Jan 15, 2016
ASER PAKISTAN
• ASER - The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) is a survey of the quality of education. ASER seeks to fill a gap in educational data by looking to provide a reliable set of data at the national level, that is comprehensive and, at the same time, easy to understand. The survey’s stated objectives are three fold: To get reliable estimates of the status of children’s schooling
and basic learning (reading and arithmetic level) To measure the change in these basic learning and school
statistics from last year To interpret these results and use them to affect policy
decisions at various levels.
Scale & Scope of Survey
Coverage : In all five provinces i.e. in Sindh, Balochistan, Punjab, Pakhton Khawa, Gilgit Baltistan, FATA and AJK.
Only rural areas will be sampled.
Phase I : Year I 2010 – 30 districts across Pakistan
Phase II: Year II 2011 – 70 districts across Pakistan
Phase III : Years III, IV , V all districts across Pakistan (138 districts)
Sample: 600 households per district. Two-stage sample, stratified in the first stage. Obtained by selecting 30 villages per district & 20 households per village.
Villages will be selected randomly using the village directory of the latest Census. The Probability Proportional to Size Sampling (PPS) technique will be adopted as an appropriate one when the sampling units are of different sizes.
Focus on nuances between public and private . In each village profile of 1 govt. and 1 private school collected and gender
ASER Pakistan – the Architecture
District Level30 Villages per district
National Level SAFED Team
Collaborating Partner Organizations (Master Trainers MT) & Voluntaries
Voluntary Surveyors (VSs)(CBOs, NGOs, Colleges, Universities)
Provincial Level2008: 11 District s2010: 32 Districts2011: 70 Districts
2012-15 = All Districts
Chief Collaborating Partners(CCP)
External Collaborator(ASER India, PCE)
Village Level20 Houses per Village
58 % Male and 42% female
Access – Children (6-16 Years)School Enrollment and Out of School Children
First time Use of Age Band 6-10 years according to NEP 2009
%Children In Different Types Of Schools % Out of School
TotalAge Group
Govt. Pvt. Madrasah OthersNever
EnrolledDrop-out
6-10 57.9 24.0 0.8 0.8 14.2 2.4 100
11-13 58.5 21.3 0.8 0.3 11.8 7.2 100
14-16 50.0 17.0 0.5 0.2 15.2 17.0 100
6-16 56.4 21.9 0.8 0.6 13.8 6.6 100
Total 79.6 20.4 100
By Type70.9 27.5 0.9 0.7
15%
32%
35%
6%
5%3%
15%
Over all = 20%
Out of School Children(Age 6-16 years)
Access – Children (6-16 Years)School Enrollment and Out of School Children
Islamabad AJK Gilgit KPK Punjab Sindh Balochistan0%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100% 97% 95% 94%85% 85%
68% 65%
3% 5% 6%15% 15%
32% 35%
Access – Children (6-16 Years)School Enrollment and Out of School Children
Schooling Out of School
Enrollment and Out of School Children (Age 6-16 years)
Boys Girls Boys GirlsGovt School Pvt School
0%
14%
28%
42%
56%
70%
62.2%
37.8%
59.2%40.8%
Enrollment by Gender and Type of Insti-tution
6-10 11-13 14-16 0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
4.4%
2.2%
3.6%
4.7%
2.5%3.0%
Out of School Children by Gender
Boys Girls
Age-GroupProportionately More Girls in Private
Schools .. Households do pay for Girls’ Education!
Echoing trends of GMR..slightly more Girls are out of school than boys …
up to age 13
Access – Children (6-16 years)Gender Gaps
Schooling Out of School
62% 50%
38%50%
Access - Children (6-16 Years) - PIE
Male Female
Schooling Out of School
49%
10%
31%
10%
Access - Children (6-16 years)Male Female
80%
20%
Access – Children (6-10 Years)Gender Gaps
Schooling Out of School
50%
8%
34%
9%
Access - Children (6-10 years)
Male Female
83%
17%
Schooling Out of School
60%48%
40%52%
Access - Children (6-10 years) PIE
Male Female
Access – Children (3-5 Years)School Enrollment and Out of School Children
Age Group Govt. Private Madrasah Others
Out of school
(%)Total
3 7.0 5.2 0.0 0.1 87.7 100
4 21.9 15.9 0.4 0.5 61.4 100
5 43.9 23.0 0.5 0.8 31.7 100
3-5 27.6 16.2 0.4 0.5 55.3 100
Total 44.7 55.3 100
By Type 61.7 36.3 0.8 1.2
EFA/NPA 2001-2015 target = 50% enrollment by 2015 In PAKISTAN it is QUALITY as key challenges with hardly any teachers/ Training on ECE or infrastructure in govt. schools - encouraging early drop outs !
The EFA National Plan of Action Target 50% by 2015 .. Are we almost there ? But what is the quality of access and learning ?
