1 With thanks for main content to With thanks for main content to Dr. Tom Lawrence, P.E., LEED-AP Dr. Tom Lawrence, P.E., LEED-AP [email protected][email protected]….meet the ASHRAE .meet the ASHRAE GreenGuide GreenGuide Presented by Tim Dwyer Presented by Tim Dwyer Chairman CIBSE ASHRAE Group Chairman CIBSE ASHRAE Group Acting Head of Department, Department of Engineering Systems Acting Head of Department, Department of Engineering Systems London South Bank University London South Bank University timdwyer@lsbu timdwyer@lsbu.ac. .ac.uk uk ASHRAE ASHRAE’ s Sustainable Roadmap s Sustainable Roadmap Integrating sustainability Integrating sustainability principles into all principles into all appropriate publications appropriate publications Actively participate with Actively participate with internationally recognized internationally recognized building sustainability building sustainability groups as appropriate groups as appropriate Promote and provide Promote and provide education on sustainability education on sustainability Research Strategic Plan Research Strategic Plan Energy and Resources Energy and Resources Indoor Environmental Indoor Environmental Quality Quality Tools and Applications Tools and Applications Equipment, Equipment, Components, and Components, and Materials Materials Education and Outreach Education and Outreach Journal Articles Journal Articles
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ASHRAE’s Sustainable Roadmap ….meet the ASHRAE ... controlling site storm water for use in irrigation incorporating energy efficiency measures in HVAC design - developing maintenance
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With thanks for main content toWith thanks for main content toDr. Tom Lawrence, P.E., LEED-APDr. Tom Lawrence, P.E., LEED-AP
…….meet the ASHRAE .meet the ASHRAE GreenGuideGreenGuide
Presented by Tim DwyerPresented by Tim DwyerChairman CIBSE ASHRAE GroupChairman CIBSE ASHRAE Group
Acting Head of Department, Department of Engineering SystemsActing Head of Department, Department of Engineering SystemsLondon South Bank UniversityLondon South Bank University
For an explanation of how lighting is treated in the office guide seewww.energycodes.gov/training/pdfs/webcast_adv_lighiting_lane.pdf
Advanced Energy Design GuidesAdvanced Energy Design Guides
Documents that go 30%, 50%, and 70%Documents that go 30%, 50%, and 70%above Standard 90.1-1999above Standard 90.1-1999
New Buildings (30%)New Buildings (30%)-- Small Office Buildings - publishedSmall Office Buildings - published-- Small Retail Small Retail –– published published-- K-12 SchoolsK-12 Schools-- WarehouseWarehouse-- Highway LodgingHighway Lodging
From From ‘‘SustainabilitySustainability’’ to to ‘‘GreenGreen’’
‘‘SustainabilitySustainability’’ is a simple and good general is a simple and good generaldefinition when is applied to planet Earth,definition when is applied to planet Earth,however, it is difficult to apply the concept, in ahowever, it is difficult to apply the concept, in ameaningful way, to an individual earthlymeaningful way, to an individual earthlycomponent such as a buildingcomponent such as a building
ASHRAE focused on ASHRAE focused on ““greengreen”” buildings buildings and so the and so the GreenGuide GreenGuide was developedwas developed
But why bother with aBut why bother with aGreenGuideGreenGuide??
Doing the right Doing the right thingthing RegulationsRegulations Lowering ownership costsLowering ownership costs Increased productivityIncreased productivity Filling a design needFilling a design need
But why bother with aBut why bother with aGreenGuideGreenGuide??
Doing the Right ThingDoing the Right Thing
The motivations and reasons for implementingThe motivations and reasons for implementinggreen buildings are diverse but can be condensedgreen buildings are diverse but can be condensedinto essentially wanting to do the right thing tointo essentially wanting to do the right thing toprotect the earthprotect the earth’’s resources. For some, a wakeups resources. For some, a wakeupcall occurred in 1973 with the oil embargo call occurred in 1973 with the oil embargo –– and andwith it a realization that there may be a need towith it a realization that there may be a need tomanage our planetmanage our planet’’s finite resources.s finite resources.
