Asian Integration and Implications for Global Growth

8/9/2019 Asian Integration and Implications for Global Growth

1/104

EL I``GoGEH Q}KHGoESGIL I` SnM E_GEL CMPMHIQJMLS KELD x ;151

E_GEL GLSMb{ESGILELC GJQHGoESGIL_`I{ bHIKEH b{IrSn

3?{c Ell}eh Jmmglb i` nm Kie{ci` Bipm{li{s( Sesndml( ]vkmdgsel


2/104


3/104


4/104

;151 Legileh E}s{ehge Keld Hgjgmc EKL 5; 113 133 7?2 E@_H ;?10>0 JOE1?51,

JGLCGLB

WI][K]_GLM__,Legileh E}s{ehge Keld Hgjgmc dlirs nir i jglc wi}{ k}sglmss kmoe}sm gs

i}{s ii, I}{ E}s{ehesgel m~qm{gsm elc bhikeh {meon jmels lelogeh glsg}gils

`{ij E}s{ehge( Esge( Lmr Vmehelc( M}{iqm elc nm ]_ oel nepm e oijjgmc qe{lm{`i{ ehh {elseogils, @{ij sgjqhm oesn jelebmjml( ri{dglb oeqgeh sm{pgoms( {gsd

jelebmjml n{i}bn i s{}o}{mc( o{mcg elc oeqgeh je{dms sih}gils }{l i

Legileh E}s{ehge Keld,

Rm dlir wi}{ k}sglmsskmoe}sm rm dlir i}{ k}sglmss,

On{gs @isdm

Bhikeh Nmec @GB Kelds elc Cgpm{sgmc @glelogehs

;3= Qe{d Epml}m( ;>n @hii{ Lmr Wi{d( LW 51502S6 $5 ;5; 750 7==5 M6 on{gsiqnm{,`isdmAleklw,oij

Elc{mr Rghhgejsil

Nmec i` Kelds & Cgpm{sgmc @glelogeh Glsg}gils( E}s{ehge

Hmpmh ;3( ;== Bmi{bm _( _wclmw

S $05 .1'; 7;?2 5073 M6 elc{mr,rghhgejsilAlek,oij,e}

Oileo }srrr,rnihmsehm,lekb{i}q,oij

rrr,lekesge,oij

Nire{c On}g

Nmec i` @glelogeh Glsg}gils( Esge

Hmpmh ;2( Ilm Qeogo Qheom( >> U}mmlsrew( Nilb DilbS $>=; ;>;; 7>== M6 nire{c,on}gAlekesge,oij

Gel B{g`l

Cg{moi{( @glelogeh Glsg}gils B{i}q( Kelds & C@Gs

>> Riic _{mm( Hilcil MO;P 2UU

S $33 .1';1 2251 ;35= M6 gel,b{g`lAm},lekb{i}q,oij


5/104

;151, Snm mlg{m oilmls i ngs q}khgoegil e{m q{imomc kw oiqw{gbn, Ehh {gbns {msm{pmc, Li qe{ i ngs q}khgoegil jew km {mq{ic}omc( si{mc

gl e {m{gmpeh swsmj( i{ {elsjgmc gl elw i{j i{ kw elw jmels6 mhmo{ilgo( jmonelgoeh( qniioiqwglb( {moi{cglb i{ inm{rgsm( rgni} nm q{gi{

qm{jgssgil i nm q}khgsnm{, Snm pgmrs elc iqglgils m~q{mssmc kw glcmqmlcml e}ni{s elc oil{gk}i{s gl ngs q}khgoegil e{m q{ipgcmc gl nm

r{gm{s qm{sileh oeqeoggms elc e{m nmg{ sihm {msqilsgkghgw, Snmg{ q}khgoegil cims li gjqhw ne nmw {mq{msml nm pgmrs i{ iqglgils i nm Esgel

Cmpmhiqjml Keld i{ Lmrscmsd Jmcge Glo, elc j}s lmgnm{ km {mbe{cmc es oilsg}glb ecpgom il elw jem{ rnesimpm{( li{ km glm{q{mmc es

s}on, Ecpm{gsglb i elw sqmogo oijjm{ogeh q{ic}o( q{iomss( sm{pgom kw {ecm lejm( {ecmje{d( jel}eo}{m{( i{ inm{rgsm( gl ngs q}khgoegil

cims li oilsg}m i{ gjqhw ECKs mlci{smjml( {moijjmlcegil( i{ epi{glb i elw i nm q{ic}o i{ nm mlgw nm{mi, Snm {mq{ic}ogil i

ecpm{gsmjmls gl ngs q}khgoegil cims li gl elw rew gjqhw mlci{smjml kw Lmrscmsd Jmcge Glo i q{ic}os i{ sm{pgoms {mm{{mc i nm{mgl

Q}khgsnm{ Ell U}il

B{i}q Mcgi{geh Cg{moi{ Oheg{m Jel}mh

M~mo}gpm Mcgi{ M{go Nmehw

Mcgi{*gl*Ongm @hiwc Rnehmw

Jelebglb Mcgi{ He}{ml [ism*_jgn

_}k*Mcgi{s Lgod Bi{cil

_ejelne B}m{{glg

B{i}q E{ Cg{moi{ Cepgc Oiiqm{

E{ Mcgi{s Lgodw Jeo{i

Fejms Rngm

Veo Oesmw

B{i}q _ehms Cg{moi{ Elc{mr Nire{c

_ehms Jelebm{ Fejms Finlsil

_ehms M~mo}gpms Cepgc Ejis

Bm{ehcglm [i}~

Ehm~ _jgn

Ohgml [mhegils Cg{moi{ Leehgm Ohm}{

Pgom Q{msgcml K}sglmss Cmpmhiqjml Jewsiil Degklg

Cmq}w Ongm M~mo}gpm N}bn [ikglsil

Q}khgsnm{ elc Ongm M~mo}gpm Ehel _qmlom

Qgo}{ms6 Esgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld( Oi{kgs( Bmw( QE Qniis( [m}m{s,

Oipm{ gjebm6 Qe}h _i}cm{s)Oi{kgs

Q{glmc kw I{gmleh Q{mss .]D' Hc

G_KL6 72>*5*710731*5>*>

Q}khgsnmc kw6

Snm Esgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld

0 ECK Epml}m(

Jelceh}wilb Ogw 5==1( Qnghgqqglms

Smh6 $0?; 0?; 3333

rrr,eck,i{b

Gl qe{lm{sngq rgn6

Lmrscmsd Jmcge Glo,

211 5;n _{mm( LR( _}gm 211

Resnglbil( C,O, ;111=

Smh6 $5 .;1;' 713 ;3;?

@e~6 $5 .;1;' 713 ;3;3

rrr,lmrscmsdjmcge,oij

Lmrscmsd Jmcge B{i}q q}khgsnms e rgcm {elbm

i k}sglmss elc o}sijm{ q}khgoegils, @i{}{nm{ gli{jegil qhmesm oileo Ehel _qmlom(Ongm M~mo}gpm I`om{ i{ Jewsiil Degklg(Pgom Q{msgcml K}sglmss Cmpmhiqjml,Lmrscmsd Jmcge Glo, gs e jmjkm{ i nmLmrscmsd Jmcge B{i}q i oijqelgms,


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7/104

OILSMLS

GLS[IC]OSGIL

55 Ne{}ngdi D}{iceQ{msgcml i nm Esgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld(

Oneg{jel i ECKs Kie{c i Cg{moi{s

5= [}sej Evgjip @g{s Cmq}w Q{gjm Jglgsm{ elc

Jglgsm{ i @glelom( [mq}khgo i]vkmdgsel( elc Oneg{ i nm Kie{c iBipm{li{s i nm ECK

;5 Iqqi{}lggms enmecRmhoijm i nm 3?{c Ell}eh Jmmglb

i nm Kie{c i Bipm{li{s i nmEsgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld

BIpM[LI[_ JM__EBM_

;? B}c{}l DiqqBipm{li{ i{ Bm{jelw gl nm ECK

;2 Q{elek J}dnm{fmmBipm{li{ i{ Glcge gl nm ECK

?? ^gm ^}{mlBipm{li{ i{ nm Qmiqhms [mq}khgo i

Ongle gl nm ECK

?= Fiedgj _wjlmBipm{li{ i{ _rmcml gl nm ECK

?2 Di{l OnegdepelgfBipm{li{ i{ Sneghelc gl nm ECK

?7 Lmeh RihglCmq}w _mo{me{w( ],_, S{mes}{w

G__]M_ `EOGLB E_GE ELC SnM QEOG`GO

3? Q{ijiglb nm ?[s[mc}om( [m}sm(elc [mowohmO{meglb {msi}{om*mogml moilijgms elc

vm{i*resm oggms

3> Esge elc nm Qeog`o ri{dglbibmnm{ i s{mlbnml nmbhikeh moilijwEl glmb{emc Esge elc Qeogoselcs nm kms onelom i q{ijiglb

gloh}sgpm b{irn c}{glb nm bhikehmoilijgo cirl}{l

=> @glcglb nm bhikeh nm{jiseEsge elc Qeogo legils e{m cmpmhiqglbs{embgms i nmec i` e ohgjemonelbm cgsesm{

03 E qen i} i nm riicsEs Esge hiids kmwilc nm bhikeh moilijgoo{gsgs( legils e{m {mcmlglb nmg{ b{irn

elc cmpmhiqjml s{embgms

3>=>

>1


8/104

OILSMLS_

ECK GL SnM _QIShGBnS

25 ECKs ngsi{w i sm{pgom@i}{ cmoecms ri{dglb gl Esge elc

nm Qeogo

23 Oeehwvglb glpmsjmlECKs qe{lm{sngqs rgn nm q{gpemsmoi{ e{m e qirm{}h iih i{ }lcglb{msqilsgkhm cmpmhiqjml

22 _{embw ;1;1S{elsi{jglb nm EsgelCmpmhiqjml Keld i {msqilc i e

onelbglb {mbgil

>1 Jmnelm6 {ij qihh}gili sih}gilEl gllipegpm q{ifmo gl nm Qmiqhms

[mq}khgo i Ongle gs gjq{ipglb nmmlpg{iljml elc nm moilijw

>? Sedglb oe{m i ejghgms@ejghw nmehn omlm{s gl Sefgdgselk{glb oe{m i {}{eh oijj}lggms

>= Q}glb nm Qnghgqqglms gl nmes helmECKs s}qqi{ i{ nm {mlipegil ie ngbnrew li{n i nm Qnghgqqglmsoeqgeh i Jelghe nes {elsi{jmc nme{mes moilijgo helcsoeqm

>> Jmes}{glb i{ s}oomssE lmr {mpgmr swsmj i{ jmes}{glb

ECKs m`mogpmlmss gs qepglb nm rewi{ e ji{m ohgml*io}smc({ms}hs*c{gpml i{belgvegil

]vKMdG_SEL ELC OMLS[Eh E_GE

GL SnM _QIShGBnS

71 Oml{eh Esge [mbgileh Moilijgo

Oiiqm{egil q{ib{ej qe{lm{sngq

snirglb {ms}hsSnm Oml{eh Esge [mbgileh MoilijgoOiiqm{egil q{ib{ej gs k{glbglb ibmnm{

nm cgpm{sm legils i Oml{eh Esge

73 ECK q{ifmos hgld nm legils iOml{eh EsgeQ{ifmos gl Oml{eh Esge oipm{ {ecm({elsqi{( mlm{bw( elc e k{iec {elbmi inm{ smoi{s

77 ]vkmdgsel e nm nme{ iOml{eh EsgeSnm Oi}l{ws jelw essms jedm geqqmehglb i e rgcm {elbm i glpmsi{s

^^

>=

71

>>


9/104

K}ghcglbs

Oijj}lgoegils

Mc}oegil

Mlm{bw

Mlpg{iljml

Nmehn

Glc}s{w

Glm{legileh cmpmhiqjmlIgh elc bes

S{elsqi{

]{kel cmpmhiqjml

Rem{

HMECGLB SNM REW @I[ E

_]_SEGLEKHM @]S][ME Ji JeoCilehc rm e{m eccglb peh}m il e nis i` Esgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld `}lcmc q{ifmos

n{i}bn s}seglekhm sih}gils elc gllipegpm gcmes, Rm }sm i}{ bhikeh m~qm{gmlom elc

q{i`mssgileh m~omhhmlom i gjqhmjml he{bm*soehm }{kel gl`{es{}o}{m q{ifmos mloijqessglb

rem{ s}qqhw( c{eglebm( sihgc resm( {iecs( selgegil elc oijj}lgw k}ghcglbs, Rm k{glb kms

q{eogom( o}glb mcbm sih}gils elc nihgsgo ngldglb i meon q{ifmo elc gs cmpmhiqjml( i

I}{ j}hgcgsogqhgle{w oeqekghgw i{ }{kel gl`{es{}o}{m q{ifmos i` pe{wglb sgvm elc oijqhm~gw(

oipm{ nm oijqhmm sqmo{}j i` sm{pgoms {ij q{ifmo cmsgbl( oilomq}eh qhellglb( siogeh

essmssjml elc sedmnihcm{ elehwsgs( sgm qhellglb( jesm{ qhellglb( cmeghmc mesgkghgw s}cgms(