Children in Pre School (Age 3-5 years)
Over all = 45%
33%
31%
48% 64%
73%68%
52%
Access – Children (3-5 Years)School Enrollment and Out of School Children
AJK Islamabad Gilgit Punjab KPK Sindh Balochistan0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80% 73%68%
64%
52% 48%
33% 31%
27%32%
36%
48% 52%
67% 69%
Access – Children (3-5 Years)
Schooling Out of School
Class-wise EnrollmentGender GAP
Diminishing return .. Disappearing children adding to the out of school stock
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
9.8%9.0%
8.3%7.2% 7.6%
5.5%4.4% 4.2%
3.3%2.2%
6.9%6.2% 5.7%
4.6% 4.4%
3.0% 2.6% 2.3%1.6% 1.1%
16.7%
15.2%14.0%
11.8% 12.0%
8.6%
7.1%6.5%
4.9%
3.3%
Boys Girls Total
Private Tuition by School Type
School/ Class 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Govt. 6.6% 7.1% 8.0% 9.3% 10.8% 10.7% 11.7% 16.4% 21.8% 17.9%
Pvt. 20.8% 26.1% 25.3% 28.6% 28.9% 28.6% 26.2% 29.7% 31.5% 26.7%
Government Private Total0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
9.7%
25.3%
14.3%
Children Attending Paid Tuition (%)
Female Male Total0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
14.2%
14.3%14.3%
Children Attending Paid Tuition (%) - Gender wise
22%
5%
6%
12%
9%28%
9%
Over all = 14%
Paid Tuition(Govt. & Private Schools)
Learning Levels
Beginner Letters Words Sentences Story 0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
15.3% 16.6%19.2%
14.6%
34.3%
Reading Levels - (Urdu / Sindhi)
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
18.3%
11.2%15.9%
22.6%
32.0%
Learning Levels English
Begin
ner
Numbe
r Rec
ogni
tion
1-9
Numbe
r Rec
ogni
tion
10-9
9
Subtra
tion
Divisio
n
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
16.5% 16.0%23.2% 19.2% 25.0%
Arithmetic Levels
Learning Levels(Government and Private)
not controlled for differences in learning
Class 1: can Read at least Letters
Class 3: can Read at least Sentences
Class 5: can Read at least Story
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
22%33%
42%37%
50%56%
Reading Levels in Govt. and Pvt. Schools in Dif-ferent Classes
Government Private
Class 1: can Read at least Small Let-
ters
Class 3: can Read at least Word
Class 5: can Read at least Sentences
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
20%
34% 30%
45%57% 53%
English Reading Levels in Govt. and Pvt. Schools in Different Classes
Government Private
Class 1: can recog-nize at least Numbers
(10-99)
Class 3: can at least do subtraction
Class 5: can at least do division
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
19%25% 26%
40% 42% 40%
Arithmetic Levels in Govt. and Pvt. Schools in Dif-ferent Classes
Government Private
Learning Levels- Gender Gaps
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
33.4%36.9%
Reading Levels (Language)
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
34.4%38.1%
Reading Levels (English)
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
29.5% 33.6%
Arithmetic Levels by Gender
Learning LevelsOut of School Children - Opportunity for Second Chance
Programs
Beginner
Letters
Words
Sentences
Story
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
39%
12%
14%
10%
24%
Reading Levels (Urdu/Sindhi)Out of school Children (5-16 Years)
Beginner
Capital Letters
Small Letters
Words
Sentences
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
47%
8%
10%
16%
20%
Learning Levels EnglishOut of school Children (5-16 Years)
Beginner
Number Recognition 1-9
Number Recognition 10-99
Subtration
Division
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
40%
12%
17%
13%
18%
Arithmetic LevelsOut of school Children (5-16 Years)
Children in schools when not learning well are at risk of dropping out throughout the school cycle.. Adding to the pool of OOSC!