RegulationsRegulations
Society has recognized that previous industrial andSociety has recognized that previous industrial anddevelopmental actions caused long-term damage to ourdevelopmental actions caused long-term damage to ourenvironment, resulting in loss of food sources and plantenvironment, resulting in loss of food sources and plantand animal species, and changes to the earthand animal species, and changes to the earth’’s climate. Ass climate. Asa result of learning from past mistakes and studying thea result of learning from past mistakes and studying theenvironment, the international community identified certainenvironment, the international community identified certainactions that threaten our ecosystemactions that threaten our ecosystem’’s bio-diversitys bio-diversity——andandconsequently it developed several governmentalconsequently it developed several governmentalregulations designed to protect our environment. Thus, inregulations designed to protect our environment. Thus, inthis sense, the green design initiative began with thethis sense, the green design initiative began with theimplementation of building regulations. An example is theimplementation of building regulations. An example is theregulated phasing out of chlorofluorocarbons.regulated phasing out of chlorofluorocarbons.
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Lowering Ownership CostsLowering Ownership Costs
Green design is lowering the total cost ofGreen design is lowering the total cost ofownership in terms of resource management andownership in terms of resource management andenergy efficiency.energy efficiency.-- controlling site storm water for use in irrigationcontrolling site storm water for use in irrigationincorporating energy efficiency measures in HVACincorporating energy efficiency measures in HVACdesigndesign- developing maintenance strategies to ensure- developing maintenance strategies to ensurecontinued high-level building performance.continued high-level building performance.
Increased ProductivityIncreased Productivity
Recognition of increased productivity from aRecognition of increased productivity from abuilding that is comfortable and enjoyable andbuilding that is comfortable and enjoyable andprovides healthy conditions.provides healthy conditions.Comfortable occupants are less distracted, able toComfortable occupants are less distracted, able tofocus better on their tasks/activities, andfocus better on their tasks/activities, andappreciate the physiological benefits good greenappreciate the physiological benefits good greendesign provides.design provides.
Filling A Design NeedFilling A Design Need
There are increasing numbers of building ownersThere are increasing numbers of building ownersand developers asking for green design services.and developers asking for green design services.There is considerable business for designThere is considerable business for designprofessionals who can master the principles ofprofessionals who can master the principles ofgreen design and provide leadership in this.green design and provide leadership in this.
ASHRAEASHRAE’’s Green Designs Green Design
aware of and respects nature and the naturalaware of and respects nature and the naturalorder of thingsorder of things
a green building is one that achieves higha green building is one that achieves highperformance, over the full life cycle, in theperformance, over the full life cycle, in thefollowing areasfollowing areas-- minimal consumption of non-renewable andminimal consumption of non-renewable and
depletable depletable natural resourcesnatural resources-- minimal atmospheric emissionsminimal atmospheric emissions-- minimal discharge of harmful wastesminimal discharge of harmful wastes
including those from demolition of the buildingincluding those from demolition of the building
-- minimal negative impacts on site ecosystemsminimal negative impacts on site ecosystems
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ASHRAE Green Guide ASHRAE Green Guide –– Overview Overview
Content: Three Basic Sections
Basics(Chapters 1 – 2)
Design Process(Chapters 3– 16)
Post Design
ASHRAE Green GuideASHRAE Green GuideThe Design ProcessThe Design Process
Chapter 3 Chapter 3 –– Commissioning Commissioning-- Why is this the 3Why is this the 3rdrd chapter in the book? chapter in the book?-- Phases of CommissioningPhases of Commissioning
Commissioning models (who is in charge?)Commissioning models (who is in charge?)-- Design team?Design team?-- General contractor?General contractor?-- Individual contractors (mechanical, electrical)?Individual contractors (mechanical, electrical)?-- Third party?Third party?