}{kel {mf}pmlegil elc {mbmlm{egil i cmeghmc mlbglmm{glb( oils{}ogil s}qm{pgsgil elc q{ifmo

jelebmjml,

rrr,jijeo,gl


10/104

SM[E Glm{legileh B{i}q( Glo, m~q{mssms re{j b{mmglbs i ehh qe{gogqels

gl nm ECKs 3?{c Ell}eh Jmmglb gl Sesndml, Rm eqq{mogem nepglb nm

iqqi{}lgw i oil{gk}m i}{ m~qm{gsm i ECK eogpggms ì{ cmpmhiqjml

gl ehh OE[MO jmjkm{ oi}l{gms elc inm{s( gloh}cglb Kelbhecmsn( Hei QC[(

elc _{g Helde, G res el nili{ i{ SM[E i essgs gl nm cmpmhiqjml i` nm

OE[MO S{elsqi{ elc S{ecm @eoghgegil _{embw elc Eogil Qhel( kesmc il

rngon ECK gs gjqhmjmlglb e rgcm {elbm i` q{ifmos n{i}bni} nm OE[MO

{mbgil, Rm rgsn wi} e s}oomss`}h jmmglb elc hiid i{re{c i oilgl}glb i

ri{d ibmnm{ gl k}ghcglb e q{isqm{i}s elc s}seglekhm }}{m i{ Esge,

?= wme{s i` oilsgsml qm{ì{jelom

Ji{m nel ?11 q{ifmos ri{hcrgcm

L}jm{i}s ECK q{ifmos gl nm st{s

cmoecm i` nm Jghhmllg}j

SM[E Glm{legileh B{i}q( Glo,

Oi{qi{em i om6 _m{hglb( Pg{bglge( ]_E

Qm{jelml i oms6 Kmgfglb( Q[O4 Jelghe(

Qnghgqqglms4 Gselk}h( S}{dmw4 Kgsndmd(

Dw{bwv [mq}khgo4 ]heelkeee{( Jilbihge

M*jegh6 glìAm{egl,oij

Smonlgoeh

Essgselom

C}m Cghgbmlom

@mesgkghgw _}cgms

Qhellglb & Cmsgbl Oils{}ogil

_}qm{pgsgil

Oeqeogw

Cmpmhiqjml

& S{eglglb

rrr,m{egl,oij


11/104

@I[MRI[

E {MbGIL I`

_S{MLbSn ELC{M_GHGMLoM

b{ir elc q m {mbgils seghg e {gsd,Sm bhieh {gsgs es eccmc i m ehhmlbms

elc sm ed q{ib{mss il egmglb m Jghhmllgj Cmmhiqjml Biehs, Ss( es m {mbgilmjm{bms il m qe i {mim{( g js ri{de{c i s{mlbml gs {msghgmlm i {m {gsms

elc q{ijim m sseglmc gb b{ir e gsmssmlgeh i{ qim{ {mcgil,

Dm i gs gs e {mehelglb i b{ir ire{c

ji{m cijmsg ilsjqgil elc ji{m {ecmrggl m {mbgil, Esgeelc m ri{hcesmlmmc {mjmlcish {ij m iqml {mbgilehgsj b{ir jicmh rm{mgl {mbgileh ehm egls

em q{icmc leh q{ics i{ m~qi{ i ji{mecelmc ri{hc je{dms, Sgs iqml {mbgilehgsjlmmcs lir i m ijqhmjmlmc jmes{ms erghh ehhir Esge gsmh i m e b{mem{ ilsjm{ i

gs irl biics elc sm{gms,E m cijmsg hmmh( Esgel il{gms lmmc i

cmmhiq qihggms elc s{mlbml sigeh sem lms

i q ji{m {msi{ms gl m elcs i glcggcehs( ejghgms( sjehh elc jmcgjsgmc mlm{q{gsms._JMs'( elc sm{gm glcs{gms em{glb i cijmsg cmjelc

Im{ m hes ri me{s( Esge( hgdm m{ms i m ri{hc( es mml em{mc

m bhieh milijg cirl{l(rg cmmqh emmc gs m~qi{glb

milijgms, Rghm m {gsgs gs li m im{( Esge(es e rihm( es mbl i mjm{bm elc sihc siil

{m{l i meh {ems i b{ir, Gl e( g gsEsges ugd {milc e gs hmecglb m ri{hc ii bhieh {mmssgil,

Sm{m gs( irmm{( li {iij i{ ijqheml,Cmsqgm cmecms i {eqgc milijg elc sigehq{ib{mss( m Esge elc Qeg {mbgil gs sghh ijmi m jefi{g i m ri{hcs qii{, Rgcm cgsqe{g

gms gl glijm elc hgglb selce{cs qm{sgselcglcmmc e{m b{irglbi rggl Esges cmmhiqglb milijgms elc ejilb mj, Emss i {ggehqhg sm{gms s es hmel rem{( q{iqm{ selge

gil( q{gje{ meh e{m( elc esg mcegil gscmlgmc i jghhgils i m {mbgils qmiqhm, Qidmsi m~{mjm qim{ m~gs gl {{eh elc {el e{mes

ehgdm, Sm hiijglb {me i hgjem elbm rghhm~em{em msm q{ihmjs( rg ecm{sm mmsil rem{( iic( mh( elc hgmhgiics, @egh{m iecc{mss msm jefi{ ehhmlbms rghh ejqm{ {m

J, ne}gdi D}ice

Q{msgcml i` nm EsgelCmmiqml Keld

Oneg{el i` ECKsKie{c i` Cg{moi{s


12/104

@I[MRI[C

RM E[M _S[MLBSnMLGLB

I}[ QE[SLM[_nGQ_ RGSnISnM[ CMpMHIQJMLS

GL_SGS}SGIL_( oIJJ}LGSw*

kE_MC I[BELGvESGIL_ ELC

SnM Q[GpESM _MoSI[

E m {mbgileh hmmh( Esgel elc Qeg il{gmsem m elim{ jefi{ ehhmlbm( elc e sgblgel

iqqi{lgi emhm{em {mbgileh iiqm{egilelc glmb{egil i egmm mg{ se{mc qimlgehelc ijjil esqg{egils, Si ci gs rghh {mug{me{c ri{d il jel {ils( {ij gjq{iglb qs

geh illmgg i {mjiglb e{{gm{s i gl{e{mbgileh {ecm( qe{ghe{h mglcmi{cm{isehms i {mm{ {ecm gl biics elc sm{gms,

E sglbhm( {mbgilrgcm {mm {ecm eb{mmjml( i{ m~ejqhm(rihc mli{ebm

qe{ggqegil {ijhirglijm il{gms elc {mcm{ecm{mhemc sglmss

iss( qe{ghe{hi{ _JMs, Esge ehsilmmcs i gjq{im m

glmsjml hgjem(s{mlbml cijmsg lelgeh je{dms( elcsqqi{ m msehgsjml i {mbgileh eqgehje{dms i mm{ eq elc jighgm m {mbgils

ejqhm {msi{ms,Sm Esge elc Qeg {mbgil es gjm elc

ebegl q{iml i m e {mbgil i b{me s{mlb elc{msghgmlm, nir g elchms gs sselgeh ehhmlb

ms es g mjm{bms {ij m bhieh {gsgs rghh emel gjqe li ilh il glcggceh il{gms elcm {mbgil gsmh ehsi il m ri{hc e he{bm

ECk gs {jh ijjgmc i mhqglb m {mbgiljelebm gs ehhmlbms elc egmm gs esqg{egilsi{ cmmhiqjml,

I{ _{emb ;1;1 q{igcms m {ejmri{d(

rg el mjqesgs il glhsgm milijg b{ir(mlg{iljmlehh sseglehm b{ir( elc {mbgileh iiqm{egil elc glmb{egil, G gcmlgms

m q{gem smi{( biic bim{lelm( bmlcm{mug( dlirhmcbm elc qe{lm{sgqs es dm c{gm{s

i elbm( elc ismsi{ glmsjmls gl

gl{es{{m( mlg{iljml( {mbgileh iiq

m{egil elc glmb{egil(lelm smi{ cmmhiq

jml elc mcegil,Rg sgblgelh

gl{mesmc {msi{ms(

i{ eqeg i sqqi{m {mbgils cmmhiqjml es m~qelcmc

c{ejegehh, Rm e{m s{mlbmlglb i{ qe{

lm{sgqs rg im{ cmmhiqjml glsggils(ijjlgesmc i{belgegils elc m q{gemsmi{ i hmm{ebm ji{m lelglb elc m~qm{gsm(elc i mhq ghc eqeg ejilb ehh qe{lm{s i{

m {mbgils cmmhiqjml,G ej b{emh i ehh ri em il{gmc mg{

gmrs gl gs ihhmgil i e{ghms( rg {m`ms

sijm i m gssms e rghh m cgsssmc c{glbi{ Elleh Jmmglb m{m gl Sesdml

ECK Q[M_GCMLS

NE[]NGDI D][ICE

pG_GS_ E _MOILCE[w

_ONIIh GL pGMS LEj


13/104

Jedm wi}{ rew n{i}bn nm si{j rgn B}w Oe{qmlm{,

nm glc}s{ws iq q{i`mssgilehs( jis ecpelomc iihs elc

mhgekhm elehwgos kmm{ mu}gq wi} i `eom icews onehhmlbms(

i wi} oel smgvm mpm{w iqqi{}lgw elc jipm oil`gcmlhw

ire{cs e k{gbnm{ }}{m, Oileo wi}{ B}w Oe{qmlm{ k{idm{

{ pgsg BOOeqgehGcmes,oij,


14/104

]lhiodglb ]vkmdgsel

]vkmdgsel oilegls sijm i` nm jis

q{ijgsglb glpmsjml iqqi{}lggms gl nm ri{hc(

elc sijm i` nm jis sekhm oilcggils gl nm

OG_, Nirmpm{( es rgn ehh mjm{bglb je{dms( nm

dmw i s}oomss`}hhw }lhiodglb nm }qsgcm gs

m``mogpmhw i oipm{ nm cirlsgcm,

Li gls}{elom oijqelw gs kmm{ qheomc i i``m{

wi} qihggoeh {gsd gls}{elom `i{ glpmsjml gl elc

{ecm rgn ]vkmdgsel nel e K{ggsn {mbgsm{mc

oijqelw sqmogehgvmc il qihggoeh {gsds gls}{elom

ilhw * ]vkmdglpms Glm{legileh Gls}{elom

Oijqelw Hgjgmc,

]vkmdglpms Glm{legileh Gls}{elom Oijqelw

nes eoomss i kin }l{gpehhmc hioeh dlirhmcbm

elc }lqe{ehhmhmc glm{legileh m~qm{gsm, Es

s}on g gs nm pgeh dmw i }lhiodglb s}oomss`}h

glpmsjml gl ngs {mje{dekhm je{dm,

]vkmdglpms Glm{legileh Gls}{elom Oijqelw HgjgmcSnm One{gs K}ghcglb( => @mlon}{on _{mm( Hilcil MO?J 3EKSmh6 $33 .1';1 27=3 >?72 @e~6 $33 .1';1 27=3 >>2; rrr,}vkmdglpms*hilcil,oij

]vkmdglpms Glm{legileh Gls}{elom Oijqelw Hgjgmc gs e}ni{gsmc elc {mb}hemc kw nm @glelogeh _m{pgoms E}ni{gw .@_E li,6 ;1;7;?',[mbgsm{mc gl Mlbhelc6 oijqelw l}jkm{ ;772>3=,


15/104

I[MRI[

RMHoIJM SISE_nDMLS

Snm cmogsgil nm ECK Kie{c i Cg{moi{s

jecm ngs me{ i hmlc ]vkmdgsel #, kghhgili lelom gjqhmjmlegil i s{embgo q{ifmosgloh}cglb oils{}ogil i {mbgileh jii{res(jicm{lgvegil i nm mlm{b smoi{ elc cmpmhiq

jml i jgo{ileloglbgs mpgcmlom i nm ngbnhmpmh i i}{ oiiqm{egil, ECKs qi{ihgi i lelogeh essgselom i ]vkmdgsel nes n}s glo{mesmc i

#, kghhgil,Snm ECKhmc {mbgileh oiiqm{egil q{ib{ej

gl Oml{eh Esge nes {meonmc e lmr sebm rgn nmeogpm gjqhmjmlegil i ECKs {mbgileh q{if

mos egjmc e s}qqi{glb nm cmpmhiqjml i nm{mbgils sems( elc jis gjqi{elh( nm {moipm{ i nm siogeh elc moilijgo gl{es{}o}{mi Ebnelgsel,

Snm hmecm{sngq i ]vkmdgsel nes oilsgsmlhgjqhmjmlmc jmes}{ms i s}qqi{ ECK glggegpmselc q{ifmos il nm moilijgo cmpmhiqjml i

Ebnelgsel, E nm {mu}ms i ECK( nm [mq}khgoi ]vkmdgsel nes eb{mmc i nm oils{}ogil inm _}{dnelLegkekecDek}h {elsjgssgil hglm(n}s glo{mesglb nm mgsglb {elsjgssgil oeqeo

G gs e b{me nili{ elc qhmes}{m i{ ]vkmdg

sel i nis nm Esgel Cmpmhiqjml Kelds.ECK' {s mpm{ Ell}eh Jmmglb i nmKie{c i Bipm{li{s gl Oml{eh Esge, G gs e

sgblgoel mpml kin i{ ECK jmjkm{ oi}l{gms

elc i{ nm ri{hc oijj}lg, Il kmneh i nmqmiqhm elc Bipm{ljml i ]vkmdgsel( G ri}hchgdm i rmhoijm j mhhir Bipm{li{s i nm ECK(

nm cmhmbems i nm Kelds 02 jmjkm{ oi}l{gms(iksm{pm{s {ij j}hghem{eh i{belgvegils( jmcge{mq{msmlegpms elc inm{ cgsglb}gsnmc b}mss,

Snm jmmglb oil{js elc s{mlbnmls nm

sihgc {mhegilsngq kmrmml ]vkmdgsel elc nmECK( rngon kmbel gs cmpmhiqjml qe{lm{sngqgl , Cmsqgm nm oilgl}glb ri{hc lelogehelc moilijgo o{gsgs( ]vkmdgsel gs mqm{gmloglb

e clejgo moilijgo {elsi{jegil ne gs {mcmlglb gs {ihm gl nm {mbgil elc e{i}lc nm ri{hc,Snm [mq}khgo nes kmml s}oomss}hh gjqhmjml

glb gs elgo{gsgs q{ib{ej elc s{}o}{eh {mi{js}lcm{ nm b}gcelom i Q{msgcml Gshej De{gjip,Snm ECK nes kmml e s{ilb elc hesglb qe{lm{ glngs q{iomss

C, {}ej Egjip

g{s Cmq} Q{gjm Jglgsm{elc Jglgsm{ i glelom([mq}kgo i ]kmgsel(elc Oeg{ i m Kie{ci Bim{li{s i m ECK


16/104

I[MRI[C

g gl i{cm{ i s}qqh Dek}h rgn mhmo{go qirm{ ni}{s e ce, ]vkmdgsel nes kmml e qe{lm{ i

ECK gl nm oils{}ogil i nm {s {egh{iecgl Ebnelgsel il nm Ne{eilJeve{m_ne{g{i}m, Snm oils{}ogil elc }ghgvegil inm {egh{iec rghh oil{gk}m i siogeh elc moilij

go cmpmhiqjml elc s{mlbnmlglb sekghggl Ebnelgsel,

Snm Bipm{ljml i ]vkmdgsel elc nm ECK

sne{m nm bieh i {mc}oglb qipm{ elc gjq{ipglbqmiqhms hgpms, Snm ri{d rm ci e ngs jmmglb gspgeh i }{nm{glb ngs bieh,

Gl eccggil i nm iogeh q{ib{ej( elc gjqi{

el k}sglmss i nm jmmglb( rm niqm nm benm{glb rghh sm{pm es e i{}j i{ nm cgso}ssgil inm moilijgo( siogeh elc cmpmhiqjml gss}ms

eoglb Oml{eh Esge(

elc nm Esge elcQeogo {mbgil es ernihm( elc gjqhm

jmlegil i elgo{gsgs q{ib{ejs inm {mbgils sems enm gjm i oilgl}

glb ri{hc o{gsgs, Snm cgpm{sm qe{gogqels i nmjmmglb im{ el gjqi{el iqqi{}lg i k}ghc

elc s{mlbnml {mhegilsngqs ejilb nm jelsmoi{s i siogm glpihpmc,

Ehilb rgn iogeh mpmls( nm ]vkmdgselI{belgvglb Oijjgmm nes q{mqe{mc e o}h}{eh

mpmls q{ib{ej i bgpm Ell}eh Jmmglb qe{gogqels elc b}mss nm iqqi{}lg i eou}eglnmjsmhpms rgn ]vkmdgsels o}h}{eh nm{gebm

elc ngsi{goeh jil}jmls( gloh}cglb nm }lgu}me{ongmo}{m i elogml Sesndml( _eje{delc(K}dne{e( elc Dngpe,

