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ASARCO HAYDEN REMOVAL ASSESSMENT Final Report
December 2004
Prepared for:U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyRegion IX
Emergency Response Section
Prepared by:Ecology and Environment, Inc.
Superfund Technical Assessment and Response TeamContract No:
68-W-01-012
TDD: 09-04-02-0002
SDMS DOCID# 1109583
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Superfund Technical Assessment and Response Team
SOIL ASSESSMENT REPORTASARCO HAYDEN REMOVAL ASSESSMENT
PINAL AND GILA COUNTIES, HAYDEN, ARIZONA
TDD No.:09-04-02-0002Project No.:0443.01.RS
Submitted to:
Steve CalanogFederal On-Scene Coordinator
United States Environmental Protection AgencyRegion 9 -
Emergency Response Section
Prepared by:
Iain BakerSTART Team Member
Ecology and Environment, Inc.
December 2004
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2 Site Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22.1 Site Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.2 Site
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.3 Site History . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.4 Previous Investigations .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 3
3 Field Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
63.1 Deviations from the Sampling and Analysis Plan . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.2 Sampling Activities . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 7
4 Analytical Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.1
Data Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.2
Discussion of Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.2.1 Kearny . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.2.2
Winkelman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.2.3 Hayden . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 164.2.4 Background . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 17
5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
6 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.)
TablesTable 4-1: Laboratory Results for Arsenic, Copper, and
Lead in Samples Demonstrating
Concentrations Above R-SRLs in Kearny . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Table 4-2 Laboratory Results
for Arsenic, Copper, and Lead in Samples Demonstrating
Concentrations Above R-SRLs in Winkelman . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Table 4-3 Laboratory Results for
Arsenic, Copper, and Lead in Samples Demonstrating
Concentrations Above R-SRLs in Hayden . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Table 4-4 Laboratory Results for
Arsenic, Copper, and Lead in Background
Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figures
Figure 2-1 Site Location Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5Figure 3-1 Hayden Sample Pont Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Figure 3-2
Winkelman Sample Point Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Figure 3-3 Kearny Sample Point
Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 11Figure 3-4 Background Sample Point Locations . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12Figure 4-1 Kearny Sample Grids With Concentrations Greater Than
R-SRLs . . . . . . . . . . 23Figure 4-2 Winkelman Sample Grids With
Concentrations Greater Than R-SRLs . . . . . . . 24Figure 4-3
Hayden Sample Grids With Concentrations Greater Than R-SRLs . . . .
. . . . . . 25
Appendices
Appendix A Site Photographs Appendix B Kearny Analytical Result
Summary TablesAppendix C Winkelman Analytical Result Summary
TablesAppendix D Hayden Analytical Result Summary TablesAppendix E
Background Analytical Result Summary TablesAppendix F Data
Validation Reports
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1 INTRODUCTION
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Region 9 and
the Arizona Department ofEnvironmental Quality (ADEQ) are
participants in efforts to identify and address environmentalissues
associated with the Asarco Inc.- Hayden Smelter Facility (Asarco)
and their impacts onthe surrounding towns of Hayden, Kearny and
Winkelman, Arizona. One of the issues ofparticular concern to the
ADEQ is the potential exposure to residents from metal contaminants
insoil above the Arizona residential soil remediation levels
(R-SRLs). The assistance of theUSEPA Emergency Response Section
(ERS) was requested to conduct expedited sampling toaddress this
issue. The USEPA ERS, under the authority of the Comprehensive
EnvironmentalResponse Reauthorization and Liability Act of 1980
(CERCLA) and the Superfund Amendmentand Reauthorization Act of 1986
(SARA), directed the Ecology and Environment, Inc. (E &
E)Superfund Technical Assessment and Response Team (START) to
perform an assessment ofsurficial soils throughout the three towns.
The purpose of the assessment was to determinelevels of metal
contaminants contained in soil resulting from operations at
Asarco.
This report describes the field activities conducted from
October 18 through October 21, 2004 bythe START for the USEPA, and
the results of those activities. The specific field sampling
andchemical analysis information pertaining to this assessment are
addressed in the Asarco HaydenSite, Pinal and Gila Counties,
Hayden, AZ Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP), September 2004.
