ASIA PACIFIC REGIONAL SECURITY: A VIEW FROM INDONESIA BY EVI FITRIANI, PHD HEAD, INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA The 3rd Asia.

ASIA PACIFIC REGIONAL SECURITY:

A VIEW FROM INDONESIA

BY EVI FITRIANI, PHDHEAD, INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT

UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA

The 3rd Asia Research Forum: Asia-Pacific Order - Political and Economic Regional Governance

Institute of world Economics and Politics of Chinese Academy of Social Science,

Beijing, 6 December 2012

Agenda

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A. ASEAN security concernB. China’s military movements in

APC. US’s military movements in APD. Indonesia’s approach to tackle

security concern in Asia pacificE. Conclussion

A. ASEAN Security Concern

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Purpose of ASEAN

‘To promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the rule of law in the relationship among countries of the region and adherence to theprinciples of the United Nations Charter’

ASEAN Preference: No domination of great powers in SEA Stability in Asia Pacific

A. ASEAN Security Concern

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Contemporary security challenge in SEA and AP

Security problems created by non-state actors

(terorism, smuggling, refugee, illegal fishing)

Security problems created by states (territorial disputes, military build-up,

provocative movements, arms-conflicts)

B. China’s military movement in AP

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1. Increasing defence budget2. Military build-up (or modernization?)3. Assertive movements in handling

territorial disputes in East Asia and Southeast Asia particularly in

- East China Sea - South China Sea

Territorial claims in South China Sea

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China’s passport problem

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B. China’s military movement in AP

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South China Sea- Escalation of territorial claims- Deploment of military as well as non-military

staff to disputing islands- Deployment of China naval force in the

conflicting areas- Detainment of conflicting parties’ personals- China’s approach Vs ASEAN approach

+ Economy&political influence to some ASEAN countries

C. US’ Military Movement in AP

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1. Increasing defence budget2. Strong US presence in Asia

(reassurance?)a) USPACOMb) US alliances in the regionc) Military equipment in Japan and South

Koread) Military deployment in Australiae) Increasing number of submarines

US-China cooperation

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Military Maritime Consultation Agreement (sin1998)

Absent in 2007, divergent of interests since 2008

Defence Policy Coordination (sin. 2006) Incidents at Sea Protocol (INCSEA) signed 1972 Undecided, problematic since 2009 Defence Consultative Talks (DCT) US-China Joint Statement Nov 2009 Six-Party Talk

D. Indonesia’s Approach

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ASEAN Centrality APSC: regional resilience Peaceful solution to SCS Regional not bilateral approach for SCS Extra-regional power? Is it necessary? Tendency to Hedging? Alliance

E. Conclusion

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1. Indonesia as well as ASEAN is aware of changing strategic environment in Asia Pacific.

2. Domination of the US and China in regional security affairs is apparent, however Indonesia would prefer ASEAN not as a passive partner.

3. Indonesia’s approach in the AP security is based on neutrality and regional (ASEAN) resilience.

4. Indonesia would prefer to ally with other regional countries to balance the big powers.

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Thank you

Evi FitrianiInternational Relations DepartmentUniversity of IndonesiaEmail: [email protected]