Snm jmmglbs nis og( Sesndml( gs eji}s es

ilm i nm ri{hcs sogmlom elc o}h}{eh omlm{s,Snm Eoecmjgo Iqm{e elc Kehhm Snme{m e{m e{ongmo}{ehh }lgu}m s{}o}{ms( rnghm Snme{goeh_u}e{m im{s jmmglb qe{gogqels e qheom i {mhe

elc mlfi nm ejkgmlom i ngs ngsi{go og,Hm jm ilom ebegl rmhoijm ehh qe{gogqels i

nm {c Ell}eh Jmmglb i nm Kie{c i Bipm{

li{s i nm ECK, G niqm i} mlfi i}{ kme}g}hoi}l{ elc k{glb ilc jmji{gms i i}{ mqm{gmloms nm{m i i}{ oihhmeb}ms( {gmlcs elc ejghgms e nijm

SNM BIPM[LJMLS I@

]VKMDG_SEL ELC SNM

ECK _NE[M SNM BIEH I@

[MC]OGLB QIPM[Sw ELC

GJQ[IPGLB QMIQHM_ HGPM_

SnM ]vKMdG_SEL

I[BELGvGLBOIJJGSSMM nE_Q[MQE[MC E

O]hS][Eh MpMLS_

Q[IB[EJ I[QE[SGOGQELS_ ELCB]M_S_ I SnM ECK

ELL]Eh JMMSGLB


17/104

@GMHC I@ M^QM[SG_M6


18/104

CME[ QE[SLM[_ ELC OIHHMEB]M_

Snm iqml figl*siod oijjm{ogeh keld ]vkmd Glc}s{geh elc Oils{}ogil Keld gs ilm

i` nm hmecglb }lgpm{seh oijjm{ogeh kelds i` nm [mq}khgo, G leloms he{bm glpmsjml

q{ifmos gl smoi{s s}on es igh elc bes( elc nm mlm{bw elc onmjgoeh glc}s{w, G ehsi

q{ipgcms e rgcm {elbm i` keldglb sm{pgoms i sjehh*soehm elc q{gpem k}sglmss, Snmkeld gs kmoijglb glo{mesglbhw glpihpmc gl he{bm*soehm s{}o}{eh {els`i{jegils( elc

glpmsjml q{ifmos il jicm{lgvegil( monlgoeh elc monlihibgoeh {m*mu}gqjml i`

glc}s{w( s}qqi{ elc lelogeh gjq{ipmjml i` mlm{q{gsms( elc cwlejgo glo{mesm i`

{msi}{om kesms, Oilselhw msoeheglb glpmsjml qimlgeh( ngbn hmpmhs i` oeqgehgvegil(

elc cgpm{sgoegil i` lelogeh {msi}{oms mls}{m ne nm keld nes el eogpm {ihm gl nm

[mq}khgos glpmsjml q{ib{ej elc msekhgsnms nm IF_OK ]vq{ijs{iwkeld es ilm

i` nm he{bms glpmsjml omlm{s i` ]vkmdgsel icew,


19/104

Snm ngbn hmpmh i` sm{pgom( {mhgekghgw q{ipmc kw gjm( m~oh}sgpm q{i`mssgilehgsj i`

jelebmjml( mògmlow gl ri{d( }loilcggileh sem s}qqi{( elc ecmu}em oeqgehgvegil

ehhir nm keld i snir sekhm lelogeh {ms}hs i` eogpgw `{ij wme{ i wme{,

Rm m~q{mss sglom{m eqq{mogegil i sne{mnihcm{s( ohgmls elc qe{lm{s ì{ nmg{ {}s(

j}}eh }lcm{selcglb elc s}oomss`}h oiiqm{egil, Rm ess}{m nmj ne nm IF_OK

]vq{ijs{iwkeld rghh ìhhir nm q{gi{ggms i` smecw bipm{ljml elc m``mogpm

cmpmhiqjml( elc ne g rghh k{glb gs ri{nw oil{gk}gil i nm cmpmhiqjml i`

]vkmdgsels moilijw,

Rm e{m ehrews iqml ì{ lmr qe{lm{s elc oiiqm{egil,


20/104

@{ij Silbe i Sesndml(ECK gs k{gcbglb

qmiqhm elc qheoms,ECK nes e jgssgili {mc}om qipm{w elc gjq{ipm nm u}ehgw i hg m

i qmiqhm gl Esge elc nm Qeog go, Rmpm kmml e g i{ ji{m nel 31 wme{s,

@}lcglb s}seglekhm gl`{es{}o}{m i k{glb mlm{bw( ohmel rem{( elc selgegil i ehh,

E nm i{m`{il i ohgjem onelbm m``i{s, _}qqi{glb {elsqi{ elc

oijj}lgoegil q{ifmos, I``m{glb jgo{i glelom i rijml, Q{ipgcglb qihgow s}qqi{

elc m~qm{gsm i legileh elc hioeh bipm{ljmls, Q{ijiglb {mbgileh oiiqm{egil

elc cmpmhiqjml, K{gcbglb qmiqhm elc qheoms rnm{mpm{ rm ri{d,

@{ij 5 i 3 Jew( cmhmbems {ij 02 jmjkm{ oi}l{gms rghh oijm ibmnm{ gl

Sesndml( ]vkmdgsel( i{ ECKs 3?{c Ell}eh Jmmglb i nm Kie{c i Bipm{li{s i

cgso}ss cmpmhiqjml gss}ms i{ nm {mbgil, Si glc i} ji{m( pgsg rrr,eck,i{b,

rrr,eck,i{b


21/104E_GEL CMPMHIQJMLS KELD x ;151 ;

GLS[IC]OSGI

SNG_ wME[_ JMMSGLB RGHH

GLOH]CM E [IK]_S JML]

I@ _MJGLE[_ GL RNGON ECK

I@@GOGEH_( BIPM[LJMLS

HMECM[_( ELC Q[GPESM

_MOSI[ M~QM[S_ RGHH

KM EKHM SI QE[SGOGQESM

Snm ell}eh jmmglbs i nm Esgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld .ECK' e{m se}i{

iooesgils i{ nm Bipm{li{s i ECKsjmjkm{s i q{ipgcm b}gcelom il ECK

ecjglgs{egpm( lelogeh( elc iqm{egileh cg{mogils, Snm jmmglbs q{ipgcm iqqi{}lggms i{

jmjkm{ bipm{ljmls i glm{eo rgn ECK se4lilbipm{ljml i{belgvegils4 jmjkm{s i nmjmcge4 elc {mq{msmlegpms i iksm{pm{ oi}l{gms(

glm{legileh i{belgvegils( eoecmjm( elc nmq{gpem smoi{,

Ell}eh jmmglbs( rngon e{m nmhc gl e jmjkm{oi}l{ gl hemEq{gh i{ me{hJe meon me{( e{m

emlcmc k jglgsm{s i lelom elc moilijgoqhellglb( smlgi{ bipm{ljml iogehs( {mq{msml

egpms i nm j}hghem{eh cmpmhiqjml keld

oijj}lg( glpmsjmlkeldm{s( {mq{msmlegpmsi lilbipm{ljml i{be

lgvegils( elc jmjkm{si nm jmcge,

ECKs {c Ell}ehJmmglb( i km nmhc

e nm ]vmqioml{mOml{eh Mngkggil Nehh(

Rmhoijm i nm {c Ell}eh Jmmglb i nm Kie{ci Bipm{li{s i nm Esgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld

IQQI{S]LGSGM_ EnMECgl Sesndml( ]vkmdgsel( rghh glpihpm eki} (cmhmbems elc rghh je{d nm {s gjm ne ECK

nes nmhc gs ell}eh jmmglb gl Oml{eh Esge,Sngs me{s jmmglb rghh gloh}cm e {ik}s jml}

i smjgle{s e rngon ECK iogehs( bipm{ljmlhmecm{s( elc q{gpem smoi{ mqm{s rghh km ekhm i

qe{gogqem gl cgso}ssgils cmcgoemc i dm gss}ms,Snm Qmiqhms [mq}khgo i Ongle( Glcge( nm HeiQmiqhms Cmjio{ego [mq}khgo( elc nm nis oi}l

{ ]vkmdgsel rghh ehsi im{ q{msmlegils,Snm smjgle{s gloh}cm6 Oggms i{ nm s Oml}

{ elc nm Lmr Jel{e i [s[mc}om( [m}sm([moohm4 Esgel Glmb{egil elc Bhikeh B{irn4

Cmpmhiqjml Mmogpmlmss [mpgmr 6 ECK_oi{moe{c4 @gleloglb Ohgjem Onelbm elc_}seglekhm Cmpmhiqjml Eogil gl Esge elc nmQeogo4 [mi{j i nm Bhikeh Jilme{ _smj4

Hgldglb Esges Oeqgeh Je{dms .sqilsi{mc k_elce{c & Qii{s'4 Glsg}gileh Glpmsi{s [i}lcekhm6 B{mml _niis i [moipm{Q{isqmos i{

Esge gl nm Lmr Moilij4 elc Qis O{gsgs Ebmlce i{ Esge,

ECKs {c Ell}eh Jmmglb i nm Kie{c iBipm{li{s rghh im{ e cgpm{sm {elbm i pigoms

cgso}ssglb nm moilijgo elc cmpmhiqjml gss}msi nm {mbgil,


22/104

L]JKM[ ILM

__E Gss}m{ gl nm je{dm

rrr,j}lgstl,st

J}lgogqehgw @}lcglb Qho

JSL*g6 Je{dms Onigom( __E Gss}m{ i` nm Wme{,

J}lgogqehgw @glelom Qho gs nm jis {mhgekhm( eogpm

elc gllipegpm o{mcg glsg}gil ne i``m{s e cgpm{sm

{elbm i` stlelogeh sm{pgoms `i{ j}lgogqeh smoi{

glpmsjmls elc sem*s}ksgcgsmc ni}sglb q{ic}ogil

gl @glhelc,

J}lgogqehgw @glelom Qho

nes kmml smhmomc kw he{bm

glm{legileh kelds es

hes wme{s kms gss}m{ gl

nm q}khgo smoi{ mlggms

oembi{w, Hm }s u}im i}{

pim{s6

G gs li ilm nglb ne jedms nmj biic(

k} e rnihm qeodebm q} ibmnm{,

*]_ Keld*

Snm{m e{m pe{gi}s hghm nglbs ne sm nmj

eqe{, Snmw e{m iqml i ehh wqms i` `}lcglb(

pelghhe elc s{}o}{mc, Snmw e{m nm gss}m{

ne sews wms,

*M}{ivilm Keld*


23/104

BIPM[LI[_ JM__EBM

_}QQI{SGLb E_GE_Q{GPESM _MoSI{

Snmw e{m nm keodkilm i nm moilijw, G gsnm{mi{m pgeh ne nmsm oijqelgms gl qe{go}he{

{momgpm s}qqi{,Snm q{gpem smoi{ ehsi qhews el gjqi{el {ihm gl

q{ijiglb moihibgoehhw s}seglekhm cmpmhiqjml,[mlmrekhm mlm{bw elc mlm{bw mogmlow e{m e{mes

rnm{m q{gpem mlm{q{gsms oel jedm sgblgoeloil{gk}gils gl nm bn ebegls ohgjem onelbmkw {elsm{{glb nmg{ mlpg{iljmlehhw {gmlchw

monlihibgms i cmpmhiqglb oi}l{gms,Nirmpm{( gl jelw qe{lm{ oi}l{gms s{}o*

}{eh cmogs sghh nglcm{ nm cmpmhiqjml i eoijqmggpm q{gpem smoi{, Gl i{cm{ i o{mem e

k}sglmss*{gmlchw mlpg{iljml elc ism{ cwlej*go ml{mq{mlm}{geh eogpggms( nm qihggoeh( hmbehelc glsg}gileh {ejmri{d j}s km gjq{ipmc,

Eoomss i lelogeh sm{pgoms( gl qe{go}he{ i{

jgo{i( sjehh elc jmcg}j*sgvmc oijqelgms( gso{}ogeh gl ngs oilm~,

Bm{jelw }hhw s}qqi{s ECKs eogpggms gl

m{js i }{nm{glb nm cmpmhiqjml i nm q{gpemsmoi{ gl gs cmpmhiqglb jmjkm{ oi}l{gms, Glqe{go}he{( rm rmhoijm nm eo ne ECK glmlcsi soehm }q gs eogpggms gl s}qqi{ i nm q{gpem

smoi{ sgblgoelhw es qe{ i gs _{embw ;1;1(elc ne cmpmhiqjml m`mogpmlmss elc {ms}hs*i{gmlegil e{m i oi{m gjqi{elom i ECK,

Rm hiid i{re{c i e q{ic}ogpm jmmglb gl

nm ngsi{go ogw i Sesndml elc e pgk{el cgso}s*sgil i nm gjqi{el gss}ms eoglb Esge elcnm Qeogo

Snm 3?{c Ell}eh Jmmglb i nm EsgelCmpmhiqjml Keld .ECK' gs edglb

qheom c}{glb e o{}ogeh gjm i{ nm Esgeelc Qeogo {mbgil, Es nm ri{hc {moip*

m{s {ij nm bhikeh moilijgo o{gsgs( s}qqi{ i{cmpmhiqjml gl nm {mbgil elc ri{hcrgcm gs lir

ji{m gjqi{el nel mpm{,Bm{jelw( e i}lcglb jmjkm{ i nm Esgel

Cmpmhiqjml Keld( gs nm ng{c he{bms sne{mnihc*

m{ ejilb gs lil*{mbgileh jmjkm{s, Bm{jelwgs e pgbi{i}s s}qqi{m{ i siogehhw gloh}sgpm elcmoihibgoehhw s}seglekhm moilijgo cmpmhiqjmlri{hcrgcm, Gl i{cm{ i nmhq nm qii{( Bm{je*

lw ism{s cmpmhiqjml n{i}bn kin kghem{ehgls{}jmls elc j}hghem{eh i{belgvegils s}ones ECK,