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2 SITE BACKGROUND
2.1 Site LocationAsarco is located at 640 Asarco Avenue in
Hayden, Arizona along the Pinal and Gila Countyborder near the
intersection of Highway 177 and Route 77. The geographic
coordinates of themain building at the facility are 33< 00'
15.26" north, latitude and 110< 46' 30.39" west, longitude(see
Figure 2-1, Site Location Map).
2.2 Site DescriptionAsarco is an active copper smelter facility,
consisting of a concentrator, crusher, smelter andtailings
deposition. Smelting operations (smelting area) are conducted
within an approximately200-acre area, all within an approximate
1,000-acre property boundary. The remaining 800acres are
undeveloped. An overhead conveyor belt which is approximately 2,000
feet longpasses directly over some of Hayden’s streets on the
southeastern portion of the town. Theconveyor belt transfers
concentrated copper ore to the crushing plant, adjacent to State
Highway177. Two tailing piles are also associated with the
facility; an approximate 1,240-acre tailingspile located along
State Highway 177 on the north side of the Gila River, and an
approximate500-acre tailings pile located on the south side of the
Gila River. Asarco receives copper ore byrailway from the Ray Mine,
located 12 miles northwest of Hayden.
The areas of concern for this assessment included the
residential, commercial, and publicproperties within the city
limits of Hayden, Winkelman, and Kearny, the towns
surroundingAsarco. Hayden (approximately 900 residents) has a land
area of approximately 1.3 squaremiles and is located between the
smelting area and the tailings pile on the north side of the
GilaRiver. Hayden consists primarily of residential development,
community facilities and Asarco’ssmelting and concentrating
operations. Many unused or abandoned residential and
commercialproperties are present in the town. Asarco operations
occur along the northern, southern andeastern edges of the town.
The nearest residences to Asarco are adjacent to the south and west
ofthe smelting area.
Winkelman (approximately 1,200 residents) has a land area of 0.7
square miles and isapproximately one mile southeast of Hayden along
State Highway 177. Development withinWinkelman is primarily
residential, with a school (grades K-12) on the north edge of
town,
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commercial development along State Highway 177, a cemetery on
the western side of town, anda community park on the eastern edge
of the town. Several religious and community facilitiesare
dispersed throughout the town.
Kearny (approximately 2,500 residents) has a land area of
approximately 2.8 square miles and islocated approximately eight
miles west north west of Hayden. Kearny consists of a school(grades
K-12) on the northern edge of town, with a commercial strip
adjacent to State Highway177 near the eastern edge of town,
primarily residential development to the west and south, and asmall
airport at the southern edge of town. Additional residences are
located on the eastern edgeof town across Highway 177, and several
religious and community facilities dispersedthroughout the
town.
2.3 Site HistoryThe Ray Mine has been mined for copper since
1880. Asarco constructed its Hayden smelter in1911 and began to
process ore from the Ray Mine in 1912. In 1958 the Kennecott
CopperCompany (Kennecott) began operation of its Ray Smelter in
Hayden and Asarco stoppedreceiving ore. In 1982 Kennecott stopped
operating and the next year Asarco bought Kennecott,resuming
control over the Ray Mine operations. This created the Asarco Ray
Complex whichconsists of the Ray Mining operations and the Hayden
operations. The Asarco Ray Complexoperation is currently active
(ADEQ 2003).
The towns of Hayden, Winkelman and Kearny were founded in 1909,
1887, and 1849respectively. Hayden was founded by Hayden Stove and
Company (a mining company),Winkelman was established by farmers
migrating to the region ahead of railroad construction,and Kearny
was founded as a base camp for General Stephen W. Kearny then built
as a plannedcommunity in 1950 specifically for workers at the
Kennecott Copper Company facility (nowAsarco). The economies of all
three towns are historically related to copper mining operationsin
the area (Arizona Department of Commerce 2004).
