77.14%), PSF (22.86%) water as secondary source
Most of the household members (84%) wash their hands after defecation and before taking any food, a large part of them (41.42%) use soil and (35.72%) use only water for hand washing.
The main type of latrines used in the locality is hanging toilet (61.42%). Most of all the household members directly dump children feces into the tidal water.
www.ePowerPoint.com
Conclusion The outbreak of water-borne diseases like skin diseases, diarrhea, and
dysentery are in severe level in the study area. The children (75.71% as affected level one) and the old man (40% as affected level two) are more affected by these diseases. The large numbers of people are taking medical services from the pharmacist in pharmacy (41.42%) and village doctor (38.58%) who have so lesser quality.
The study has found some community demand for getting release from that existing severe condition of water supply and sanitation. Most of the respondents have remarked for serving water tank and dram (59.67% as first priority), reconstruction of embankments (50.38% as second priority), dewatering and re-excavation of ponds (46.29% as third priority), temporary latrines (46.44% as second priority), medicine and medical services (59.38% as third priority), and stop shrimp farming etc.
www.ePowerPoint.com
Photographs
www.ePowerPoint.com
Thanks to All…
Related Documents