Attendance
Government School
Private School
85% 90%
Children At-tendance
Government School
Private School
87% 90%
Teachers' At-tendance
Water Facility
Primary (1-5)
Elementary (1-8)
High (1-10) Other
Government School
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
57.5
77.3 75.878.6
42.5
22.7 24.221.4
Water Facility- Government Schools
Useable Not Useable
in P
erc
en
tag
e (
%)
Primary (1-5)
Elementary (1-8)
High (1-10) Other
Private School
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
9079.9 82
86.9
71.4
20.1 1813.1
28.6
Water Facility – Private Schools
Useable Not Useable
in
Per
cen
tag
e (%
)
Toilet Facility
Pri
ma
ry (
1-5
)
Ele
me
nta
ry (
1-8
)
Hig
h (
1-1
0)
Oth
er
Government School
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
45.3
65.261.1 59.5
54.7
34.838.9 40.5
Toilet Facility-Government SchoolsUseable Not Useable
in P
erc
en
tag
e (
%)
Pri
ma
ry (
1-5
)
Ele
me
nta
ry (
1-8
)
Hig
h (
1-1
0)
Oth
er
Private School
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
68.7
84.5 86.981
31.3
15.5 13.119
Toilet Facility – Private Schools
Useable Not Useable
in P
erc
en
tag
e (
%)
School Grants
School FundsGrants received by school
Government School Private SchoolPrimary
(1-5)Elementary
(1-8)High
(1-10)Other Primary
(1-5)Elementary
(1-8)High (1-10)
Other
No. of school received any grant
317 85 37 21 2 2 2 -
Average amount of Grant
61700 78700 182800 93450 75000 612500 744625 -
Mothers' Literacy
Literate32.3%
Illiterate67.7%
Upcoming Policy Briefs Comparisons Across Provinces
• Gender • ECE • Enrollment trends by gender • Education provision; Public ; private ; madrassahs and others • Learning Levels by Gender • Learning Levels by Public and Private • Learning Gaps Public & Private controlling for differences – regressions • Tuitions – public and private • Out of School Children – policy implications • Governance - Attendance of Students & Teachers – Public and Private • Facilities in Public and Private Schools • Mothers Education /Literacy
Advocacy & ASER Pakistan
• A key objective of ASER Pakistan 2010 is Advocacy for influencing Policies and resourcing of education at multiple levels– Village Level – District Level – Provincial level – National Level – International
Multi-Level Advocacy- Policy Data
• Village /Local - People are demanding this. How did we do/When will we know • District Govt./ media, constituencies and • Provincial Govt/Parliamentary committees/media/ roundtables• National All of Provincial and Development Partners
Launch at the Planning Commission 2011 Influence /Reports Economic Survey/ PSLMs/NEASRound Tables pre and post ASER e.g. learning and tuitions –
Mark Bray’s Book on Shadow Education just released in Urdu
• International - – This is being undertaken at two levels – UKFIET has accepted an abstract on Citizens Led Initiatives in Educational Governance for the 11th
UKFIET INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT 13-15 Sept 2011: Global Challenges for Education: Economics, Environment and Emergency, Oxford, UK (Elaborated below).
– Influencing the Global Monitoring Report Teams UNESCO and FTI teams to include sections on citizen led initiatives on quality education to report on ASER Pakistan/ASER India and UWEZO East Africa
• Currently ITA/SAFED does not have funding for the UK FIET conference – needs mobilization
Institutional Strengthening of ASER Pakistan
• Agreeing on critical skills for ASER Pakistan at the level of: a) Institutional Strengthening of parent and partner institutions for 2010-2015 and b) technical core team members to be called ASER Associates, ideally there should be at least two per district.
• A continuous formal engagement with ASER Centre India for upgrading skills and raising key questions /concerns for strengthening of the ASER Core Team in Pakistan
• Defining and preparing a list of ASER Core Team members as ASER Associates Pakistan.
• Like ASER Centre India there needs to be an ASER Centre Pakistan
• Capacity Building Trainings by Dr. Monazza Aslam - STATA – A Statistical Data Analysis Tool , Training by Dr. Monazza Aslam on .. August 2011
Partnerships for ASER Pakistan 2011
• Rs. 300,000 per district including training; survey and basic dissemination
• ASER 2011 and onwards in a consortium mode many supporters can do this by district
• In 2011 establishment of ASER Centre Pakistan to train 2 ASER associates per district through certification across Pakistan - 60 day training and 40 days implementation - multiplying capacity
• A citizen led sequel 16 weeks CHALO PARHO BARHO to improve literacy and numeracy levels classes 1-5- Sept- Jan each year to be measured by ASER. Rs. 100 per learner
• Second Chance Learners Program in the design phase for catching up and reintegrating drop outs
• OPEN CALL FOR PARTNERS Need Partners and Many Players
Challenges/ Issues
• Sustainability of Programme uptill 2015
• ASER Centre Pakistan - Scaling up of ASER
• Funding with Local Partners – Limited Culture
• Skilled work force at Field level with Local partners
• Technical experts without funding in ASER Pakistan Secretariat at
SAFED. • Rigorous Policy Advocacy
• Data Center Managment -Engagement of Individual Researcher on ASER DATA
Contact – ASER 2011
Please Contact :
ASER Pakistan 2008 and 2010 Full reports can be downloaded from our website: www.safedafed.org/aser
LAHORE ISLAMABAD
Mr. Imtiaz A NizamiEmail: [email protected]
042-33517005-7 Cell # 0333-4047200
www.safedafed.org
Mr. Waqas Bajwa Email: [email protected]
051-2824838, 9244159 Cell # 0333-5137994
www.safedafed.org
END