2.4 Previous InvestigationsIn 1988 E & E was tasked by the
USEPA to conduct a preliminary assessment and evaluation ofthe site
using the Hazard Ranking System (HRS) scoring. E & E
recommended a high priorityScreening Site Inspection (SI) be
conducted at the site. In 1991, the ADEQ completed a non-sampling
SI and concluded that based on documented releases to the air and
soil, the site
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qualified for further consideration under the CERCLA regulations
(ADEQ 2003).
In 2000 the USEPA tasked E & E to review site information
and previous sampling data,determine additional data needs,
recommend sampling to gather necessary data, and develop aworkplan
to conduct sampling. E & E determined that additional data was
required toadequately document, for HRS scoring, the soil,
groundwater and surface water exposurepathways associated with the
site. Potential sources of soil contamination associated with
theAsarco operations included wind-blown dust from tailings piles,
smelter smokestack emissionsand dust from operation of the overhead
conveyer belt in Hayden. E & E recommended that soilsampling be
conducted in and around the towns of Hayden and Winkelman (Ecology
&Environment 2000).
ADEQ performed an Expanded Site Investigation (ESI) in 2002,
conducting sampling aroundAsarco operations in and near Hayden.
ADEQ sampling documented elevated levels of arsenic,cadmium,
copper, mercury and lead in surficial soil at residential and
public sampling locationsin Hayden and from locations in Kennecott
Avenue Wash and Power House Wash, which theyconcluded was a result
of Asarco operations (ADEQ 2003).
A total of 27 locations in Hayden were sampled during the ESI;
26 with concentrations ofarsenic above the Arizona Residential Soil
Remediation Level (R-SRL) of 10 milligrams perkilogram (mg/kg), 24
with copper concentrations above the R-SRL of 2,800 mg/kg, and
threewith lead concentrations above the R-SRL of 400 mg/kg.
Although cadmium and mercury weredetected at elevated levels
compared to background concentrations, these constituents were
notdetected above their respective R-SRLs of 38 mg/kg and 6.7
mg/kg. The concentrations ofmetals ranged from 3 to 67.4 mg/kg of
arsenic, 863 to 55,100 mg/kg of copper, 24.7 to 851mg/kg of lead,
0.59 to 12.4 mg/kg of cadmium and 0.05 to 0.48 mg/kg of mercury.
Backgroundsamples were collected from locations ranging from
approximately two and one half to three and one half miles north of
Hayden. Background concentrations ranged from 4.6 to 14 mg/kg
ofarsenic, 220 to 2,700 mg/kg of copper, 20-1,700 mg/kg of lead,
0.5-4 mg/kg of cadmium and0.04 to 0.06 mg/kg of mercury. Based on
the observed metals contamination in residential andpublicly
accessible areas in and around Hayden, the ESI concluded that
referral to the EPARegion 9 ERS for further assessment was
necessary (ADEQ 2003).
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INSERT FIGURE 2-1
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3 FIELD ACTIVITIES
Field work was conducted for this assessment from October 18
through October 21, 2004. START field activities consisted of
mapping the sampling locations using a global positioningsystem
(GPS) and collecting surface soil samples. Photographic
documentation of STARTactivities are included in Appendix A.
3.1 Deviations from the Sampling and Analysis PlanAll work was
conducted in accordance with the SAP dated September 2004 with the
followingexceptions:
• Section 4.1 Sample Location. The SAP specified that samples
would be collected at 52 locations in Hayden, 83locations in
Winkelman and 168 locations in Kearny. The USEPA was unable
toobtain access agreements for several of the properties where
sampling wasproposed. This was based on inability to contact
property owners or propertyowners who were unwilling to participate
in the study. Where possible, samplelocations were moved to
randomly selected locations on town property within thesample grid
to maintain a representative spread of sample locations.
However,public property locations were not always available within
the designated samplegrid, resulting in the reduction of the total
number of locations for each town. Atotal of 51 locations in
Hayden, 69 locations in Winkelman, and 89 locations inKearny were
sampled.
Figure 4-1 in the SAP identified the proposed sample grid
locations in the town ofHayden. Several of these grid locations
were identified based on consent fromAsarco to sample on its
property. During the sampling activities, Asarcorepresentatives
informed the USEPA On-Scene Coordinator (OSC) that fivesamples
collected at locations on Asarco property could not be submitted to
thelaboratory for analysis and were to be returned to Asarco.