Ilm ioeh e{me i s}qqi{ }lcm{ nm lmr

Bm{jel bipm{ljml gs nm cmpmhiqjml i nmq{gpem smoi{, Bm{jelw gs nm he{bms kghem{ehcili{ gl ngs e{me, Rm e{m oilpglomc ne s}qqi{*

glb nm q{gpem smoi{ gs nm jis m`mogpm rew io{meglb mjqhiwjml elc gloijm, Q{gpem smoi{eogpgw gs dmw i jikghgvglb cijmsgo {msi}{omselc bnglb qipm{w elc i o{meglb el mlpg{il*

jml i {mmcij gl rngon ehh glcgpgc}ehs oel {meh*gvm nmg{ moilijgo qimlgeh,

Eooi{cglb i nm ]lgmc Legils Glc}s{gehCmpmhiqjml I{belgvegil .]LGCI'( jgo{i(

sjehh elc jmcg}j*sgvmc mlm{q{gsms oilsg}m 71qm{oml i ehh oijqelgms ri{hcrgcm elc mjqhiw01 qm{oml i qmiqhm gl cmpmhiqglb oi}l{gms

Snm Niliekhmbcl Diqq

Bipm{li{ i{ Bm{jelwgl nm EsgelCmpmhiqjml Keld

Qe{hgejmle{w _em_mo{me{w

@mcm{eh Jglgs{w `i{Moilijgo Oiiqm{egil elcCmpmhiqjml( Bm{jelw


24/104


25/104


26/104


27/104

BIPM[LI[_ JM__EBM

BHIKEH B[IRSNELC E_GE

g ked ec k kehe* jeeb*j, Gcge ugc e jc gjh ek; q g BCQ j gg(

cjegb g keg eh b ec

g g bheg,E kehegb br ed qhe g bhkeh

j( G rhc

hgd gbhgb ecq gbegrgg Ege *jg e jehh

k`geh keg rhcqgc e rgcr qqg ehh

g Ege eqgeh*gv b gke *

jg g bg ec hq g cgb d

j e bhkeh gg, Hgdeb kr gbkgbg hq g jgb eh egec khd ec qgcgb gjqc e jed G gd e e qgeh cjec g

E

3?c Eeh Jgb Ege Chqj Ked .ECK'(r be e egb gc

heb e b bhkeh gg(

jedgb k e bhc rhrhc, Rg ghg e Ege jgqc e( r

r e ked qe br, Re k ekh h eg

cejeb k eh beg e kegehhec g *

egehjg ec bhkeh j,

G ej eqq e Gcge( ehb rg j

jg g Ege( re e g re*gb bhkeh cr k e je, Gcge e c rhh g jgee hgd bhe qgg eqgehgve*

Snm Nili{ekhmQ{elek J}dnm{fmm

Bipm{li{ `i{ Glcge gl mEgel Cmpmiqjml Kel

Jglgm{ i` @glelm(Bipm{ljml i` Glcge

GlCGE( EHilB RGn

siJm inm{ moiliJGms

Gl EsGE( REs i{}lEm

Gl RmEnm{GlB nm BHiKEH

CiRl}{l Kmm{ nEl

JElw inm{s


28/104

BIPM[LI[_ JM__EBM_

bg( qeg*heh g Qqh

{qkhg ogeec Gcge( hck j ghc( b rg

be ge*bgeh qcgec ec rd(

e eehg h qhec k Ege bg g bhkeh , nr(bg e Ege Qeg` bg g e qeghehehhbgb qhe ke g bg ec

g cg jg~ j j cejg ecebgh jg rhc( bgeh gbe*g g gh e ehhb,

G ed g qqg b eg

GLCGEL @GLELoM

JGLG_sM[ Q[ELEK

J}dnM[fMM .hM@s'

ELC VnI}

^GEIon}EL(

BIPM[LI[(

QMIQhM_ KELd I@

onGLE .[GBns'

rd b be bhkeh gbe*

g( ghcgb hqhg qeg,

Ege rghh ge*gbh qhe e bhkeh

c g g * j e d g bh( b Egebr ec gbe*

g rhc k e kg ehh bhkeh

jg br, G q e ehh eg ehhb e r e qgc ggv h ghg br e rhc

qgc gec jg qqgg eckec e ehh g qqheg j qeed g jg qbeegc b br

BGpml nE nm EsGE QEoGGo

{mBGil Gs E QE{Go}HE{Hw

onEHHmlBGlB QHEom(

{mBGilEH GlmB{EGil

Gs GsmH E onEHHmlBm


29/104


30/104


31/104


32/104

OILLMOS

E@[GOE

SI SNM

RI[HC

& SNM RI[HCSI E@[GOE

HMS_

Rgn glm{legileh {mq{msmlegil gl ipm{ ?1 oi}l{gms e{i}lc nm ri{hc(

rm e{m ekhm i oijkglm i}{ hioeh je{dm m~qm{gsm elc lmri{d rgn

i}{ mjm{bglb je{dm oeqekghgw i jedm nm {gbn oillmogils,

rrr,selce{ckeld,oij)ogk

Jipglb @i{re{c

_elce{c Keld Qho rngon gs e jmjkm{ i` nm Hilcil _iod M~onelbm( nm Hilcil K}hhgil Je{dm Essiogegil elc nm Hilcil Jmeh M~onelbm elc e st{j e}ni{gsmc elc

{mb}hemc kw nm @glelogeh _m{pgoms E}ni{gw nes eqq{ipmc ngs ligom `i{ cgs{gk}gil gl eooi{celom rgn ]lgmc Dglbcij {mb}hei{w elc hmbgshegpm {mu}g{mjmls, JO 17)5?


33/104

BIPM[LI[_ JM__EBM

QIHGoGM_ ELCJME_}{M_ Ì{

KEHELoMC MoILIJGoB{IrSn GL SnM Q{os}on es ni}sglb i{ hir*gloijm {msgcmls( hgpmhg*niic*{mhemc q{ifmos gl {}{eh e{mes( siogeh }lcm{*edglbs( glcgbmli}s gllipegil( mlm{bw oilsm{pe*

gil( mjgssgil {mc}ogil elc moi*mlpg{iljmlq{imogil( gl el egj i s{mlbnml nm rmed hgldsgl moilijgo elc siogeh cmpmhiqjml elc }hhwkiis oils}jqgil kw glpmsjml,

Jmelrnghm( nm bipm{ljml gs qewglb b{mem{emlgil i nm kehelomc b{irn i cijmsgo elcm~m{leh cmjelc( bgpglb glomlgpms i mlm{q{gsms

i }qb{ecm nmg{ m~qi{ q{ic}os jg~( mloi}{eb*glb gjqi{ elc q{ijiglb {ecm s{}o}{m iqgjg*vegil elc glm{legileh qewjml kehelom,

Gl ;117( nm oil{gk}gil i cijmsgo cmjelc

i BCQ b{irn eji}lmc i 533,> qm{oml( mmo*gpmhw ismglb nm gjqeo i e sgblgòel c{iqgl lm m~qi{s, Snm Onglmsm bipm{ljml rghhjedm }{nm{ mi{s i m~qelc cijmsgo cmjelc(

gl qe{go}he{( oils}jqgil cmjelc( s{ilbhwecpelom moilijgo {ms{}o}{glb elc b{irnqem{l {elsi{jegil( elc k}ghc e jicmh i

moilijgo b{irn figlhw c{gpml kw oils}jq*gil( glpmsjml elc m~qi{( n}s q{ijiglbnm sekhm elc {mhegpmhw es cmpmhiqjml inm moilijw

Snm Onglmsm bipm{ljml eeonms b{megjqi{elom i kehelomc moilijgob{irn elc sgods i nm hilb*m{j s{e*

mbw i jedglb cijmsgo cmjelc m~qel*sgil nm kesgo iiglb i{ moilijgo cmpmhiqjml,

Rm nepm eogpmhw edml jmes}{ms i glo{mesm nmgloijm i }{kel elc {}{eh {msgcmls( gl qe{go}he{(

hir*gloijm b{i}qs( {egsm nm siogeh smo}{gw hmpmhelc o{mem epi{ekhm oilcggils i{ oils}jq*gil, Si mloi}{ebm ni}smnihc oils}jqgil( rm

nepm glo{mesmc m~qmlcg}{ms il e{mes {mhemc iqmiqhms hgpmhgniic( gloh}cglb mc}oegil4 nmehnoe{m4 siogeh smo}{gw4 fik o{megil4 o}h}{eh cmpmh*iqjml4 ni}sglb i{ hir*gloijm {msgcmls4 elc

gjq{ipmc qihgogms i{ }qb{ecglb nm s{}o}{m ioils}jqgil gl ni}sglb( jii{ pmngohms( mo,

Gl ;117( `leh oils}jqgil oil{gk}mc =;,=qm{oml i moilijgo b{irn( }q kw 0,> qm{oml*

ebm qigls ipm{ nm q{mpgi}s wme{, Glpmsjmlehsi b{mr smecghw, @{ij nm i}{n u}e{m{ i;11> i ;151( nm oml{eh bipm{ljml jecm lmr

glpmsjmls i 5,5> {ghhgil W}el( rngon ri}hcnmhq jikghgvm eccggileh siogeh glpmsjml rgnnm ieh glpmsjml {meonglb 3 {ghhgil W}el, Sngs3 {ghhgil W}el gs jeglhw i{ glpmsjml gl e{mes

Sm niliekhm^gm ^ml

Bipm{li{ ì{ nm Qmiqhms[mq}khgo i` Ongle gl nmEsgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld

Jglgsm{ i` @glelom(Qmiqhms [mq}khgo i` Ongle


34/104


35/104

BIpM[LI[_ JM__EBM

RIJML_ MoILIJGoMJQIRM{JMLS

eoomss i nmehn elc mc}oegil gs e c{gpglb i{om

i{ n}jel cmpmhiqjml( qipm{ {mc}ogil elcmoilijgo b{irn, Inm{ dm e{mes e{m eoomss ihelc elc q{iqm{ {gbns( eb{go}h}{eh cmpmhiqjml( ml{mq{mlm}{sngq elc siogeh q{imogil,

Snm Esgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld nes el gjqi{el{ihm i qhe gl mlekhglb q{ib{mss elc q{ijiglbrijmls {ihm es moilijgo eoi{s, Snm{m gs e lmmci {mjipm ke{{gm{s i mjehm ml{mq{mlm}{sngq(

mloi}{ebm gloh}sgpm lelogeh sm{pgoms elc {ecmqihgogms( elc i mls}{m mu}eh eoomss i cmoml elcq{ic}ogpm ri{d, Gl jel qheoms( jgo{io{mcg

gs eoomssgkhm i rijml k} s}on sonmjms ci liehres ecc{mss nm gss}m i nm sgvm elc c}{egili hiels rijml je lmmc, Jmes}{ms i ecc{mssnmsm gss}ms oi}hc gloh}cm glpmsglb gl q{ic}o

cmpmhiqjml ne {msqilcs i nm lmmc i{ he{bm{hiels elc hilbm{ m{js gl jgo{io{mcg q{ib{ejs,Oi}l{gms lmmc i {moiblgvm elc {mj}lm{emrijml gl nmg{ o{ggoeh {ihm es eb{go}h}{eh q{ic}o

m{s( elc lmmc essgselom gl ipm{oijglb {ms{gogpmheki{ je{dms es rmhh es siogeh elc o}h}{m li{jsne {ms{egl rijmls eogpggms,

Rm dlir ne nm mjqirm{jml i rijmlrghh nmhq qirm{ moilijgo b{irn, Hm }s figlhoilgl}m ngs gjqi{el ri{d, Esge oelli ei{ci moh}cm neh i gs ri{di{om

Rijml gl Esge mqm{gmlom e

qe beq i i qm{omloijqe{mc i jml, Snm hirqe{gogqegil {em i rijml

gl nm ri{di{om oiss Esge kghhgils i cihhe{s

ell}ehh, Rijmls moilijgo mjqirm{jmlgs gjqi{el i mls}{m bmlcm{ mu}ehg, G ehsis{mlbnmls moilijgo b{irn elc cmpmhiqjml,Glm{legileh {msme{on gs pm{ ohme{ il ngs, Gl

Glcge( kmrmml elc ( nm e{mes rgn nmngbnms qm{omlebm i rijml gl nm heki{ i{omser nm esms moilijgo b{irn( elc nm he{bms

{mc}ogils gl qipm{,Bmlcm{ mu}ehg gs e s{ilb qe{ i nm glm{le

gileh hmbeh {ejmri{d, Snm beqs kmrmml rijmlelc jml nepm le{{irmc, Onelbm gs qissgkhm, K}

cmsqgm nm q{ib{mss( nm{m e{m e{mes i oilom{l,Rijml e{m iml sghh cmlgmc iqqi{}lggms ihme{l( s}c( ri{d elc mlfi nmg{ }lcejmlehn}jel {gbns, Bmlcm{ glmu}ehggms {ms}h gl s}k

iqgjeh {msi}{om ehhioegils( elc nepm e lmbegpmgjqeo il b{irn,

Ilm i nm jis mogml res i gjq{ipm

n}jel {gbns elc siogeh f}sgom gs i o{mem oilcggils i{ rijml i cmpmhiq es moilijgo eoi{selc i bgpm glcgpgc}ehs b{mem{ {mmcij i onigomelc eogil Sne rijml oel oil{ih nmg{ irl

J, Fiedgj _jlm

Bim{li{ i{ _rmcml gl mEsgel Cmmiqjml Kel

_em _mo{me{ iGlm{legile CmmiqjmlOiiqm{egil

Jglgs{ i{ i{mgblEeg{s( _rmcml


36/104

CPM[SG_GLB @MES][M


37/104

BIpM[LI[_ JM__EBM

SnEGHELC_ MoILIJGoHELC_oEQMS

nm bhikeh moilijgo o{gsgsgs {msneqglb Sneghelcs moilijgo elclelogeh helcsoeqm, Q{gi{ i nm o{gsgs

nm bhikeh moilij res nmepgh gl}mlomc k nm Rms( rgn nm oils}jqgili{gmlmc],_, moilij mpm{glo{mesglb sqmlcglb( hmecglb ie he{bm eoo}j}hemc o}{{ml eooi}l cmog es nm

mqi{c{gpml oi}lm{qe{s onellmhmc nm s}{qh}skeod i s}qqi{ }{nm{ sqmlcglb, Gl inm{ ri{cs(nm bhikeh moilij es e rnihm res ii cmqmlcml

il nm mm{leh cmjelcs i Rmsm{l moilijgms,Rnml ngs cmjelc ehm{mc gl nm oilm i elmjm{bglb }{jigh gl nm lelogeh ssmj( nm bhikeh moilijgo o{gsgs res }lepigcekhm,

Rnghm nm{m nepm kmml glcgoegils ne nm ri{si nm moilijgo o{gsgs gs kmnglc }s gl ngs {mbgil(nm bhikeh moilij {mjegls e {gsd {ij mlcmjgomoilijgo elc lelogeh gjkeheloms rngon e{m li

s}seglekhm, Gl nm qiso{gsgs helcsoeqm( jismqi{c{gpml moilijgms e{m e {gsd {ij nmbhikeh {mkeheloglb q{iomss rngon rghh smm hgjgmc

mm{leh cmjelc {ij {ecggileh Rmsm{l moilijgms elc ji{m piheghm oeqgeh irs, Cmpmhiqglbmoilijgms j}s {mqisggil nmjsmhpms i{ e lmrb{irn qe{ecgbj,

