Article on 'Life Cycle of Indian Concrete Industry' by Chaitanya Raj Goyal

7/27/2019 Article on 'Life Cycle of Indian Concrete Industry' by Chaitanya Raj Goyal

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42 Tbi Lhstirjucfdir , @ufy :>8? www+lhstirjucfdir+oa+ck

Oakoriti0 FOH

Obhcthkyh Zh` MayhfObhcthkyh Zh` Mayhf

-ZITBCKECKM OAKOZITI-0-ZITBCKECKM OAKOZITI-0Fcgi Oyofi ag tbi Ckdchk OakoritiCkdustryFcgi Oyofi ag tbi Ckdchk OakoritiCkdustry

cgi oyofi hssisslikt "FOH# cstadhy-s susthckhjcfcty juzzward&Fhkd tbi ckdustry cs gcffid wctb fcvify

dijhti hjaut cts clphot+ Hs lhky rht,ckm systils fcei FIID& ito+ gckd tbicrpfhoi ck tbi lavilikt& ckorihsckm il,pbhscs cs pfhoid upak tbi clparthkoiag ixhlckckm hff hspiots ag h struoturi+Tbisi ckofudi kat `ust tbi jucfdckm ctsifg&jut tbi iljadcid ikirmy ag lhtirchfs&tbi fakm,tirl iggiots ag lhkughoturckmpraoissis& tbi sthmis ag oakstruotcak&jucfdckm pirgarlhkoi hkd apirhtcaks&durhjcfcty hkd lhcktikhkoi ag ixcstckmstruoturis& hkd ck tbi ikd , dilafctcak&lhtirchfs rioyofckm&hkd guturi fhkd usioaraffhry+

Ivik tbaumb& 2>) ag h jucfdckm-sOA: ilcsscaks hri mikirhtid kat jytbi praduotcak ag lhtirchfs usid ck ctsoakstruotcak& jut ck tbi ifiotrco utcfctcisavir cts fcgi,oyofi& aki jucfdckm lhtirchf&wbcob `ust ohkkat ji cmkarid cs OiliktOakoriti hkd kictbir ohk aki avirfaaeh divifapckm khtcak wbcob cs praduockmlari tbhk ?>> lcffcak oujco litir ag ctpir hkkul(

CkdchkOilikt OakoritiCkdustry0 Our,rikt tclis

Oakoriti wctkissis h praduotcakag8> jcffcak taks ihob yihr warfdwcdi+Tbi tathf oakoriti lhreit ck Ckdch cs istc,lhtid ht ?>>,?9> lcffcak oujco litirs

pir hkkul& ag wbcob tbi oallirochfpfhkt praduoid sbhri cs 99,79 lcffcakoujco litirs+ Ckdustry pfhyirs istc,lhti tbht tbcs sbhri cs ixpiotid ta maup mrhduhffy gral tbi prisikt fivif agfiss tbhk 3) ag tbi tathf oilikt pra,duotcak ta tbi mfajhf hvirhmi ag =>,=9)+ H oalphrcsak ag oakoriti pra,duotcak gcmuris gral dcggirikt oauktrcishfsa rivihfs tbht tbi armhkczid Ckdchkoakoriti ckdustry cs tbi tbcrd fhrmistoakoriti ckdustry ck tbi warfd+

Tbcs ckdustry aooupcis hk clpar,thkt pfhoi ck tbi Ckdchk ioakalyjiohusi ag cts strakm fckehmis ta sio,tars suob hs oakstruotcak& trhksparth,tcak&oahf hkdpawir+ TbimrawtbagCkdchk

7/27/2019 Article on 'Life Cycle of Indian Concrete Industry' by Chaitanya Raj Goyal

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Oilikt

]htirOakoritihddctcvi

Mrhvif

Zioyofckm hs mrhvifripfhoilikt

Oakoritimrhkufis

Fhkdgcff Jucfdckmoakstruotcak 8?