Therefore, five samplegrids in Hayden could not be used because
Asarco had disallowed sampling. Accordingly, the START added an
additional five sample grids and randomsampling locations to the
town of Hayden and collected samples at these locationsto attempt
to maintain a representative number of sample grids.
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Additionally, the sample location for sample grid 220 in Hayden
was located on asteep sloping hillside and was inaccessible. This
location was move by thesampling team approximately 150 feet south
to the nearest accessible location. This location was not within
the sample grid but was determined to be within anappropriate
distance to the grid.
• Section 6.1.3 Field MeasurementThe SAP specified that the GPS
would be used to locate the precise latitude andlongitude of the
sample points assigned by the ArcView 3.3 Random PointGenerator
program. Due to malfunction of the GPS, the 18 sample
pointscollected in Kearny on October 21, 2004 were located visually
using a aerialphotograph showing the sample point locations. The
START was able to recordthe precise location of the sample
collected using the GPS and the sample pointswere determined to be
within the proposed sample grid and within an acceptabledistance of
the preassigned locations.
3.2 Sampling ActivitiesUnder the authority of USEPA OSC Steve
Calanog, the START conducted soil sampling fromOctober 18 to
October 21, 2004. Also present on site during the field activities
were Lisa Fasanoof the USEPA Public Information Office, Hector
Aguirre of the USEPA Community InvolvementOffice and John Gilbert
of the USEPA Environmental Response Team.
The START sampled the designated areas of concern as specified
in the SAP with deviationspreviously discussed. Sample locations
for Hayden, Winkelman, Kearny and background arepresented in
Figures 3-1 through 3-4 respectively. As specified in the SAP,
samples werecollected at previously determined random locations.
Samples were collected at 89 locations inthe town of Kearny, 69
locations in the town of Winkelman, and at 51 locations in the town
ofHayden. Background samples were collected at six locations along
State Highway 177, rangingfrom approximately 12 to 17 miles south
of Winkelman.
Six START members were present on site for the sampling
activities. A team of three STARTmembers collected samples in the
towns of Winkelman and Hayden and a team of two STARTmembers
collected samples in the town of Kearny. Sample team members
located and recordedsample points with the GPS, collected samples,
prepared samples, recorded sample information,
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and photographically documented sample locations. The START
Project Manager assisted thesampling teams and performed project
coordination and overall sample management duringsampling
activities.
Soil samples were collected at each location by laying down a
one square foot plastic templateand collecting the surficial soil
to approximately 2 inches below ground surface (bgs) within
thatsquare using a dedicated plastic scoop. The surficial soil was
then placed into a plastic samplebag and homogenized before being
poured into an 8 ounce glass jar. Samples were then labeledand
transferred under chain-of-custody to the laboratory.
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INSERT FIGURE 3-1
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INSERT FIGURE 3-2
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INSERT FIGURE 3-3
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INSERT FIGURE 3-4
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4 ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Samples were submitted to Ecology and Environment Analytical
Services Center (ASC) inLancaster, New York, Severn Trent
Laboratories (STL) in Tacoma, Washington, and EMAXLaboratories,
Inc. (EMAX) in Torrance, California for analysis by EPA Methods
6010B TotalsMetals and EPA Method 1311, the Toxicity Characteristic
Leaching Procedure (TCLP) Metals. The START submitted 95 samples,
24 duplicate samples and 2 performance evaluation samplesto ASC; 63
samples, 23 duplicate samples and 2 performance evaluation samples
to STL; and 57samples, 24 duplicate samples and 2 performance
evaluation samples to EMAX.
4.1 Data QualityLaboratory data generated by STL and EMAX was
validated by a START chemist followingQuality Assurance/Quality
Control Guidance for Removal Activities, Sampling QA/QC
PlanValidation Procedures, OSWER Directive 9360.4-1, April 1990.