Gl {msqilsm i nm gjqmlcglb onehhmlbms {ijngs bhikeh {mkeheloglb q{iomss( nm [ieh SnegBipm{ljml nes eciqmc n{mm s{embgms, Snm {ss{emb gs i s{mlbnml i}{ cijmsgo moilij

n{i}bn nm Bipm{ljmls oijq{mnmlsgpm jmcg}jm{j glpmsjml q{ib{ej ri{n Ken ,{ghhgil .]_C kghhgil', Snm Glpms i{ _{mlbn

oejqegbl gs jish oiloml{emc ilne{c elc si gl{es{}o}{m q{ifmos( rngon rghhli ilh glo{mesm cijmsgo oils}jqgil( jedmSneghelc hmss cmqmlcml il mm{leh cmjelc( k}

ehsi he e sihgc i}lcegil i{ nm q{gpem smoi{soijqmggpmlmss gl nm jmcg}j m{j,

Snm smoilc s{emb gs i q{ijim {ecm rgngl

Sm niliekhm

Dil oegdepelgfBim{li{ i{ Segelc glm Esgel CmmiqjmlKel

Jglgsm{ i glelom(Segelc

nm {mbgil n{i}bn @{mm S{ecm Hgkm{ehgvegil, Eji{m {ik}s {ecm elc glpmsjml s{}o}{m rghhkm ji{m ekhm i rgnselc {gsds e{gsglb {ij nm

bhikeh {mkeheloglb q{iomss es mqi{ cmsglegilsrghh kmoijm ji{m kehelomc( bgpml e he{bm{ q{iqi{gil i {ecm rgn Ongle elc inm{ oi}l{gms gl

Esge es snirl gl nm ekhm kmhir,

Snm ng{c s{emb gs i q{ijim {mbgileh oiiqm{egil gl E_MEL elc E_MEL$ {ejmri{ds,[mbgileh moilijgo glmb{egil elc oiiqm{egil

nepm {ms}hmc gl e j}hghem{eh jmonelgsj i semb}e{c ebegls qimlgeh piheghg gl oeqgeh ir,Il ngs( Sneghelc s{ilbh s}qqi{s nm msekhgsn

jml i nm Ongelb Jeg Glggegpm J}hghem{ehgsegil .OJGJ' }lcm{ E_MEL$( rngon gs nm {sj}hghem{eh o}{{mlo sreq e{{elbmjml gl Esge,

Sneghelc kmhgmpms ne OJGJ gs e o{}ogeh lel

ogeh gls{}jml rngon ri}hc q{ipgcm gjjmcgemlelogeh s}qqi{ n{i}bn o}{{mlo sreq {elseogils i nm OJGJ qe{gogqels eoglb kehelomiqejmls elc sni{m{j hgu}gcg, Ji{mipm{(

Sneghelc elc inm{ E_MEL$ oi}l{gms nepmeb{mmc i msekhgsn e {mbgileh moilijgo s}{pmghhelom }lg es el me{h re{lglb jmonelgsj i

cmmo sgbls i el gjqmlcglb moilijgo i{ lelogeh }{jigh, Snmsm jmonelgsjs rghh q{ijimsekghg gl lelogeh je{dms elc je nmhq iq{mpml }}{m lelogeh o{gsgs

_nE{M I` SnEG M^QI{S_ .-'

oI]LS{w ;113 ;117]_E 50,5- 51,7-M] 53,?- 51,=-

fEQEL 53,1- 51,?-Q[O 2,3- 51,0-E_MEL*7 ;;,1- ;5,?-

_i}{om6 Jeo{imoilijgo Qihgow K}{me}( @gsoeh Qihgow

I`om(Jglgs{w i @glelom( Sneghelc


38/104

oijq{mnmlsgpms{mlbn,,,cgpm{sm oeqekghggms

Je{whelcGlm{sem G*7= _mogil

511 Oi{{gci{6

#5 kghhgil ]_C q{ib{eji ecc m~q{mss ihh helms

Cmsgbl( cmsgbljelebmjml(q{io}{mjml( elcoils{}ogil ipm{sgbnjelebmjml i{ 5=oil{eos

Sihh bel{w elc ihhgl`{es{}o}{m cmsgbl({e``go iqm{egilehelehwsms

_}oomss`}h cmhgpm{w i`q{ib{ej il sonmc}hmelc rgngl k}cbm

Q}m{si [goiGshelc*rgcm S{elsqi{

Qhel6

S{elsqi{ swsmjqhel i q{ijimmoilijgo cmpmhiqjmlelc mlpg{iljmlehsmlsggpgw

Gloh}cms ehh jicms ngbnrew( {elsg(qmcms{gel( eg{qi{( elcsmeqi{

Sn{mm ehm{legpm

gjq{ipmjml qhels elce smhmomc qhel i` ;=q{ifmos

S{epmh cmjelc jicmh ielehwvm ngbnrew swsmjlmmcs

Lmr Cmhng

Oeqeogw Cmpmhiqjmlì{ nm LO[QK6

Smonlgoeh essgselom ì{oeqeogw cmpmhiqjmli` nm Legileh Oeqgeh[mbgil Qhellglb Kie{c.53 cgs{gos gl 3 sems(511$ ebmlogms'

Cmeghmc q{ifmo {mqi{si {egl LO[QK glq{ifmo q{mqe{egilq{iomssms

_{}o}{mc ri{dsniqs(monlgoeh hmo}{ms(

il*nm*fik {eglglbm~m{ogsms( s}cw i}{s(elc ecpgsi{w sm{pgoms

_wsmjs nepm kmmlmln}sgesgoehhwmjk{eomc elc {mecghwgjqhmjmlmc

Jilbihge@mesgkghgw _}cw i`

]dnee N}ceb

Besn}}l _}dneg

[eghrew Hglm6

_}cw i` ehgbljml

iqgils

Cmsgbl i` iqm{egileh{mu}g{mjmls

Moilijgo elc glelogeheqq{egseh( k}sglmss qhelelc keldekhm {mqi{

Mlpg{iljmleh gjqeosemjml( kghh iù}elggms( elc oismsgjegil

Oiloh}sgpm s}cwhmecglb i cmsgbl elcoils{}ogil i` lmr

{eghrew

rrr,Rghk}{_jgn,oij

LebehelcCmsgbl( Oils{}ogil

_}qm{pgsgil( elc

JelebmjmlOils}helow6

[mqheom 57 m~gsglb elcoils{}o 2 lmr rem{{msm{pig{s

[mqheom 75dj i`rem{ s}qqhw lmri{d(oils{}o 30dj i`smrm{ lmri{d

Cmpmhiqjml i` sihgcresm jelebmjmlswsmj

Q{mqe{egil i` iqm{egil

elc qm{ì{jelomjilgi{glb swsmjs

Q{ifmo se{ }q gl ;151


39/104

@I[MRI[

M~QELCGLb EooM__

SI @GLELoM GLE@bnELG_SELelc oijjm{ogeh keldslmomsse{w i bmlm{emmoilijgo eogpgw elc hew nm i}lcegil i{{mbgileh {ecm elc glpmsjml, Gl qe{lm{sngq rgninm{ jefi{ cili{s( nm ECK nes hmc bhikeh mi{s

i nmhq ilm i gs irl i}lcglb jmjkm{ semsjedm {meh q{ib{mss ire{cs eongmpglb e ji{m sekhmelc smo}{m }}{m i{ bmlm{egils i oijm,

Es rm oilgl}m ri{dglb ibmnm{ i nmhq nm

Ebnel qmiqhm k}ghc e kmm{ }}{m( mi{s igjq{ipm Ebnelgsels qnwsgoeh gl{es{}o}{m{mjegl pgeh, E nm sejm gjm( rm j}s oijqhm*

jml nism mi{s rgn e io}s il m~qelcglbeoomss i lelogeh sm{pgoms( msqmogehhw gl Ebnelg*sels {}{eh e{mes,

Sicew( hmss nel = qm{oml i Ebnels }sm kelds

elc nm i{jeh lelogeh swsmj, Snm {ms i nmqiq}hegil {mhgms il sjehh*soehm qm{sileh sepglbsi{ sni{*m{j hiels {ij {gmlcs elc ejghw( i{jedms ci rgni}, Rgni} eoomss i lelom(

Ebnel ml{mq{mlm}{s oelli b{ir nmg{ k}sg*lmssms( e{jm{s oelli glpms gl lmr iihs i{mu}gqjml( elc ejghgms oelli lc o{mcg i

gjq{ipm nmg{ hgpms, M~qelcglb eoomss i lelomgl Ebnelgsel gs e onehhmlbm, Ebnel kelds heodkin nm qnwsgoeh q{msmlom elc nm sqmogo m~qm{*gsm lmmcmc i k}ghc e oijjm{ogehhw s}seglekhm

Snm ]lgmc _ems oilb{e}hems nm

Esgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld .ECK' il gs3?{c Ell}eh Jmmglb i nm Kie{c iBipm{li{s, Es e i}lcglb jmjkm{ i

nm Keld( nm ]lgmc _ems gs q{i}c i nm ECKseooijqhgsnjmls ipm{ nm hes i}{ cmoecms elcoijjgmc i nm cmpmhiqjml biehs elc ikfmo*gpms i ECKs jmjkm{ sems, @i}lcmc gl e

qm{gic i qis*oil`go {moils{}ogil( rnmljelw jmjkm{ sems rm{m nmjsmhpms mjm{bglb{ij moilijgo cgshioegil elc }{jigh( nm ECK

nes {mqmemchw jm nm onehhmlbm i nmhqglb gsjis p}hlm{ekhm jmjkm{ sems k}ghc moilijgoswsmjs( o{mem fiks( elc ehhmpgem qipm{w i{

Esges qii{ms,

@ihhirglb gl ngs hilb {ecggil( rm oijjmlcnm Kelds s}seglmc mlbebmjml rgn Ebnel*gselilm i nm jis gjqi{el cmpmhiq*jml onehhmlbms eoglb nm glm{legileh cili{

oijj}lgw icew, Rne neqqmls gl Ebnelgselrghh nepm e{ {meonglb oilsmu}mloms i{ nm mlg{moilglml elc( glcmmc( nm ri{hc,

Snm ECK gs ilm i nm he{bms cili{s i Ebnelg*sel, Ipm{ nm qes mgbn wme{s nm ECK nes kmmlgls{}jmleh gl nmhqglb k}ghc Ebnelgsels gl{e*s{}o}{m{iecs qirm{ qhels g{{gbegil swsmjs

J{, Lmeh Rihgl

Cm} _m{me{ i` mS{mes}{( ]mc _emsi` Em{e


40/104

@I[MRI[C

k}sglmss i}sgcm i nm jefi{ }{kel omlm{s,Nirmpm{( nm onehhmlbm gs li gls}{ji}lekhm(

elc nm ECK oel qhew e dmw {ihm gl nmhqglb iecc{mss g,

@g{s( rm j}s nmhq Ebnel oijjm{ogehkelds i cmpmhiq q{ic}os elc sm{pgoms ne e{m

eghi{mc i {}{eh lmmcs, Snmsm gloh}cm sjehh*soehm cmjelc cmqisg elc sepglbs eooi}ls( elcsqmogo o{mcg eoghggms i{ sjehh elc jmcg}j*

sgvm mlm{q{gsms elc eb{go}h}{eh smoi{ hmlcglb,Sn{i}bn nm ECK( cili{s oel q{ipgcm keldsrgn nm {eglglb elc monlgoeh essgselom nenmw rghh lmmc i essmss oihhem{eh elc o{mc*

gri{nglmss gl {}{eh e{mes, Sngs rghh ehhirhmlcglb i km oijjm{ogehhw s}seglekhm( rgni}nepglb i {mhw il oishw elc cgsi{gile{w bipm{l*jml s}ksgcgms,

_moilc( rm oel essgs Ebnel kelds gl cmpmh*iqglb mhmo{ilgo qhei{js ne rghh ehhir nmji {meon {}{eh o}sijm{s rgni} nepglb i k}ghc

el m~qmlsgpm k{elon lmri{d eo{iss nm oi}l{w,Si q{ipgcm nm b{mems {meon e nm hirms ois(el mhmo{ilgo swsmj rghh km lmomsse{w( rnmnm{pge jikghm qnilms sje{ oe{cs i{ el m~qelcmc

mhmo{ilgo }lcs {elsm{ lmri{d, Snm{m e{mmonlgoeh( oijjm{ogeh( elc {mb}hei{w onehhmlbmsi smglb }q s}on e legil*rgcm swsmj( k} nm

s}oomss}h m~ejqhms i jikghm elc mhmo{ilgoqewjml swsmjs mhsmrnm{m gl nm ri{hc q{ipmne g oel km cilmelc ne g oel nmhq {els*

i{j hgpms i nm {}{eh qii{,Sngs gs e o{ggoeh qm{gic i{ Ebnelgsel elc el

iqqi{}lgw i{ ehh cili{s( msqmogehhw nm ECK(i jedm e hesglb cgm{mlom gl e oi}l{w mjm{b*glb {ij bmlm{egils i oil`go, Rm glpgm nm

ECK i qe{lm{ rgn nm ]lgmc _ems i nmhqm~qelc eoomss i {}{eh lelom gl Ebnelgsel,

Es rm hiid i nm }}{m( nm{m nes lmpm{ kmml e

ji{m gjqi{el gjm i cmmqml elc oilsihgcemcili{ mlbebmjml rgn i}{ Ebnel qe{lm{s,

Snm ]lgmc _ems gs qhmesmc i nepm cmmq*mlmc i}{ qe{lm{sngq rgn nm ECK i{ ji{m

nel i}{ cmoecms, Rm hiid i{re{c i oilgl}*glb i}{ qe{lm{sngq rgn nm ECK( qe{go}he{hwil Ebnelgsel( si ne nm Ebnel qmiqhm

e{m e q{ic}ogpm elc qisggpm i{om i{ onelbmgl nm Esge*Qeogo {mbgil i{ bmlm{egilsi oijm

M~qElCglb

EooM__ SI @glEloMgl E@bnElg_SElg_ E onEhhMlbM(

E_ @MRM[ SnEl

= qM[oMlS I@E@bnEl_ ]_M kEld_ElC SnM @I[jEh

@glElogEh _w_SMj


41/104

E M{ls & Wi}lb( rm{m q{i}c i s}qqi{

Esgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld gl gs jgssgil i`Jmmglb nm onehhmlbm i` bhikeh b{irn,

