Ashfame

Infosys Campus Connect Programme

APractical Training SeminarOnInternet Web TechnologyBy Ashish KumarCP06023 / 06EJECS022

Introduction to Networking & Internet

A,B,C,D P,Q,R,S W,X,Y,Z

A,B,C,D,P,Q,R,S,W,X,Y,Z

Internet Service Providers (ISP)

Total Maintenance Cost

$$ $

Cost of maintaining a large network is huge because costs of maintaining small networks add up!

ISP maintains the part of internet and that’s what we pay them for ;)

• 256Kbps• UL

ISP

Router • Usernam

e• Passwor

d User

TCP/IP ProtocolUser

1User

2User

3

Packet Switching• Breaking down data into packets• Labeled with Origin & Destination

Address• Lost ones are re-send

Provides Interoperability

TCP/IP Model

Physical Layer

Data Link Layer

Internet Layer

Transport Layer

Application Layer

Internet Protocol Address

1

2

34

5

IP Addressing Scheme

W X Y Z

{ Network ID } { Host ID }

72.18.130.49

4 Byte Addressing Scheme

W

• 0101000• (72 in binary)

X

• 00100100

• (18 in binary)

Y

• 10000010

• (130 in binary)

Z

• 10010101

• (149 in binary)

Domain Name Servers

My website is 72.18.130.49

My website is NeedAProject.co

m

My website is Ashfame.com

My website is 72.18.130.50

Difficult to remember IP Addresses

Domain Name Servers translates Domain name to IP Address & vice versa

Internet vs. Intranet

Internet

Intranet

•Internet in smaller size•Better Controlled•More Secure

Proxy Servers

Proxy Server

Internet

Multiplexing Outbound requestsBetter Bandwidth Management

(Cache)Security for the intranet

Usage Restrictions

Firewall

FirewallIntern

et

Prevent unauthorized access

Both type – Hardware & Software

Everything is examined with pre-defined rules set

URLProtocol :// Host : Port /

Path

•HTTP

•FTP

Protocol

•Ashfame.com

•NeedAProject.com

Host

•80•21

Port

•/hire-me/

•/download-projects/

Path

http://www.ashfame.com/hire-me/

http://needaproject.com/download-projects/

HTTP Protocol

• Client sends a request• Server sends a response

Simple Request Response Model

• Not Secure

Plain-text Protocol

• Can’t take advantage of repeated visits• No usage is stored

State less Protocol

HTTP Request

GET /download/wordpress-plugin.zip HTTP/1.0User_Agent: Mozilla/3.0 GoldAccept: text/plainAccept:text/html

http://blog.ashfame.com/download/wordpress-plugin.zipExample

Initial Line (Method | URL | Protocol Version)

Zero or more Header lines

Blank line

Optional Message Body

HTTP Response

GET /download/wordpress-plugin.zip HTTP/1.0User_Agent: Mozilla/3.0 GoldAccept: text/plainAccept:text/html

http://blog.ashfame.com/download/wordpress-plugin.zipExample

Status Line (HTTP version | Status Code | Reason)

Headers lines

Blank line

Optional Message Body

HTTP Methods

Get method• Parameters are passed in URL• Example : http://ashfa.me/index.php?

id=45Post Method• Parameters are passed in message

bodyHead Method• Just gets the header information from

the server• Saves bandwidth

HTTP Versions

HTTP 1.0• New connection is established on

every request• Server closes the connection once the

data is sentHTTP 1.1• Persistent Connection• Allows server side management even

though HTTP doesn’t support it

HTTP Verdict

Advantages• Very simple• Very flexible• Easy & lightweight to implement

Disadvantages• No support for session

management• Less Secure

Any Queries

Go on!Ask what you want to!