Laboratory data generated byACS was validated by Conestoga-Rovers
& Associates. Laboratory data were found to beacceptable with
qualification as definitive category data and determined to be
usable to meetproject use objectives with the exception of silver
TCLP data for 19 samples. Silver TCLP datafor samples H-1190a,
K-1275a, K-137, K-153, K-154, K-164, K-167, K-169, K-177, K-186,
K-189, K-238, K-256, K-275, K-276, K-277, K-293, K-373, and K-374
was rejected on the basis ofvery low relative percent differences
for Matrix Spike/Matrix Spike Duplicate (MS/MSD) onduplicate
samples. The START data validation reports are included as Appendix
F and qualifiedsummary data are included in Appendices B, C, D and
E.
During the investigation, field duplicate samples were taken at
twenty-four locations. Fieldduplicates were analyzed by each of the
three laboratories to determine reproducibility with theexception
of two samples (W-092 and H-169) which were each submitted to two
of the threelaboratories. The analysis of field duplicates showed
acceptable reproducibility between alllaboratories used during this
investigation with the following exceptions. Results for
totalthallium and beryllium were qualified as estimated (J
qualified), due to elevated results that werenot reproduced in
corresponding field duplicates. Results for TCLP barium, copper,
and zincappeared to be highly variable among all field duplicates
and were qualified as estimated. Adetailed analysis of field
duplicate samples is included in Appendix F.
4.2 Discussion of Results
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The START sampled points within 89 sample grids in the town of
Kearny, 69 sample grids in thetown of Winkelman, and 51 sample
grids in the town of Hayden to determine the areal extent
ofcontamination within the three towns. The START compared the soil
sample data to the R-SRLs,the site action levels, for arsenic (10
mg/kg), copper (2,800 mg/kg), and lead (400 mg/kg). Additionally,
the results of all of the TCLP analysis for each sample were
compared to the TCLPlimits for set forth in the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). A discussion ofsampling
results for each town is presented below and includes the range of
metals concentrationsin samples in the town, as well as a
discussion of the sample grids which demonstratedcontaminant
concentrations above an action level.
4.2.1 KearnyThe laboratory results for samples from Kearny with
documented concentrations of contaminantsof concern above the
R-SRLs are presented in Table 4-1 and the sample grids with
concentrationsabove R-SRLs are displayed on Figure 4-1. All of the
laboratory results for samples collected inthe town of Kearny are
presented in a summary table as Appendix B, including TCLP results.
The TCLP analysis for the samples collected in Kearny did not
document concentrations abovethe TCLP limits for any of the
constituents with the exception of one sample K-153 which had aTCLP
concentration of 9.66 mg/L of lead. This concentration is above the
TCLP limit of 5 mg/L,however, based on data validation (see report
in Appendix F) this concentration was determinedto likely be biased
high.
The Total Metals analysis identified contaminants of concern
above the R-SRLs at 10 locations. Copper was not detected above its
R-SRL at any locations in Kearny and concentrations rangedfrom 29.7
to 1740 mg/kg. Lead concentrations ranged from 10.1 to 576 mg/kg
with only onesample, K-177, documenting a concentration above the
R-SRL. Arsenic was detected above itsR-SRL at nine locations with
concentrations ranging from 10.1 to 19.6 mg/kg. Beryllium
andthallium were also detected just above their R-SRLS of 1.4 mg/kg
and 6.1 mg/kg respectively inseveral samples. However, based on
data validation, these concentrations were determined tolikely be
biased high.
The highest concentrations of arsenic documented were within
sample grids K-281, K-186 and K-95, at concentrations of 19.3, 19.6
and 26 mg/kg respectively. Sample locations K-281 and K-186 were
within the main residential area of Kearny at the northern and
southern ends. However,no other locations in close proximity to
either of these locations demonstrated concentrations
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above the R-SRLs. K-95 was located on the school property at the
northern edge of town in thevicinity of State Highway 177. Three
other samples in this general area showed arsenicconcentrations
just over R-SRLs with concentrations ranging from 10.1 to 11
mg/kg.