Hmpm{ebglb hmssils hme{lmc gl kin

nm bipm{ljml elc oijjm{ogeh smoi{s(

rm nmhq k{glb e `{msn qm{sqmogpm i wi}{

iqm{egils( nmhqglb i jedm nmj hmelm{

elc ji{m m``mogpm,

K}ghcglb e kmm{ iji{{ir {mehhw jedms

e cg``m{mlom,

mw,oij)bqs

K}ghcglb snm `}s}{m9


42/104


43/104E_GEL CMPMHIQJMLS KELD x ;151 3

G__]M_ EOGLB E_GE ELC SnM QEOGG

OGSGM_ J]_S

hMEC SnM REwGL Q[IJISGLB[M_I][OM

OIL_M[pESGILGLGSGESGpM_S

i km {msqilsgkhm i{ ehjis qm{oml

i legileh gloijm cims li oijm

rgni} e ois, Es nm jis ebb{mssgpm rmehnjedm{s elc fik q{ipgc

m{s( Esgel oggms ehsi }sm eki} qm{oml i nm

mlm{b oils}jmc k nmsm oi}l{gms elc bmlm{em eki} 2 qm{oml i nmg{ b{mmlni}sm besmjgssgils, Qm{ oeqge oe{kil cgigcm mjgssgilse{m ehjis es ngbn es nism i Rmsm{l oggms, Snm

{mbgil gs ehsi nijm i jghhgil }{kel qii{(elc gs rglmssglb el ipm{ehh qiq}hegil kiij i qm{oml qm{ me{, [gsglb qihh}gil elc sme hmpmhs

q} {ghhgils i cihhe{s i moilijgo i}q} elcn}lc{mcs i jghhgils i qmiqhm e {gsd, Bgpml nmsqmmc e rngon oggms e{m b{irglb( g gs glo{mes

glbh cgo}h i gbli{m nm n}bm mlpg{iljmlehonehhmlbms glpihpmc,

Snm s{egl il lil{mlmrekhm elc lgm {msi}{oms gs ipm{rnmhjglb rgn jghhgil qmiqhmfiglglb oggms meon me{mu}gpehml i (qmiqhm kmglb eccmc meon ce, Sngs cegh glo{mesm

{mu}g{ms nm oils{}ogil i ji{m nel (lmr crmhhglbs( dghijmm{s i lmr {iecs( elceccggileh gl{es{}o}{m i s}qqh ji{m nel

0 jmbehgm{s i qiekhm rem{,Lir ji{m nel mpm{( rm oil{il nm qm{ghs i

ni}bnhmss {msi}{om oils}jqgil( resm bmlm{egil( elc b{mmlni}sm bes mjgssgils, Snm onigoms

rm jedm ice rghh cmm{jglm nm mml i i}{oggms hgpekghg elc s}seglekghg gl nm }}{m,

Q{IJISGLb SnM?{s {MC]oM( {M]_M(ELC {MowoHM

O{meglb {msi}{ommogml moilijgms elc vm{iresm oggms


44/104

[]LLGLB nMEC

;151 x E_GEL CMPMHIQJMLS KELD33

RnES oGSGM_ oEL CI

Jedglb i}{ oggms ohmelm{ elc ji{m {msi}{ommogml {mu}g{ms lmr eqq{ieonms( lmr i{js imlbebmjml( elc kihcm{ oijjgjmls, Oggms j}shmec nm re gl q{ijiglb glggegpms ne jedm

{msi}{om oilsm{pegil e re i hgm, Es omlm{s iqiq}hegil( k}sglmss( elc mc}oegil( nm oel kmmmogpm onejqgils i{ ehm{glb o}{{ml q{ic}o

gil elc oils}jqgil qem{ls( elc oel q{ipgcmjicmhs ne legileh bipm{ljmls oel eciq,Sire{cs ngs mlc( nm [s .{mc}om( {m}sm( elc{moohm' eqq{ieon gs e biic se{glb qigl,

]{kel cmpmhiqjml {mu}g{ms e cmhgoem kehelomkmrmml moilijgo q{ic}ogpg( siogeh mu}g(elc moihibgoeh q{imogil, ]li{}lemh( nmmogmlo rgn rngon nm {mbgils helc( mlm{b(

gl{es{}o}{m( elc {elsqi{egil e{m }smc gl nm

{mbgil {mjegls hir k bhikeh selce{cs( hmecglb ingbn hmpmhs i resm qm{ }lg i i}q}, K jeleb

glb {msi}{oms ji{m mogmlh( oggms oel mhgjglemsijm i nmg{ resm elc o} cirl il nm lmmc i{{er jem{gehs,

Si eongmpm e og{o}he{ moilij( g gs lmomsse{i ecc{mss nm cgsoillmo kmrmml qhellm{s elcsm{pgom q{ipgcm{s( }{kel qhellglb elc leloglb( elc jis sgblgoelh {msi}{om qhellglb elc

}{kel cmpmhiqjml {ejmri{ds, E rnihmssmjeqq{ieon lmmcs i km eqqhgmc gl nm cmsgbl ik}ghcglbs( helcsoeqms( elc sm{pgom gl{es{}o}{mi {mmo nm bieh i o{meglb vm{iresm( smh

s}ogml oggms,Bgpml nmg{ le{{ir soeh kesms elc hgjgmc

eoomss i je{dmkesmc lelom( oggms lmmc e biicjg i gloijmbmlm{eglb eogpggms( k}cbm {els


45/104

[]LLGLB nME

E_GEL CMPMHIQJMLS KELD x ;151 3

SnM ECK*_]QQI[SMChEnMLCILBBMISnM[JEh

QhELS( GL JELECI(

GLCILM_GE(nE[LM__M_ SnMME[Sn_ QIRM[

SI Q[IpGCM OhMEL(_]_SEGLEKhM MLM[Bw

m{s( glomlgpms( elc o{megpm {mb}hei{ qihgogms

i iqgjgvm {msi}{om }sm,Glc}s{gms ne }sm q{ingkgmc jem{gehs( o{mem

momssgpm qihh}gil( i{ mommc hgjgs il {erjem{gehs sni}hc eom hmbeh elc lelogeh qmleh

gms, Sn{i}bn vilglb( k}ghcglb oicms( elc nmqm{jgglb q{iomss( oggms oel mloi}{ebm k}ghcglb cmsgbls ne oilsm{pm mlm{b elc {msi}{oms,Mlm{q{gsm cmpmhiqjml oel ehsi s}qqi{ hir

mlm{b( vm{ioe{kil( elc {moohglb monlihibgms(elc oel q{ipgcm glomlgpms i{ nm sem {m}sm iglc}s{geh kq{ic}os, Mejqhms i }sglb nm

je{dm i mlnelom {mb}hegils gloh}cm nm M}{iqmel ]lgil Mjgssgil S{ecglb _smj elc nm oeqelc{ecm qihgogms gl{ic}omc gl nm ]lgmc _emsgl nm s i {mc}om eogc {egl, Si km mmogpm(

qihgogms j}s km s{ilb mli}bn i mls}{m oijqhg

elom k} mgkhm mli}bn i eooijjicem sqmogoeqq{ieonms i jmm nm sejm {mu}g{mjmls,

Bipm{ljmls sni}hc oijqhmjml nmsmjmes}{ms k s}qqi{glb gllipegils gl mlm{bs}qqh gl{es{}o}{m( mlm{b mogmlo monlihi

bgms( {msi}{omsepglb q{goglb sonmjms( selce{cskesmc {mb}hegil i{ mlm{b mogmlo( elc }{kelcmjils{egil qghi q{ib{ejs,

Og jelebm{s lmmc gjmh gli{jegil il{msi}{omsepglb eqq{ieonms ne nepm kmml

s}oomss}h mhsmrnm{m elc oel km eqqhgmc hioehhelc ji{m k{iech, Res j}s km i}lc i cgssmjglem q{eogoeh dlirnir elc mqm{gmloms n{i}bn

qmm{ lmri{ds( {mbgileh dlirhmcbm n}ks( oijqmggpmlmss elehsms( og pgsgilglb mm{ogsms( elcs}qqi{ i{ mlpg{iljmleh cmjils{egil qghiq{ib{ejs, Hesh( nm{m gs e lmmc i mlbebm oggvmls


46/104


47/1043E_GEL CMPMHIQJMLS KELD x ;151

G__]M_ EOGLB E_GE ELC SnM QEOGG

E S[GOwOhM ]_GLBhGu]MGMC

QMS[IhM]J BE_,E_GEL OGSGM_ J]_SJILGSI[ SnMMLpG[ILJMLSEh

GJQEOS_ I SnMG[Q[IC]OSGIL ELCOIL_]JQSGIL

gl k}cbmglb( glpmsjml qhellglb( elc q{ipgcglbmmckeod il sm{pgom cmhgpm{ n{i}bn s}{pms( oggvml {mqi{ oe{cs( elc qm{i{jelom kmlonje{ds,

Q{IJISGLb SnM oG{o]HE{ MoILIJwSnm [s eqq{ieon nes kmml e{i}lc i{ cmoecms(qe{go}he{h gl nm e{mes i sihgc resm jelebm

jml( mlm{b oilsm{pegil( qihh}gil oil{ih( elcrem{ {m}sm, Nirmpm{( gs eqqhgoegil gs he{bmhsqi{ecgo elc sjehhsoehm( elc g gs {e{mh gloh}cmcgl legileh hmbgshegil, _i e{( f}s ilm cmpmhiq

glb Esgel oi}l{ nes eciqmc ngs eqq{ieon es eoml{eh qheld i gs legileh qihgo i ecc{mss nmmlpg{iljmleh oiss i {eqgc b{irn,

Gl ( nm Qmiqhms [mq}khgo i Ongle .Q[O'

eciqmc nm Og{o}he{ Moilij eqq{ieon i jegls{mej eogpggms ne {mc}om( {m}sm( elc {moohmjem{gehs elc jglgjgvm mlpg{iljmleh gjqeos, G

glmb{ems ohmelm{ q{ic}ogil elc glc}s{geh moihib gl e k{iecm{ ssmj mloijqessglb glc}s{geh{js( lmri{ds i{ onegls i {js( moiglc}s{geh

qe{ds( elc {mbgileh gl{es{}o}{m i s}qqi{{msi}{om iqgjgvegil,

]lhgdm og{o}he{ moilij hers gl cmpmhiqmcoi}l{gms( nm Q[Os s{embgo ikfmogpm gs ieongmpm mlm{b mogmlo {enm{ nel i {mc}om

resm, _}qqhglb mlm{b i mmc nm b{irglb moilij nes kmoijm e sm{gi}s oilom{l gl nm Q[O( elcq{ijiglb nm og{o}he{ moilij gs ilm {msqilsm,

Snm og{o}he{ moilij her jelcems ne jel}eo}{m{s li ilh {moohm rnml g gs moilijgoehhecpelebmi}s( k} ehsi sepm rem{( {m{egl {ij}sglb om{egl igo jem{gehs( elc lc res i

{m}sm i{ smhh glc}s{geh resm, G ehsi {mu}g{ms he{bm

oggms i {me e hmes 2 qm{oml i nmg{ resmrem{ elc ikhgbms glc}s{geh mlm{q{gsms i }sm{moohmc resmrem{,

Es e {ms}h( nm{m gs lir e cmjelc i{ resmrem{ {mejml qhels i smhh ngbnu}ehg {moohmc resmrem{ i glc}s{geh mlm{q{gsms, Sngsjicmh {mc}oms b{i}lcrem{ elc s}{eom rem{

}sm elc q{ipgcms eccggileh {mpml}m i{ nm {mejml qhels, Elinm{ q{ijgsglb jicmh gs nmq{ijigil i resmrem{ {m}sm i{ helcsoeqglb(

b{mmlglb( elc {mo{megil qe{ds gl jefi{ glc}s{geh oijqhmms, [m}sglb {memc resmrem{ neseh{mec kmlmmc jis i nm Q[Os oggms elcmoilijgo vilms,

Rnghm nm hers }hh i{om nes m i km {mehgvmc(nm Q[O nes edml nm {s smqs i one{ e lmroi}{sm, Inm{ Esgel oi}l{gms oel hme{l {ij nmoi}l{s mqm{gmloms gl gjqhmjmlglb qihgo(

k}ghcglb oeqeog( elc mlhgsglb q}khgo s}qqi{ ieongmpm e og{o}he{ moilij,

JIPGLb SIRE{C E _JEHHM{MLPG{ILJMLSEH `IISQ{GLSJegleglglb b{irn gl nm oilm i {eqgc}{kelgvegil {mu}g{ms Esgel oggms i mejglm

nm mlpg{iljmleh gjqeos i nmg{ q{ic}ogilelc oils}jqgil kmilc nm og i{ j}lgogqeh f}{gscgogil, Sngs ehsi jmels bgpglb sm{gi}soilsgcm{egil i nm lgm le}{m i {msi}{oms gl

nm rgcm{ legileh( {mbgileh( elc glm{legilehoilms, Ohme{ e{bms( s}qqi{mc k mlekhglbhmbgshegpm( qihggoeh( monlgoeh( elc lelogeh

jmes}{ms( oel jglgjgvm nm moihibgoeh iiq{gli Esges oggms,


48/104;151 x E_GEL CMPMHIQJMLS KELD3>

Gss}ms @eoGlb esGe elc nm QeoG@Go

El glmb{emc Esge elc Qeogo selcs nmkms onelom i q{ijiglb gloh}sgpm b{irnc}{glb nm bhikeh moilijgo cirl}{l

E_GE ELC SnM QEoG`GoRI{DGLb SIbMSnM{

SI _S{MLbSnML SnMbHIKEH MoILIJw

_glom mjm{bglb {ij nm lelogeh o{gsgs i

5772577>( Esgel oi}l{gms nepm qheomcb{mem{ mjqnesgs il ri{dglb ibmn*m{, Kmm{ cgehib}m( glo{mesmc qmiqhm*

i*qmiqhm m~onelbm( ji{m moilijgo gms( elc

gjq{ipmc qnwsgoeh oillmogpgw nepm k}gh s{il*bm{ hglds n{i}bni} nm {mbgil,

Es Esgel legils b{eqqhm rgn nm oilsm*

u}mloms i nm o}{{ml bhikeh moilijgo cirl*

}{l( {mbgileh oiiqm{egil elc glmb{egil nesedml il b{mem{ }{bmlow elc ngbnhgbnmc lmr

e{mes i oilom{l,Snm o}{{ml o{gsgs nes ngbnhgbnmc nm lmmc i{

ji{m mmogpm elc ni}bn}h lelogeh {mb}hegil,

Snm ]lgmc _ems elc nm oi}l{gms i M}{iqmnepm wm i oijm }q rgn e }lgmc i{ ne{ji*lgvmc eqq{ieon4 elc gl Esge( rnm{m moilijgoelc siogeh cgm{mloms e{m pm{w q{ili}lomc( nm


