Articulation

Articulation reportPrisca Soyoung Bae

DESN 280 Fall 2010

Table of Contents

Categories of Movement

Kinematic MovementArticulation

Assisted Movement linear motion

rotary motion

osciliating motion

reciprocating motion

cam

cable

hose

belt

pulley

gear

linkage

spring

crank

ratchet

fold

pivot

telescope

nest

slide

reconfiguration

roll

bend

inflate

01

23

05

29

13

37

02

25

07

31

15

39

03

27

09

33

17

41

04

11

35

1921

Introduction

The word articulation generally refers to how the pieces of something are joined together; for example, how bones are connected to make a skeleton or the way of opening or closing the door. Articulation depends on what is happening at the beginning and end of each segment, as well as in between the segments. The most important part of the articulation is to maximize the useablity with minimum space. As a designer, it is necessary to understand how things are articulated to each other to make advanced objects.

Linear Motion

Types of Motion

Linear motion is the most basic of all motions. Uninterrupted objects will continue to move in a straight line.

Linear motion is measured in two parts. Speed, and direction. Together these make up the velocity.

1

Rotary Motion

Types of Motion

Rotary motion is motion in a circle. The starting point for many mecha-nisms.

When an object moves in a circle centered around a specific point called an axis.

2

Osciliating motion

Types of Motion

An Oscillating motion is one that moves forwards and backwards in an arc or circle repeatedly.

It is different from the reciprocating motion in which motion is forward and backwards but in a straight line repeatedly.

3

Reciprocating Motion

Types of Motion

Reciprocating motion the move-ment include forward & backwards, up and down , side to side but in a straight line. It repeats itself over and over.

4

Kinematic Movement

Cams

The motion created can be simple and regular or complex and irregular.

As the cam turns, driven by the circular motion, the cam follower traces the surface of the cam transmitting its motion to the required mecha-nism.

convert rotary motion into reciprocating motion. 5

The sewing machine is an example of cams gear. The gear is located in front of the machine to operate the machine.The needle is going up and down for threading.

Sewingmachin.us

This toy is an example of the cams. By rotating the handle on the right side, the toy on the top will move up and down by using cams mechanism.

Examples of Cams

norfokbeachcomber.co.uk

Kinematic Movement

Cables

An enlongated flexible cable is attatched to supporting structure to pull, hold, and connect cerain mechanism.

An enlongated flexible rope that supporting structures.

Hose

Cable

7

The cable car is the most important usage of the cable mechanisms. It is connected to pulley and work as a rail of the cable car.

The cable is commonly used for bicyle brake. When the rider pressed the brake of each sides, the cable stops the running wheel which connected to the wheel directly.

Examples of Cable

demandsstudio.comthecityfix.com

Kinematic Movement

Hose

A hose is a hollow tube designed to carry fluids, air, or any liquid substances from one location to another. The most known characteristics of hose is its flexibility.

Hollow tube designed to transfer fluids, air, or any liquid substances form one location to another.

Transfering motion

9

The fuel hose is another example of common usage of the hose. It emphasizes the flexibilty of the hose to adjust its lenghts.

The air hose transfers the compressed air from the origin to the head of the hose.

Examples of Hose

hotrodsparts.com

Kinematic Movement

Belt

Belt is a mechanism that transfer a power and movement from one’s pivot to another. Belt is flexible to adjust its lenghts and width according to the wheels.

Belt drives are used transfer rotational motion from one place to another.11

The bicycle gear is also connected to the metal belt to make the wheel go around back and forth. By diferenciating two different piviot points, it can adjust its number of circulation.

The treadmill is basically operating by the huge belt that is circling around the pivot poit.

Examples of Belt

usedstationarybikes.comcozybeehive.blogspot.com

Kinematic Movement

Pulley

As the rope is pulled down the weight moves up by the same distance.

In the compound pulley on the right the rope is wrapped around two pulleys.

Pulley is used with rope, belt, or cable to lift and down the weights.

Single pulley Double pulley

13

The flag pole is an example of single pully mechanism. As the rope is pulled down, the flag moves up from the bottom by simple pulley mechanism.

The crane truck is another common example of pulley mechanism. The crane holds and much heavy objects so the most of them have double pulley.