Four additional locations demonstrated concentrations of arsenic
just above the R-SRL, withconcentrations ranging from 10.4 to 12.2
mg/kg. These locations were dispersed throughout thenortheastern
part of Kearny with the majority of the locations in the vicinity
of State Highway177. At location K-189, a duplicate sample
location, arsenic was detected above the R-SRL inone duplicate
sample at 10.9 mg/kg and at less than 8.6 mg/kg in the other three
samplessubmitted for this location. Based on the dispersion of
sample grids throughout Kearnydocumenting concentrations of
contaminants above action levels, additional sampling wouldlikely
be required to define the extent of contamination in the general
areas where theseconcentrations were detected.
4.2.2 Winkelman
The laboratory results for samples from Winkelman with
documented concentrations ofcontaminants of concern above the
R-SRLs are presented in Table 4-2 and the sample grids
withconcentrations above R-SRLs are displayed on Figure 4-2. All of
the data for samples collectedin the town of Winkelman are
presented in a summary table in Appendix C, including TCLPresults.
The TCLP analysis for the samples collected in Winkelman did not
documentconcentrations above the TCLP limits for any of the
constituents.
The Total Metals analysis identified contaminants of concern
above the R-SRLs at 16 locations. Although it was not considered a
contaminant of concern, antimony was detected above its R-SRL,
31mg/kg, at one location W-151 at 50.8 mg/kg. However no other
samples containedantimony at concentrations above its R-SRL.
Additionally, beryllium and thallium were alsodetected at
concentrations just above their R-SRLS of 1.4 mg/kg and 6.1 mg/kg
respectively inseveral samples. However, based on data validation,
these concentrations were determined tolikely be biased high.
Copper was detected above its R-SRL at seven locations with
overallconcentrations ranging from 36.4 to 19,000 mg/kg. All of
these sample locations, withconcentrations above the action level,
were in the southern part of the town in the vicinity of
StateHighway 177. Lead was present above its R-SRL in samples
collected at three locations, W-134,W-138, and W-160, at
concentrations of 468 mg/kg, 489 mg/kg and 403 mg/kg
respectively.
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Lead concentrations ranged from 5.87 to 4.98 mg/kg. Locations
demonstrating copper and leadconcentrations above R-SRLs also had
arsenic concentrations above its R-SRL.
Arsenic was present above its R-SRL in samples from 16
locations, with concentrations rangingfrom 1 to 320 mg/kg.
Locations with concentrations above the action level were
primarilylocated at the northern and southern edges of the town.
Three locations, W-31, W-32, and W-44,on the school property at the
northern tip of town showed arsenic concentrations ranging from11.3
to 12.2 mg/kg. These sample grids are the closest grids to the
Asarco facility that weresampled in Winkelman. One sample, W-89, in
the middle portion of the town along the westernedge revealed a
concentration of 10.1 mg/kg of arsenic, however, no other samples
collected inthis area demonstrated concentrations above action
levels. The remaining 12 locations withconcentrations of arsenic
above the action level were in the southern portion of the town in
thevicinity of State Highway 177. Concentrations ranged from 10.3
to 320 mg/kg. The potentialsource of contaminants in these
locations appears to be aerially dispersed from vehicles
travelingalong the highway.
The sample with the highest arsenic concentration, W-160 with
320 mg/kg, also demonstrated thehighest concentration of copper,
19,000 mg/kg, and a lead concentration of 403 mg/kg. Thissample was
located in a wash area adjacent to the railroad tracks and
demonstrated copper andarsenic concentrations which are
significantly higher than any other samples collected.
Elevatedlevels at this location have two likely potential causes:
the railroad cars which are used totransport copper ore and tailing
may have dropped contaminated material in this area or;
tailings,which are documented to have been washed into the Gila
River from the two tailings piles duringheavy rains and high water
levels, were deposited in this area.
4.2.3 Hayden
The laboratory results for samples from Hayden with documented
concentrations of contaminantsof concern above the R-SRLs are
presented in Table 4-3 and the sample grids with
concentrationsabove R-SRLs are displayed on Figure 4-2. All of the
data for samples collected in the town ofHayden are presented in a
summary table in Appendix D, including TCLP results. The
TCLPanalysis for the samples collected in Hayden did not document
concentrations above the TCLPlimits for any of the constituents. Of
the 51 locations sampled in Hayden for Total Metals, 40contained
metals contamination above R-SRLs. Lead concentrations ranged from
19.1 to 463
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mg/kg, with a concentration above the action level at only one
location, H-188. Copper wasdetected at 29 locations above its R-SRL
with concentrations ranging from 418 to 11,400 mg/kg. Arsenic was
detected above its action level at 40 locations with concentrations
ranging from 4.69to 91 mg/kg.