49/104E_GEL CMPMHIQJMLS KELD x ;151 3

Gss}ms @eoGlb esGe elc nm QeoG@G

gl{glsgo {mhegilsngqs kmrmml oii{cglegil i{mbgileh jilme{w elc soeh qihgogms i{ b{mem{

mògmlow elc glmb{egil,

E_GEL GLSMb{ESGIL GL GS_ GLÈLow

]lhgdm gl M}{iqm( rnm{m bipm{ljmls cmhmbemc

smpm{eh qirm{s i s{ilb {mbgileh glsg}gils(

glmb{egil gl Esge si e{ nes kmml c{gpml kwje{dms, Esgel glmb{egil {mjegls io}smc ji{mil moilijgo gss}ms nel il qihggoeh oilom{ls(

elc g gs }lohme{ i rne m~ml legils gl nm{mbgil ri}hc km mebm{ i oijq{ijgsm nmg{sipm{mgblw i figl ibmnm{,

K} es el moilijgo i{om( Esgel oi}l{gmsnepm j}on i begl {ij b{mem{ glmb{egil, Es

Esge oilgl}ms i b{ir( gs moilijgo elc lel*ogeh qirm{ nes kmoijm s}kselgeh, Kw ;1;1(

Esges b{iss cijmsgo q{ic}o gs hgdmhw i km =1qm{oml he{bm{ nel ne i nm M}{iqmel ]lgili{ Li{n Ejm{goe( eooi{cglb i Mjm{bglb Esgel

[mbgilehgsj( E Qe{lm{sngq ì{ _ne{mc Q{isqm{gw( e

helcje{d s}cw il Esgel glmb{egil oilc}omckw nm Esgel Cmpmhiqjml Keld .ECK',

Jis gjqi{elhw( nm q{ifmogils s}bbms ne

Esges {mbgileh hglds e{m hgdmhw i glmlsgw }{nm{6il nm cmjelc sgcm( nm {mbgils sqmlcglb qirm{gs sm i i}s{gq b{irn gl nm {ms i nm ri{hc4il nm s}qqhw sgcm( gs q{ic}ogil oeqekghggms e{m

hgdmhw i oilgl}m i m~qelc elc cgpm{sgw( nms}cw segc,

Qihgow jedm{s gl Esge elc nm Qeogo rghh kmesdmc rgn cmm{jglglb nir ohismhw nmg{ oi}l*

{gms elc moilijgms sni}hc km gmc ibmnm{( elcrne s}qqi{ swsmjs rghh lmmc i km gl qheom ijedm nmg{ qhels s}oommc,

_ijm iksm{pm{s e{b}m ne nm kms*oesm somle{giri}hc km el Esge rgn oijqhmmhw iqml ki{cm{selc iqml {ecm( s}on es nm pgsgil q{msmlmc kw

onehhmlbms i s}on {mb}hegil e{m mpml b{mem{,

Snm {mbgil nes cgpm{sm swsmjs i lelogeh {mb}*hegil rgn cgm{ml ebmlogms gl cgm{ml oi}l*{gms nelchglb cgm{ml }logils elc {msqilsg*

kghggms, E dmw u}msgil gs6 nir rghh Esge( rgn gscgpm{sm swsmjs( km ekhm i q{ipgcm e {mbgil*rgcm{msqilsm i nm onehhmlbms i s{mlbnmlglb lel*ogeh {mb}hegil9

Snm {mbgil ehsi lmmcs i {mkehelom gs b{irn kwglo{mesglb nm oil{gk}gil ne cijmsgo cmjelcelc gloijm oel q{ipgcm i moilijgo b{irn,Sngs( gl }{l( gjqhgms e sng ire{c sm{pgoms elc e

kmm{ u}ehgw i hgm i{ Esgel oggvmls gl nm hilb{}l, Es cijmsgo cmjelc glo{mesms( nm {elsggili Esges q{ic}ogil {ij q{gje{ghw el m~qi{

glc}s{wri*ng{cs i q{ic}os q{ic}omc glEsge e{m m~qi{mc {ij nm {mbgili el m~qel*sgil i {mbgileh m~qi{s rghh km e dmw onehhmlbmi{ {mbgileh oiiqm{egil gl wme{s i oijm,

Snm bhikeh moilijgo cirl}{l nes q{ipgcmcsijm gjqi{el glsgbns gli nm ri{dglb i

el eoohegjmc jicmh i moilijgo glmb{egil6nm eqq{ieon i jilme{w }lgil ihhirmc kw

nm M}{iqmel ]lgil, Snm M}{iqmel ]lgil gseoglb q{ikhmjs essiogemc rgn e heod i soehne{jilgvegil i oijqhmjml nm oijjil

o}{{mlow elc nm jilme{w qihgow cmogsgilsedml gl @{eld}{, Snm M}{iqmel Oml{eh Keldsms jilme{w qihgow i{ nm m}{ivilm( k} gsjmjkm{ legils cmogcm nmg{ irl soeh qihgow,

Sngs jicmh gs lir {mpmehglb gsmh i km gloil*b{}ml rgn nm lmmcs i{ e oijqhmm {mbgilehmoilijgo }lgil, Gl inm{ ri{cs( nm cmsgbl inm jilme{w }lgil cmogcmc rgn nm Jees{gon

S{mew i 577; eqqme{s i km gloijqhmm, Esgesonehhmlbm( es g ri{ds i s{mlbnml jilme{wqihgow oii{cglegil gl nm {mbgil( gs i hme{l

{ij M}{iqms m~qm{gmlom elc i {mehgvm nm


50/104

Hmlcglb i mjm{bglb je{dms {mjegls el glmb{eh qe{ i` i}{ oi{m eogpggms ì{ nm wme{s enmec,

E nm sejm gjm( J}hghem{ehs( s}on es ECK( e{m dmw qhewm{s gl q{ipgcglb stleloglb sih}gils i ìsm{

{ecm elc b{irn, Sicews hilb*selcglb {mhegilsngq kmrmml _iog Bl{ehm Oi{qi{em elc

Glpmsjml Keldglb elc J}hghem{eh Glsg}gils gs q{ipglb i km glo{mesglbhw eqq{iq{gem i{ i}{ ohgmls

gl nm o}{{ml bhikeh moilijgo ohgjem, Hghgelm H} elc _mqnel Ehmssgi( M~qi{ @glelom M~qm{s,

rrr,sbogk,oij

Hghgelm H}

_mqnel Ehmssgi

EO[I__ SNM RI[HC(

RM _SELC KW WI] RGSN M^QM[S _IH]SGIL_ GL M^QI[S @GLELO

HMECM[_ GL S[ECMEre{cs

;117

GLPM_SJMLS KELDGLB BHIKEH @GLELOM BHIKEH JE[DMS_

_iog Bl{ehm gs e o{mcg glsg}gil elc el glpmsjml sm{pgoms q{ipgcm{ .mlghmc i qm{ì{j elw keldglb eogpgw elc)i{ i q{ipgcm elw glpmsjml sm{pgom m~omq nm iqm{egil i` J}hghem{eh S{ecglb @eoghggms' e}ni{gsmc kw nm @{mlon Oijg cms ekhgssmjmlsO{cg m cms Ml{mq{gsms cGlpmsgssmjml( elc {mb}hemc kw nm @{mlon Oijjgssgil Keloeg{m elc nm E}i{g cms Je{ons @glelogm{s elc( ì{ nm oilc}o i` gs ]D k}sglmss( kw nm @glelogeh _m{pgoms E}ni{gw, _iog Bl{ehm kmlm`gs `{ij nm MO qesse}ni{gvglb nm q{ipgsgil i` glpmsjml sm{pgoms rgngl nm MME, Sngs jem{geh nes kmml q{mqe{mc sihmhw ì{ glì{jegil q}{qisms elc cims li oilsg}m el i``m{ `{ij _iog Bl{ehm i k}w i{ smhh i{ e sihgogegil i` el i``m{ i k}w i{ smhh elw smo}{gw i{ `glelgls{}jml( i{ qe{gogqem gl elw {ecglb s{embw, Li ehh `glelogeh gls{}jmls i``m{mc kw _iog Bl{ehm e{m epeghekhm gl ehh f}{gscgogils, Qhmesm oileo wi}{ hioeh i``gom ì{ elw `}{nm{ glì{jegil, ;151 _iog Bl{ehm B{i}q elc gs e``ghge

Rm selc kw wi}


51/104E_GEL CMPMHIQJMLS KELD x ;151 =

Gss}ms @eoGlb esGe elc nm QeoG@G

ECK Q{msgcml Ne{}ngdi D}{ice gl el iqglgile{gohm q}khgsnmc gl nm _{egs Sgjms gl _mqmj*

km{ ;117,G mlpgsgil el Esge rnm{m oi}l{gms e{m

smejhmsshw oillmomc kw helc( sme( elc eg{4rnm{m nm{m e{m li ke{{gm{s i {ecm4 rnm{m

biics elc sm{pgoms jipm {mmhw eo{iss ki{cm{s4

rnm{m oeqgeh oel km {elsm{{mc }lgjqmcmc4el Esge rnm{m qmiqhm e{m {mm i smhm rnm{mnmw oel kms }sm nmg{ sdg hhs( Q{msgcml D}{ice

segc, G mlpgsgil el Esge ne eodhms onehhmlbmsibmnm{( gl e oihhmbgeh jellm{( rgn oijjilq}{qism, El Esge {mm {ij qipm{w( rnm{m

oi}l{gms i{bm s{ilb qe{lm{sngqs i{ sne{mcq{isqm{gw( elc rnm{m qihggoeh cgm{mloms e{mess}ebmc kw nm oijjil gcmeh i kmm{glb nmhgpms i i}{ oggvmls,

Rgn Esge elc nm Qeogo eooi}lglb i{ ji{mnel neh i nm bhikeh qiq}hegil elc ehjis ilm*ng{c i nm ri{hcs b{iss cijmsgo q{ic}o( ji{mglmb{egil gl nm {mbgil ri}hc hmec i {mjml*

ci}s moilijgo qirm{, Mlnelomc {mbgileh oiiq*m{egil ri}hc ehsi kmlm nm bhikeh moilijw(qe{go}he{hw g {ecm oilgl}ms i iqml }q eo{iss

nm ri{hc,

GLSMb{ESGIL MPIHPM_ `{IJ LMMC

Snm q}sn i msekhgsn {mbgileh glmb{egil

mjm{bmc em{ nm Esgel glelogeh o{gsgs i5772577>, Snm o{gsgs nmhqmc bipm{ljmls {meh*gvm ne cmsqgm s{}o}{eh cgm{mloms( nmwnec oijjil glm{mss, Oi}l{gms {ms{}o}{mc

nmg{ glelom swsmjs elc figlmc ibmnm{ imsekhgsn qhels i{ oiiqm{egil elc mjm{bmlowessgselom, _glom nml( nm {mbgil nes kmml ng

kw le}{eh cgsesm{s elc nmehn n{mes s}on essmpm{m eo}m {msqg{ei{w swlc{ijm ._E[_' elcepgel glh}mlve, Hmecm{s nepm smml nm peh}m iri{dglb ibmnm{ i ecc{mss sne{mc q{ikhmjs

elc oii{cglem {msqilsms,

Rgn {mhegpmhw hir rebms( siqngsgoemc mon*

lihibgms( elc el mc}oemc heki{ i{om( Esgeloi}l{gms nepm cijglemc nm jel}eo}{glbglc}s{w, Gl {moml wme{s( ecpeloms gl oijj}lg*oegils elc monlihibw nepm hmc i nm cmpmhiq*

jml i q{ic}ogil lmri{ds( rngon e{m kmoij*glb glo{mesglbhw gjqi{el gl nm {mbgil,

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]lgmc _ems,Sngs q{ebjego( m~gkhm eqq{ieon i oiiqm{e*

gil nes sijm ecpelebms6 oi}l{gms i{ s}k{m*

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cmmqm{ qe{lm{sngqs,Kw io}sglb il {ecm elc eo}eh q{ic}ogil

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G gs ehsi gjqi{el i {moiblgvm ne kmglbq{ebjego elc m~gkhm cims li jmel edglb ehegssmv èg{m eg}cm( Q{msgcml D}{ice segc gle ;11> sqmmon, Gl eo( Esgel hmecm{s eom nm

ce}lglb onehhmlbm i jelebglb nm mjm{bmlomi {mbgilehgsj, Sngs {mu}g{ms li f}s pgsgil( k}ehsi mmogpm oijj}lgoegil elc( rnml lmmcmc(

qihgow oii{cglegil i{ nm o{megil i oijjil{mbgileh glsg}gils,

M_SEKHG_nGLb Ì{JEH GLSMb{ESGIL

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i {ecm elc lelom je{dms,Jmjkm{s i nm Essiogegil i _i}nmes

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glpmsjml kw ;15=,

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Gl el mi{ i q{mpml e {mo}{{mlom i nm 5772oihheqsm( E_MEL jmjkm{ oi}l{gms( ehilb rgn

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j}hghem{ehgvmc, Snmsm oi}l{gms ehsi se{mc nm

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bgileh {ecm eb{mmjmls nepm j}hgqhgmc gl {momlwme{s, Gl eccggil i {ecm( nmsm eb{mmjmlsbmlm{ehhw ecc{mss lelogeh oilsgcm{egils( s}on

es glpmsjmls( elc egj i o{mem moilijgms isoehm ne oel oijqmm rgn nism eongmpmc kwnm Q[O elc Glcge,

Oilsihgceglb nmsm j}hgqhm elc ipm{heqqglb

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i lil*jmjkm{s ri}hc km {mhegpmhw sjehh( nms}cw sews,

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el iqml( {}hms*kesmc bhikeh swsmj i {ecm elcglpmsjml oilsgsml rgn nm {ejmri{d i nmRi{hc S{ecm I{belgvegil,

KMwILC S{ECM Eb{MMJMLS_ ELC `GLELoM

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elc kmwilc oi}hc {meon #5? {ghhgil,Kmrmml ;151 elc ;1;1( Esge lmmcs i glpms

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gl{es{}o}{m q{ifmos gl {elsqi{ elc mlm{bwne e{m gl nm qgqmhglm, I nmsm {mbgileh q{if*mos( ;5 ngbn q{gi{gw q{ifmos ne oi}hc kmgjqhmjmlmc kw ;15= e e ois i #5= kghhgil nepm

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el Glmb{emc

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53/104

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[EJ

El mssmlgeh qe{ i` Jehewsges lelogeh

helcsoeqm( [EJ [eglb _m{pgoms Km{nec .[EJ

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elc glcmqmlcml o{mcg iqglgils ne glpmsi{s

elc inm{ je{dm qe{gogqels lmmc( rgn e pgmr

i kmglb ji{m oilcml eki} nmg{ glpmsjml

elc lelogeh cmogsgils,

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q{ipgsgil i` o{mcg*{eglb sm{pgoms ì{ nm

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mloijqessms e pes {elbm i` hioeh elc ì{mgbl