Ajvcausfy& fhrmi hlaukts ag ikirmyhkd lhtirchfs& ck hddctcak ta gckhkochfrisaurois& hri whstid wbik struoturisditircarhti ar ghcf prilhturify wbcob& ckghot& bhs jiik tbi ohsi wctb sali ri,oiktfy jucft rickgaroid oakoriti jrcdmis&jucfdckms hkd atbir struoturis ck Ckdch+

:+ Oilikt lhkughoturckm , Tbi prck,

ocphf jckdir ck oakoriti cs ^artfhkdoilikt& tbi praduotcak ag wbcob cs hlh ar oaktrcjutar ta mriikbausi mhsilcsscaks+ Tbi papufhr ^artfhkd oilikt

lcxis h pawdir ag hfulckh& scfcoh& fcli&crak axcdi&hkd lhmkisculaxcdi& wbcobcs tbik bihtid ht tilpirhturis up ta8&49> dimriis Oifscus+

Bihtckm hkd mrckdckm tbi oiliktlhtirchfs oaksulis hk hvirhmi ag 4,9mcmh`aufis ag ikirmy pir oilikt tak+Tbi ckdustry hs h wbafi usis jcffcaks ag

mcmh aufis ihob yihr+ Oilikt praduo,tcak,tbraumb oilikt pfhkt-s gasscf,jhsid ikirmy oaksulptcak& tbi OA:jurkid agg wbik fclistaki cs bihtid&

oilikt ckdustry hfsa sujsthktchtis tbimrawtb ag oauktry-s oakoriti siotar+

Ckdch cs tbi sioakd fhrmist praduoirag quhfcty oilikt ck tbi warfd& hkd ctsoilikt ckdustry oalprcsis 82? fhrmi

oilikt pfhkts hkd avir ?79 lckc oiliktpfhkts+ Ourriktfy& tbiri hri 4> pfhyirshorass tbi oauktry hkd tbi ckdustry csixpiotid ta hdd ?>,4> lcffcak takkispir hkkul "LT H# ag ohphocty ck :>8?gral tbi ixcstckm ohphoctyag ?:4 LT H&apirhtckm ht =9,2> pir oikt utcfczhtcak+

Tbirigari& ck vciw ag tbi mrawtb tbhttbi oakoriti siotar ck Ckdch cs ukdirma,ckm& hkd tbi fhrmi sbhri ct ofhcls ckcktirkhtcakhf oakoriti ckdustry& ct csclpirhtcvi tbht ckdustry fihdirs rihfczi

tbicr hooaukthjcfcty tawhrds mfajhfsusthckhjcfcty oakoirks hkd clpravitbicrgaous ak fcgi oyofi ag oakoriti lhk,ughoturid hkd usid ck Ckdch+

^raduotcak0 Baw dais oakoriti gct cktbi jcmpcoturi1

_tippid ak gar bukdrids ag yihrs&oakoriti rhrify mits tbi rispiot ct di,sirvis+ ^irbhps tbi last alkcprisiktjucfdckm lhtirchf& cts lhkughoturckm cshfsa hlakm tbi last ikirmy,oaksulckmhkd paffutckm ckdustrchf praoissis hkdhkhfysts ixpiot mriikbausi mhs ilcs,scaks gral mfajhf oakoriti praduotcakta jioali h oakscdirhjfi oaktrcjutarta ofclhti obhkmi ck tbi kixt :> yihrs+

Ivik tbaumb oakoriti oalphrisghvarhjfy ta atbir jucfdckm lhtirchfssuob hs stiif& waad hkd hspbhft wbcfihkhfyzckm ikirmy oaksulptcak hkd OA:ilcsscaks jut wbik ct oalis ta sus,thckhjfi divifaplikt& tbiri cs hfwhyshk appartukcty gar clpravilikt hkdtbcs cs ispiochffy hppfcohjfi ck ohsi ag

Ckdch+ Gar h vhrcity ag rihsaks& tbi oak,oriti oakstruotcak ckdustry cs kat sus,thckhjfi5 tbi tbrii prcli rihsaksjickm0

8+ Zisauroi praduotcvcty tbcs ckdus,try cs tbi fhrmist oaksulir ag vcrmcklhtirchfs suob hs shkd& mrhvif& orusbidraoe& hkd grisb whtir+ Ct cs oaksulckm^artfhkd hkd ladcgcid ^artfhkd oi,likts ht hk hkkuhf rhti ag lari tbhk hjcffcak litrco taks+ Tbi oilikt praduo,tcak ck turk oaksulis vhst hlaukts agfclistaki hkd ofhy+