North-facingNorth-facing-- Exposed to direct sunExposed to direct sun
during morning andduring morning andafternoon a few monthsafternoon a few monthseach summer (at latitudeseach summer (at latitudesbetween 0 to 40 deg. N)between 0 to 40 deg. N)
-- Shade with shallow finsShade with shallow finsto guard against summerto guard against summerheat gainheat gain
-- Shade with light shelvesShade with light shelvesthat will reflect light intothat will reflect light intothe spacethe space
* All strategies assume a design forlatitudes between 25 – 40 deg. N latitude
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HVAC Design: Key Considerations (pg 136)HVAC Design: Key Considerations (pg 136)-- May seem basic, but is a good check listMay seem basic, but is a good check list
Chapters has much discussion on differentChapters has much discussion on differentavailable methods for energy transferavailable methods for energy transfer-- Air systemsAir systems
Indoor Environmental QualityIndoor Environmental Quality Cooling Tower SystemsCooling Tower Systems District Energy SystemsDistrict Energy Systems AcousticsAcoustics Green Roofs, Cool RoofsGreen Roofs, Cool Roofs Designing Healthy BuildingsDesigning Healthy Buildings
Chapter 9 Chapter 9 –– Interaction with Local Interaction with LocalEnvironmentEnvironment
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Water treatmentWater treatment DriftDrift SpillsSpills
Chapter 9:Chapter 9:Cooling Tower SystemsCooling Tower Systems Cooling Tower Water TreatmentCooling Tower Water Treatment
Traditional: chemical treatment withTraditional: chemical treatment withbiocides, corrosion and scale preventionbiocides, corrosion and scale prevention-- Biocidal ControlBiocidal Control
Continuous chlorination at 0.5 ppm.Continuous chlorination at 0.5 ppm. Isothiazoline Isothiazoline (1.5%) slug fed to 2 ppm once per(1.5%) slug fed to 2 ppm once per
weekweek-- Corrosion and Scale Control - MaintainedCorrosion and Scale Control - Maintained
constantconstant Zinc at 2 ppmZinc at 2 ppm Polyphosphate at 20 ppmPolyphosphate at 20 ppm Triazole Triazole at 3 ppmat 3 ppm
Where Does the Chlorine Go?Where Does the Chlorine Go?Chlorine 99% released as gas –71 pounds/month (32 kg)
Blowdown @ 4 Cycles = 36,960 gallons/mo(145,000 liters) – 0.16 lbs (0.07 kg) of Chlorine
Description:Description:-- Pulsed electric fields used to control scaling,Pulsed electric fields used to control scaling,
biological growth and corrosionbiological growth and corrosionPro Lower energy and water useLower energy and water use More benign blowdown waterMore benign blowdown waterCon Energy use to operateEnergy use to operate Water with high chloride or silica content limitsWater with high chloride or silica content limits
Solar energy applicationsSolar energy applications-- Buildings with large potential thermal needBuildings with large potential thermal need
(e.g., hotels); but space limitations for(e.g., hotels); but space limitations forcollectorscollectors
-- Photovoltaic, but cost is still the issuePhotovoltaic, but cost is still the issue-- Building integrated PVBuilding integrated PV
Chapter 12 Chapter 12 –– Energy Sources Energy Sources
A PV skylight entryway(Courtesy of DOE/NREL)
Primarily architecturalPrimarily architecturalissue, but engineersissue, but engineerscan help push thecan help push theenergy benefitsenergy benefits
HVAC engineers primarily involved inHVAC engineers primarily involved inlighting contribution to load calculationslighting contribution to load calculations
New lighting concepts can require a littleNew lighting concepts can require a littlemore engineering thoughtmore engineering thought-- Daylight harvestingDaylight harvesting
Chapter 13 Chapter 13 –– Lighting Systems Lighting Systems
Water consumption important issueWater consumption important issueworldwideworldwide
Not as much an HVAC issue (exceptionNot as much an HVAC issue (exceptioncooling towers, evaporative cooling)cooling towers, evaporative cooling)
Chapter 14 Chapter 14 –– Plumbing Plumbing
Control systems play vital role forControl systems play vital role forrealizing and sustaining the efficiencyrealizing and sustaining the efficiencylevels originally designed into thelevels originally designed into thebuilding systemsbuilding systems-- EnergyEnergy-- WaterWater-- Indoor Environmental QualityIndoor Environmental Quality
Chapter 15:Chapter 15:Building Control SystemsBuilding Control Systems
Sustained Efficiency M&V Operator training
Pages 322 Pages 322 –– 329: How building control 329: How building controlcan help achieve LEED credit pointscan help achieve LEED credit points
Chapter 15:Chapter 15:Building Control SystemsBuilding Control Systems
commissioning) commissioning) –– 2 to 5 years after initial 2 to 5 years after initial-- Engineers start off helping with Cx projectsEngineers start off helping with Cx projects
Standard for the Design of High-PerformanceStandard for the Design of High-PerformanceGreen Buildings Except Low-Rise ResidentialGreen Buildings Except Low-Rise ResidentialBuildingsBuildings
Minimum requirements for the design ofMinimum requirements for the design ofsustainable buildings to balancesustainable buildings to balance-- environmental responsibilityenvironmental responsibility-- resource efficiencyresource efficiency-- occupant comfort and well-beingoccupant comfort and well-being-- community sensitivitycommunity sensitivity
Using Using USGBCUSGBC’’s s LEED Green Building RatingLEED Green Building RatingSystem as key resourceSystem as key resource
Link for all ASHRAE information in thisLink for all ASHRAE information in thisarea (including downloadable Green Tips)area (including downloadable Green Tips)