Sample locations demonstrating high arsenic concentrations
generally coincided with elevatedcopper levels. Although
concentrations of copper and arsenic were documented
throughoutHayden, the highest concentrations were typically found
at locations nearest the Asarco facilityand particularly in areas
near the overhead conveyor belt. Sample H-190, which is
locatedadjacent to the conveyor belt, demonstrated the highest
levels of both arsenic and copper, likelyfrom materials blown or
dropped from the conveyor. Based on the active smelting, crushing
andconcentrating operations occurring at the Asarco facility,
elevated levels of contaminants ofconcern found throughout Hayden
are presumably the result of aerially dispersed contaminationfrom
these operations.
4.2.4 Background
Background samples were collected at locations ranging between
12 and 17 miles south ofWinkelman along State Highway 77. The
results for the analytes of concern are presented inTable 4-4 and
the results for all of the analytes are presented in a summary
table in Appendix E . Background samples documented lead
concentrations ranging from 15.5 to 45.8 mg/kg with anaverage
concentration of 29.6 mg/kg. Copper concentrations ranged from 145
mg/kg to 1390mg/kg with an average concentration of 585.5 mg/kg and
arsenic concentrations ranged from 2.99to 8.53 mg/kg with an
average concentration of 5.72 mg/kg. These results suggest that
levels ofthe constituents detected at concentrations above their
respective R-SRLs, in samples from thethree towns investigated, are
not naturally occurring.
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INSERT TABLE 4-1
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INSERT TABLE 4-2
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INSERT TABLE 4-3
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INSERT TABLE 4-3 P-2
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INSERT TABLE 4-4
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Insert Figure 4-1
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Insert Figure 4-2
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Insert Figure 4-3
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5 CONCLUSION
Analytical results from samples collected in the towns of
Hayden, Winkelman and Kearnydocument areas with concentrations of
copper, lead and arsenic above their respective R-SRLs. Arsenic was
detected above action levels more frequently than the other
constituents and lead wasdetected above the action level in only a
limited number of sample grids in each town. Samplegrids displaying
concentrations of metals above the R-SRLs in Kearny were generally
dispersedthroughout the town and did not demonstrate specific
regions of the town where contaminationwas likely to occur.
Additionally, based on the results of this sampling event in
Kearny, copperdoes not appear to be a constituent of concern in
this town, as copper was not detected above theR-SRL in any of the
sample grids. Sample grids with concentrations of the contaminants
ofconcern above R-SRLs in Winkelman point to two main areas of
concern within the town, thenorthern portion of town, closest to
the Asarco facility, and the south to southwestern edge oftown
along State Highway 177. Hayden samples document elevated levels of
contaminantsthroughout the town, the highest concentrations in
close proximity to the Asarco facility. Basedon the results of this
sampling event, contamination is present in all three towns
sampled. It isrecommended that the sampled grids which documented
elevated levels of the contaminants ofconcern be evaluated further
by the USEPA States, Tribes and Assessment Section to determine
iffurther assessment of the areas of concern is necessary.
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6 REFERENCES
ADEQ, Expanded Site Inspection Report, Asarco Inc., Hayden
Plant, 640 Hayden Avenue, HadenGila County, Arizona. April 25,
2003.
Arizona Department of Commerce, Kearny, Hayden, and Winkelman:
Community Profile. June2004
Ecology and Environment Inc., Asarco - Hayden Copper Smelter
Workplan. August 2000.
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APPENDIX ASite Photographs
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APPENDIX BKearny Analytical Result Summary Tables
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APPENDIX CWinkelman Analytical Result Summary Tables
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APPENDIX DHayden Analytical Result Summary Tables
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APPENDIX EBackground Analytical Result Summary Tables
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APPENDIX FData Validation Reports(available upon request)