Oilikt ^raduotcak hooaukts gar kihrfy =) ag mfajhf mriikbausi mhs ilcsscaks

Fcgi Oyofi ag Oakoriti "_auroi0 JLM Ikmckiirckm#

7/27/2019 Article on 'Life Cycle of Indian Concrete Industry' by Chaitanya Raj Goyal

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9> Tbi Lhstirjucfdir , @ufy :>8? www+lhstirjucfdir+oa+ck

wiik ??) hkd 9=) ag tbi OA: ilcttidgral ohfockhtcak wcff ji rihjsarjidtbraumb ohrjakhtcak ag oakoriti sur,ghois avir h 8>>,yihr fcgi oyofi+

Dispcti hff suob jikigcts&tbi ckdus,

try ck Ckdch cs stcff strummfckm ta ohpcthfcziak tbi ckbirikt hkd risihrobid jiki,gcts ag tbcs hlhzckm lhtirchf hkd hs dcs,oussid jigari& ivik tbaumb oakoritics hk ikvcraklikthffy grcikdfy obacoiwctb aki ag tbi fawist ohrjak gaatprcktshlakm jucfdckm lhtirchfs& tbiricshfwhyssoapi gar mrawtb wbikct oalis ta oak,sirvckm tbi ikvcraklikt hkd privikt,ckm hdvirsi ofclhtco obhkmis(

Gral praduotcak ta dilafctcak0 Dackmct jittir

H susthckhjfi oakoriti struoturi csaki tbht cs oakstruotid sa tbht tbi tathfsaocithf clphot durckm cts iktcri fcgioyofi cs lckclhf hkd tbirigari& tbi fcgi,oyofi oast hkhfyscs praoiss lust ivhf,uhti ikirmy usi hkd ikvcraklikthf cl,phot durckm tbi iktcri fcgi ag oakoriti+Tbcs praoiss lust ckofudi ixtrhotckmhkd praoissckm rhw lhtirchfs& lhku,ghoturckm&trhkspartckm& lhckthckckm& ri,oyofckm& hkd riturkckm ta tbi ikvcrak,likt+ Oasts hkd jikigcts lust ji ivhf,uhtid hkd ukdirstaad ck jatb tbi sbarttirl hkd tbi fakm tirl+

Ct dais kat thei h mikcus ta ukdir,sthkd tbht h fhrmi,sohfi liobhkczhtcakgar praduotcak ag ikmckiirid oakoritiwctb lckirhf hkd obilcohf hdlcxturis&wctb tbi rcmbt quhfcty oaktraf sobili&ohk fihd ta jittir susthckhjcfcty ag oak,oriti ck Ckdch+ Tbiri hri sali wartbysafutcaks wbcob cg oalpribikscvify& strco,tfy& secffguffy hkd itbcohffy clpfiliktid&ohk bifp tbi ckdustry hotuhffy -da ctjittir-(

Ckdustrchf ioafamy , hobcivckm clpra,vilikt ck risauroi praduotcvcty tbraumbdurhjcfcty ikbhkoilikt ag praduots cs&ag oaursi& h fakm,tirl safutcak gar sus,thckhjfi divifaplikt+ H sbart,tirlstrhtimy tbht lust ji pursuid sclufth,kiausfy cs ta prhotcoi ckdustrchf ioaf,amy ht h fhrmir sohfi tbhk cs tbi ohsitadhy+ _clpfy digckid& tbi prhotcoi agckdustrchf ioafamy jy h lhkughoturckmckdustry ckvafvis tbi riofhlhtcak hkd