Examples of Pulley

picturenary.compicsdigger.com

Kinematic Movement

Gear

Machine component consisting of a toothed wheel attached to a rotating shaft.

Gears operate in pairs, the teeth of one engaging the teeth of a second, to transmit and modify rotary motion and torque.Rack and pinion gears are used to convert rotation into linear motion. When the teeth of two gears are meshed, turning one gear will cause the other to rotate.

a mechanism for transmitting motion for some specific purpose.

Pinion

Rack

15

This is an example of gear mechanism for the bicycle gear. All the different sizes of the gears work together accordingly.

Examples of Gear

adventure.howstuffworks.comonthedash.com

The watch is common usage of the gear mechanism. The inside of the watch is orga-nized with all different sides of the gear to operate the time correctly.

Kinematic Movement

Linkage

A linkage is a mechanism made by connecting together levers.

To connect the levers together you can use any type of fastening which allows free movement, for example screws, pins, paper fasteners, pop rivets etc.

The linkage can be made to change the direction of a force or make two or more things move at the same time.

mechanism made by connecting levers together to change the direction of a force.

Moving Piviot

Moving Piviot

Fixed Piviot

17

Many of the toolbox contains the linkaged organizer inside of the box which make it more spacious and organized.

This folding ladder is very useful be-cause it only takes minimum space to store it. The linkage mechanism make it to be foldable for better handling. When you pull out the ladder, all the other will follow af-terwards by linkage mechanism.

Examples of Linkage

cleverandeasy.comtooled-up.com

Assisted Movement

Spring

A spring is an elastic object used to store mechanical energy to force out the mechanical move-ment when it releases the potential energy.

A spring is an elastic object used to store mechanical energy.

Compression Spring Tension Spring

19

The spring mechanism is commonly used for the mat-tresses. The compression spring helps the mattress to retrieve the original shapes even after the heavy weight loaded.

The clicky ball pen has the spring mechanism inside to man-age its inks not to runs out fast and works as on and off. When you click the pen to use the ink, the compression spring mechanism will help to bring out the tip of the pen to outside of the pen.

Examples of Spring

cafe.naver.comfoammattressbeds.com

Assisted Movement

Crank

The crank is used to convert rotary motion to reciprocating or oscillating motion. With careful timing it can also be used to convert motion the other way... from reciprocating to rotary.

The throw of the reciprocating motion is determined by the offset of the crank.

A mechanism that converts rotary motion to reciprocating or socillating motion.

Crank

21

2121

This exercise machine have the crank mechanism on the paddle to operate its function. When the paddle spins the crank mechanism transfer the rotary motion to reciprocating motion to spin the big wheel.

This hose organizer has the crank mecha-nism to roll the long length of the hose easier and faster. By spinning the handle, the hose will roll around the organizer directly.

Examples of Crank

luxuryhousingtrends.comAmericanfitness.net

2121

Assisted Movement

Ratchet

The ratchet can be used to move a toothed wheel one tooth at a time. The part used to move the ratchet is known as the pawl. The ratchet can be used as a way of gearing down motion.

The pawl locks on ratchet to prevents to go opposite direction.

used to ensure that motion only occurs in only one direction

pawl

ratchet

Locking system

23

pawl

The clamps uses the ratchet mechanism to hold the object firmly. When you adjust its length, the clamps will stay and lock by itself caused by the ratchet mechanism.

This lock is made with ratchet mechanism to ensure its security. The ratchet mechanism will lock its direction only to one direction.

Examples of ratchet

amazon.comtooled-up.com

Articulation

Fold

Folding allows an object to collapse to makes things more compact, portable, and easy to store.

This method is commonly used with fabric which can be easily fold-ed without any mechanism such as hinge.

allows and object to collapse to make things more compact, and easy to store.25

This dual fold sskateboard is a regular skateboard with a pair of flush mounted cabinet hinges underneath which allow it to basically fold in half for easy transporting.

This paper fan is folded in many times to make it more portable and compact.

Examples of folding

allyouneedtowear.comcraziestgadget.com

Articulation

Pivot

Pivoting allows the object jointed in one point and creates the rotary movement.

It can be rotated with one axy which is called swivel, or multi-axies with pivot motion.

creates the rotary movement that is jointed in one point.