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i{ ede`}h oijqelgms( bipm{ljml*hgldmc

elc inm{ q}khgo*lelomc mlggms( jw{gec

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cmlijglemc smo}{ggms nmw gss}m( s{}o}{mc*

lelom {elseogils keodmc kw {momgpekhms i{

inm{ lelogeh essms( elc Gshejgo smo}{ggms

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e es}m o{mcg mpeh}egils, ]lcm{soi{mc kwi}{ {mlirl gl nm {eglb k}sglmss( i}{ o{mcg

essmssjmls nepm kmml nekg}ehhw }smc es

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i bhikeh moilijgo b{irn( nm s}cw lims,Es e qirm{}h qhewm{ gl ri{hc {ecm( Esge oi}hc

k{glb lmr gcmes ne hmec i bhikeh q{ic}ogpgwbegls, Es Esgel oeqgeh je{dms kmoijm s{ilbm{

elc sem{( nmw rghh oil{gk}m i nm mògmlowelc sekghgw i bhikeh je{dms,

Rnghm Esgel {mbgilehgsj gs q{gje{ghw jigpe*

mc kw nm cmsg{m i ecpelom rmhe{m gl nm {mbgil(g ri}hc li ci si kw cm{eoglb {ij cmpmhiq*jml mhsmrnm{m( sems nm ECK s}cw Mjm{b*glb Esgel [mbgilehgsj( E Qe{lm{sngq ì{ _ne{mc

Q{isqm{gw, Il nm oil{e{w( Esgel {mbgilehgsjoel nmhq i s}segl bhikeh moilijgo q{ib{mss ee gjm rnml inm{ jefi{ {mbgils e{m {meonglbmoilijgo je}{gw,

M}{IQMELGLSMB{ESGILoIJQE{MC rGSnE_GEL GLSMB{ESGIL

e eg d q i kij ji{ g{( { g w ihiid i m{iq }gi jih, K { { gg g`{* kr ri {gi( i{g i eg m{iqp k {r i g{gi i{ g`{ {i, eg cphiq*

j Kd {qi{ Mjm{bglb Esgel [mbgilehgsj( E Qe{lm{sngq ì{ _ne{mcQ{isqm{gwqig i6

M}{iqm elcEsge nepm pm{w cgm{ml qihggoeh ngsi{gms, GlM}{iqm(Ri{h R{ GG {d khir i gihgj, lgi r p i ri{dg i{ {{ gqhw, G eg(Ri{h R{ GG {d khir i ihighgj, oi{g kj g*

q( gih ggw ghw ph, SnmM}{iqmelGlmb{egilQ{ifmokmbelgl57=2elcresc{gpmlkw

ip{j qihgw( rgh i iiq{ i { {gi*hgj g eg k r h{, bhikh iijg g{q*

g j {{ ir g r 01 w{ i( g jikghgw iqgh hki{( ~gg { {j p i k d giig{gi r {g g{gi {jri{d,

Bmib{eqngoehhw(qihggoehhw(o}h}{ehhw(elcmoilijgoehhw(nmoi}l{gmsi eg p { ji{ p{ggi i{g i m{iq,

KwnmgjmEsgeloi}l{gmsse{mcri{dglbibmnm{(jisneceh{mecwi{j g{ ir hikh gh {hgigq, G m{iq( qgh j{d

pihp ughhw { {gi i oijji J{d, GlM}{iqm(e`mroi}l{gmsesgjghe{sebmsi`cmpmhiqjmlì{jmc

i{ i gi, e g {r( ji{ gp{ ihhgi i i*{g r i jg~, G eg( {gih q{igi ri{d

p h{w i ji{ gp{ {iq i iijg, GlM}{iqm(qihggoehhmecm{selccgqhijesqhewmcedmw{ihmglqhel*

g {g {j, G eg( j{d i{ { jigpg

g{gi,


55/104


56/104


57/104

Rm e{m oilselhw {mjglcmc ne le}{eh

cgsesm{s e{m }lì{msmmekhm gl nmg{ gjglb

elc }lq{mcgoekhm gl nmg{ gjqeo, El msg*

jemc ?,3 kghhgil qmiqhm ri{hcrgcm e{m

eh{mecw n{memlmc kw le}{eh neve{cs(

elc gls}{mc hissms `{ij le}{eh oees{i*

qnms nepm f}jqmc `{ij el epm{ebm

]_C =,5 kghhgil qm{ wme{ gl nm qm{gic

5721>7 i ]_C ;2 kghhgil ell}ehhw ipm{

nm hes ri cmoecms, Kw ;1?1( glo{mesglb

ohgjem {gsds oi}hc ois oi}l{gms }q i57 qm{oml i` nmg{ ieh b{iss cijmsgo

q{ic}o( eooi{cglb i nm ;117 {mqi{

_neqglb Ohgjem*[msghgml Cmpmhiqjml

kw nm Moilijgos i` Ohgjem Eceqegil

.MOE' ri{dglb b{i}q, Es e {ms}h ( jelw

oi}l{gms }{bmlhw lmmc i lc rews i

ecc{mss nm {gsds ne e{m n{memlglb nmj,

Snm MOE s}cw lcs ne 0> qm{oml i` nm

m~qmomc hissms `{ij ohgjem onelbm oel

km epm{mc }sglb eqq{iq{gem eceqegil

jmes}{ms, Elc ì{ cejebm ne oelli km

q{mpmlmc e e f}sgekhm m~qmlsm( bipm{l*

jmls oel i*hiec {gsd i nm q{gpem gls}{*

elom elc oeqgeh je{dms, Wm( nm m~eo {ihm

i` gls}{elom es e qe{lm{ gl cmhgpm{glb lmr

{gsd {els`m{ sih}gils ì{ he{bm {gsds gs li

rgcmhw dlirl ejilb bipm{ljmls, Snm

ìhhirglb m~ejqhms ghh}s{em nm peh}m i`

s}on qe{lm{sngqs,

M~qelcglb eb{go}h}{eh gls}{elom

gl Ongle

Gl @mk{}e{w ;117( c{i}bn s{}od nm

li{nm{l elc oml{eh {mbgils gl Ongle,

Snmsm ri è{jglb {mbgils e{m pgeh ì{

`mmcglb nm oi}l{ws b{irglb qiq}hegil,

Kw ;1?1( nmw e{m q{ifmomc i q{ic}om eu}e{m{ i` Ongles ìic o{iqs, [egls mpml}*

ehhw mesmc nm c{i}bn( k} ngs hems mpml

oehhmc emlgil i e hiijglb q{ikhmj( es

ohgjem onelbm oi}hc hmec i e =1 qm{oml

glo{mesm gl c{i}bn hissms gl Li{nmesm{l

Ongle rgngl nm lm~ ri cmoecms, _mpm{eh

jmes}{ms e{m epeghekhm i epm{ c{i}bn*{m*

hemc hissms gl ngs {mbgil, Ejilb nmj e{m

sigh oilsm{pegil monlgu}ms i{ nm k}ghcglb

i` rem{ {msm{pig{s, K} li ehh cejebm oel

km epigcmc, Elc si eb{go}h}{eh gls}{elom

qhews el gjqi{el {ihm gl q{imoglb è{jm{s

ebegls he{bm hissms i nmg{ gloijm elc

nmhqglb nmj {mk}ghc nmg{ hgpmhgniics g` e

cgsesm{ rgqms i} o{iqs elc hgpmsiod, Snm

q}khgo smoi{ oel s}qqi{ nm cmpmhiqjml

i` e {ik}s {gsd jelebmjml `{ejmri{d

ì{ nm eb{go}h}{eh smoi{ n{i}bn pe{gi}s

jmes}{ms gloh}cglb q{mjg}j s}ksgcgms elc

hiss qe{gogqegil ì{ oees{iqngo mpmls,

Snm Kmgfglb j}lgogqeh bipm{ljml ì{ m~*

ejqhm s}qqi{s nm hioeh eb{go}h}{eh gls}{*

m{s rgn oipm{ebm ì{ hiss {egis gl m~omss

i` 501 qm{oml i` nm gls}{elom q{mjg}jelc gl }{l nes ki}bn {mgls}{elom oipm{*

ebm ì{ s}on mpmls `{ij _rgss [m,

]sglb rmenm{*kesmc glcm~ gls}{elom

gl Glcge

Jene{esn{e( e he{bm {}{eh sem gl nm

oml{m i` Glcge( s}m{mc n{mm wme{s i` o{gq*

qhglb c{i}bn kmrmml ;111 elc ;113,

Snm c{i}bn oe}smc m{{gkhm ne{csngq ì{

ri*ng{cs i` nm {mbgils glnekgels rni

cmqmlc il eb{go}h}{m ì{ nmg{ hgpmhgniics,

_ijm se{pmc( smpm{eh è{jm{s {mqi{mchw

oijjgmc s}gogcm( elc jelw èjghgms `mhh

kmhir nm qipm{w hglm, C{i}bn elc gs

gjqeo il eb{go}h}{m e{m ilm i` nm b{me*

ms qimlgeh n{mes i Glcges moilijw

gl nm oijglb ;1 wme{s, Cmogsgil jedm{s

gl Jene{esn{e oel oniism `{ij e rgcm

{elbm i` gl`{es{}o}{eh( mlbglmm{glb i{

kmnepgi}{eh jmes}{ms i epm{ c{i}bn, K}

ì{ nm jis smpm{m( hmes `{mu}ml cgsesm{

mpmls( gls}{elom bmlm{ehhw q{ipms i km

nm jis ois*mmogpm jmes}{m, Rmenm{*

kesmc glcm~ gls}{elom gs nm jis e{eo*

gpm onigom ì{ ngs {mbgil, Snm dmw kmlm

i` s}on el gls}{elom eqq{ieon gs ne g oel

oipm{ }q i el msgjemc 21 qm{oml i` nmmoilijgo peh}m his elc qews i} j}on

u}godm{ nel e {ecggileh glcmjlgw*kesmc

gls}{elom qihgow, G cims si }sglb el glcm~

ne cmlms ngs qewi} es e `}logil i`

rmenm{ cee( s}on es {eglèhh i{ mjqm{e*

}{m( {enm{ nel glcgpgc}eh hissms,

[mcmqhiwglb q}khgo*q{gpem gls}{elom

sih}gils

_rgss [m kmhgmpms ne q}khgo*q{gpem

qe{lm{sngqs s}on es nmsm e{m e biic elc

mògml rew i q{ipgcm ecmu}em oipm{ebm

i hioeh qiq}hegils m~qismc i he{bm {gsds,

El mlnelomc cgehib}m kmrmml q}khgo elc

q{gpem smoi{ qe{lm{s gs o{ggoeh ì{ lcglb

eghi{*jecm sih}gils ne jedm siogmgms

ji{m {msghgml i he{bm {gsds, Sibmnm{ rgn

s}on qe{lm{s( _rgss [m nes q{ic}omc el}jkm{ i` gllipegpm {elseogils, Ejilb

nmj e{m rmenm{ glcm~ sih}gils gl E`{goe

elc Glcge i{ qe{ejm{go le}{eh oees{iqnm

oipm{s ì{ Oe{gkkmel legils, Sibmnm{

rgn nm Ri{hc Keld elc rgn nm nmhq

i` _rgss [m( nm Jm~goel bipm{ljml

he}lonmc oees{iqnm kilcs i {els`m{

nm {gsds essiogemc rgn me{nu}edms elc

n}{{goelms i nm oeqgeh je{dms, Snm qew*

i} i` nm Jm~goel J}hgOe kilc gs hgldmc

cg{mohw i q{m*cmlmc {gbbm{s( gl ngs oesm

{mhemc i nm s{mlbn i` nm me{nu}edm

i{ n}{{goelm, Gls}{elom sih}gils cmsgblmc

i q{ipgcm `}lcglb ì{ gjjmcgem cgsesm{

{mhgm` nepm s}kselgeh qimlgeh ì{ kmglb

{mqhgoemc mhsmrnm{m kmoe}sm nmw oel

{mecghw km eceqmc i nm sqmogo {gsd m~qi*

s}{m i` inm{ {mbgils,

@i{ }{nm{ u}msgils( qhmesm oileo

[miY_onle{rghm{Asrgss{m,oij,

Jedglb siogmgms ji{m {msghgml i he{bm {gsds

@{ij le}{eh oees{iqnms i ohgjem onelbm( `{ij ìic sni{ebms i mqgcmjgos gl icews glo{mesglbhw

glm{oillmomc ri{hc nm{m gs e b{irglb lmmc ì{ swsmjego gcmlgoegil( essmssjml elc jggbegil

i` bhikeh {gsds( es rmhh es ì{ eceqegil i nmj, _rgss [m ri{ds rgn bipm{ljmls( ogpgh siogmw i{belg*

segils elc eoecmjge i cmpmhiq mmogpm {gsd {els`m{ sih}gils i jedm siogmgms ji{m {msghgml,

_rgss [mgls}{elom Oijqelw Hc

_rgss [m gs e hmecglb elc ngbnhw cgpm{sg*

mc bhikeh {mgls}{m{, Snm oijqelw

iqm{ems n{i}bn iòms gl ji{m nel

;1 oi}l{gms, @i}lcmc gl V}{gon(_rgvm{helc( gl 5>0?( _rgss [m im{s

lelogeh sm{pgoms q{ic}os ne mlekhm

{gsd edglb mssmlgeh i mlm{q{gsm elc

q{ib{mss, Snm oijqelws {ecggileh {m*

gls}{elom q{ic}os elc {mhemc sm{pgoms

ì{ q{iqm{w elc oes}ehw( es rmhh es nm

hg`m elc nmehn k}sglmss e{m oijqhm*

jmlmc kw gls}{elom*kesmc oi{qi{em

lelom sih}gils elc s}qqhmjmle{w

sm{pgoms ì{ oijq{mnmlsgpm {gsd jel*

ebmjml, _rgss [m gs {emc E$kw

_elce{c & Qii{s( E5kw Jiicws elc

Ekw E,J, Kms,

ECPM[SG_GLB @MES


58/104;151 x E_GEL CMPMHIQJMLS KELD=>

G__]M_ EOGLB E_GE ELC SnM QEOGGO

Esge elc Qeogo legils e{m cmpmhiqglbs{embgms i nmec i e ohgjem onelbm cgsesm{

`GLCGLb SnM bHIKEHSnM{JI_SES

Emr ni}{s si}n i Kelbdid hgms

e pgsgil i rne sijm me{ oi}hckm Esges }}{m, Snm mjqhm Dn}l

_ej} Ongl( rngon ilom se gl nmjgcchm i e pgk{el oijj}lg( lme{ e soniih( eohglgo( nijms( elc e{js( lir eqqme{s i km ilel gshelc,

Snm mjqhm selcs q{moe{gi}sh il e sqg ihelc gl _ej} Q{ede{l q{ipglom ne f}s glinm B}h i Sneghelc, Mhmo{gog hglms ne rm{milom il helc lir {}l n{i}bn nm iomel lme{ nm

mjqhm( elc sijm qe{s i nm pghhebm ne iloms}{{i}lcmc nm mjqhm e{m jmm{s }lcm{rem{,Snm oijj}lg ne nm jilds sm

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