Oilikt , 9 ll

_cfcoh Guli , 9 ll

Gfy Hsb , 8: ll

Yftrh,Gcki Gfy Hsb , 9 ll

hssaochtid vibcofi usi& hkd atbir gho,tars hooaukt gar kihrfy =) ag mfajhfhktbrapamikco mriikbausi mhs ilcs,scaks+ Atbirphrts ag tbi lhkughoturckmpraoiss suob hs apirhtckm lckckm

iqucplikt gar ixtrhotckm tbi rhw lhti,rchfs hkd trhksparthtcak ag tbi rhwlhti,rchfs ta tbi oilikt pfhkt ilct rifhtcvifyslhff hlaukts agOA:+

?+ Durhjcfcty , Lhky oakoriti struo,turis suggir gral fhoe ag durhjcfcty&wbcob bhs hk hdvirsi iggiot ak tbirisauroi praduotcvcty ag tbi ckdustry+ CkCkdch& last oakoriti cs praduoid jyoakviktcakhf litbads ckstihd ag usckmfhtist litbads hkd iqucplikt ht lastag tbi oakstruotcak sctis hkd tbisi ri,

sufts ck0, Ckhdiquhti oaktraf ak hmmrimhtis

garsczi& sbhpi hkd mrhdckm, Aptclul ]htir,oilikt rhtca kat

gaffawid, Fhjar,cktikscvi praduotcak, Tcli oaksulckm hkd ukarmhkczid

apirhtcak, ]hsthmi agoastfy ckput lhtirchfs, Dust paffutcak

Ihob ag tbisi sbartoalckm-s risuftsckta h fcgi oyofi clpfcohtcak ck saligarl hkd tbiy thei h lh`ar taff ak tbi

durhjcfcty ag oakoriti+ ^rivhfikt oar,ruptcak hkd ukitbcohf prhotcois ck tbiCkdchk oakstruotcak ckdustry hfsa oak,trcjuti clliksify ta tbcs ohusi+

JikigctsagOakoriti0Tcli taohpcthfczi

Oakoriti hfsa jrckms kulirausfhstckm jikigcts tbht lhky jifcivi ghrautwicmb tbi grakt,ikd ikirmy praj,fils hssaochtid wctb ct+ Tbcs cs jiohusifaohffy hvhcfhjfi lhtirchfs gar praduo,tcak lihk fiss trhksparthtcak hkd paf,futcak& hkd ct hfsa aggirs bcmb tbirlhflhss& oaktrcjutckm ta ikirmy iggcocikoyhkd oalgart+ Last oakoriti struoturistadhy hri discmkid gar h 8>>,yihr fcgisphk wbcob ckorihsis tbi pircad jit,

wiik rioakstruotcak& riphcr hkd lhck,tikhkoi+ Hfsa& tbi lhtirchf-s fcmbt oafar ohk

pravcdi rigfiotcvcty tbht riduois hcr oak,dctcakckm fahds hkd bifps riduoi tbiurjhk bihtcsfhkd iggiot+Lariavir& wbikh oakoriti struoturi cs dilafcsbid&luob ag tbi lhtirchf ohk ji rioyofid+Gurtbirlari& h scmkcgcohkt partcak agtbi OA: praduoid durckm lhkughotur,ckm ag oilikt cs rihjsarjid ckta oak,oriti durckm tbi praduot fcgi oyofitbraumb h praoiss ohffid ohrjakhtcak+Aki risihrob study istclhtis tbht jit,

Lhky lckirhf hdlcxturis ohk ji usid ta phrtchffy ripfhoi oilikt ck oakoriti

Oakoriti0 FOH

7/27/2019 Article on 'Life Cycle of Indian Concrete Industry' by Chaitanya Raj Goyal

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7/27/2019 Article on 'Life Cycle of Indian Concrete Industry' by Chaitanya Raj Goyal

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9: Tbi Lhstirjucfdir , @ufy :>8? www+lhstirjucfdir+oa+ck

ri,usi ag cts awk whsti praduots hkd&ta tbi ixtikt passcjfi& tbi whsti prad,uots ag atbir ckdustrcis& wbcob hriukhjfita rioyofi tbil ck tbicr awk lhkugho,turckm praoiss+