One-axy Multi-axies

27

This fold cell phone is foldable by pivioting motion. The piviot joint allows it to rotates in one direction.

This game controller has 3di-mensional pivot motion. It has multi-axies to control more freely and creates variety moves in game.

Examples of pivoting

gmaing-hexux.netnew-cell-phones.org

Articulation

Telescope

Telescoping allows to slide inward or outward in overlapping sections of an object to make more compact or concise. It contains its smaller parts inside of an object.

allows to slide inward or outward in overlapping sections of an object. (multiple nesting in a series)29

The legs of the tripod has telescoping motion to make it more portable and easy to store with the camera.

The fishing pole is a common example of telescoping. By using this mechanism, it can maximize the length of the pole to catch fishes from the fur ther areas. And It is easy to carry around rather than just a long stick.

Examples of telescoping

wellpromo.comphotoanswers.co.uk

Articulation

Nest

Nesting is an articulation that smaller objects fits inside of the lager objects to minimize the foot-print of an object. Each parts can be stacking together or just nesting on to each other.

To minimize its footprints, the larger objects overlapping on the smaller objects. 31

This stackable shopping carts is an example of the nesting. It saves lots of spaces just by stacking up all of them in-stead of storing them separately. They are nested togheth-er accorting to their trapezoid shapes.

This stackable furniture is nesting together to save more spaces and maxi-mize its function.

Examples of nesting

remodelista.comcommons.wikimedia.org

Articulation

Slide

Slide is an articulation that two planes moves opposite way to each other. It helps to add more features on the objects with minimal spaces.

Two planes moves in opposite way and creates bigger planes. 33

This cell phone has the slide mechanism on the one side to have the keypad feature in such a small object.

The sliding door for the furniture is useful for small spaces. It helps to open the door easier in small spaces.

Examples of sliding

freshome.comtechblog.com

Articulation

Reconfiguration

Reconfiguration is an articulation that allows to rearrange the parts of an object. A separated parts cab detach and attach to other place to have variety functions as well as the design aspects.

To rearrange the elements or settings of35

The Lego is an example of the reconfig-uration toy that allows people to create variety things with different shapes of lego parts.

The pen and lid is a common example of reconfiguration. When you are about to use the pen, you detach the lid part from the top and reconfigure it to the end of the pen to make sure you would not lose it.

Examples of reconfigurating

motorsportlegends.com.autechblog.com

Articulation

Roll

Roll is a flexible articulation that allows an object to wrap around or moves freely with flexible materials.

Made with flexible material that allows it to move freely.37

This digital measurement tape is an example of rolling ar ticulation. The measurement tape is rolled inside of the box and flexible enough to roll out and measure any length.

This retractable earphone is an example of rolling ar ticultion that makes it useful and easier to carry around by rolling the unusing cords inside of the case.

Examples of rolling

hotref.comthinkgeek.com

Articulation

Bend

Bend is an articulation that allows an object to be adjusted for some purposes. It is used with flexible materials so it would not crack while you are bending. For exam-ple, silicon, aluminum, or thin plastic tissue will be great for this articulation.

allow an object to adjust for certain purposes with flexible mater39

This bendable LED light figure is allows you to adjust it for unique shapes and the right position just for your own taste.

The Gorillapod is a unique tripod, and a very useful tool for many different types of photographers. It has a flexible design, yet practical for every different users. Each leg has many joints that enable it to flex and bend in any way you can imagine. Bendable leg allows users to have variety angles of photo.

Examples of bending

ofzenandcomputing.comkaieteur.uk.com

Articulation

Inflate

Inflate is used with flexible material to retrieve its original shape easily with the air, gas, or liquid. It can easily ex-pands its shape for certain function.

Allows an object toexpands its shape by inserting an air, gas, or liquid.

Air inserts

41

This inflatable mattress beds allows users to carry the bed everywhere and store it in a small space. Because of inflating ar ticulation, it helps you to use it and put it away easily whenever you are done with it.

The one of the common usage of inflate articulation is the tire wheel. It allows to inflate by air and made out of rubber for absorbing the shock of the car. Easy to retrieve its origianl shape with an air.

Examples of inflating

michelinman.camattressman.co.uk