Zipartidfy& avir h jcffcak tak ag oak,struotcak hkd dilafctcak whsti cs mik,irhtid iviry yihr+ Oast,iggiotcvi tiob,kafamcis hri hvhcfhjfi ta rioyofi lastag tbi whsti hs h phrtchf ripfhoiliktgar tbi oahrsi hmmrimhti ck grisb oak,oritilcxturis+_clcfhrfy& ckdustrchfwhstiwhtirs hkd kak,pathjfi whtirs ohksujstctuti gar lukcocphf whtir gar lcx,ckm oakoriti ukfiss pravik bhrlguf jytistckm+ Jfikdid ^artfhkd oilikts oak,thckckm gfy hsb gral oahf,gcrid pawir

pfhkts& scfcoh gulis& hkd mraukd,mrh,kufhtid sfhm gral tbi jfhst,gurkhoi crakckdustry pravcdi ixoiffikt ixhlpfis agckdustrchf ioafamy jiohusi tbiy aggir hbafcstco safutcak gar riduockm tbi ikvc,raklikthf clphot agsivirhf ckdustrcis+

Tbi oakstruotcak ckdustry hfrihdyusis oakoriti lcxturis oakthckckmoilikt ripfhoilikt lhtirchfs& suobhs 89) ta ?>) gfy hsb ar ?>) ta 4>)sfhm jy lhss+ ]ctb oakviktcakhf lhti,

ifhstcocty& sbrckehmi& oriip&ito+hribhrdfyspiocgcid+

Ct lust ji rihfczid tbht tadhy oak,oriti cs ka fakmir h liri lcxturi agoilikt& hmmrimhtis hkd whtir+ Kaw,h,

dhys& oakoriti praduoid gral rihdy,lcxid oakoriti ghocfcty ckoarparhtislari tbhk aki vhrcity ag lckirhf hkdobilcohf hdlcxturis hkd wctb tbicr usitbi discmkckm ag oakoriti lcxis bhsjioali lari oalpfix+ Tbcs cs jiohusitbi usi ag dcggirikt hdlcxturis hggiotslast ag tbi prapirtcis ag oakoriti ck ctsgrisb hkd bhrdikid sthtis& suob hswarehjcfcty hkd warehjcfcty ritiktcak&oalphtcjcfcty jitwiik oilikt hkdsupirpfhstcoczir& oalprisscvi strikmtb

divifaplikt& fhtir hmi strikmtbs& sit,tckm tcli& riscsthkoi ta ckmriss aghmmrisscvi obilcohfs& ito+

Tbirigari& ct cs dcggcouft ta wrcti pri,sorcptcvi spiocgcohtcaks tbht ikoal,phss tbisi divifaplikts+ Gurtbir& ckrioikt yihrs& ct bhs jiik ajsirvid tbhtlhky struoturis oakstruotid strcotfygaffawckm prisorcptcvi spiocgcohtcaksbhvi kioisshrcfy kat pirgarlid wiff&ispiochffy wctb rimhrds ta tbicr durhjcf,

rchfs hkd tiobkafamy5 ct cs kaw passcjfita praduoi bcmb,pirgarlhkoi oakoritilcxturis oakthckckm 9>) ta 7>) gfy hsbjy lhss ag tbi jfikdid oiliktctcauslhtirchf+

Hfsa& tbi oilikt ckdustry ohk ri,duoi cts awk whsti jy rioyofckm laritbhk =9 piroikt ag oilikt ecfk dust"OED# dcriotfyjhoe ckta tbi oilikt ecfkhs rhw lhtirchf+ Jy dackm sa& lhkugho,turirs ohk oaksirvi ikirmyhkd riduoitbi usi ag fclistaki hkd atbir vcrmckrhwlhtirchfs+

^:^ Ckctchtcvi "^risorcptcvi ta ^ir,garlhkoi _piocgcohtcaks gar Oakoriti#, hftbaumb tbi usi ag ladirk pfhkt hkdiqucplikt ck tbi praduotcak& difcviry

hkd pfhoilikt ag oakoriti bhs ck,orihsid ck Ckdch& tbcs bhs kat lhtobidclpravilikt ck tbi oakoriti spiocgcoh,tcaks+ Ak h lh`arcty ag tbi oakstruotcak`ajs& oakoriti cs stcff spiocgcid jy cts :2,dhy oalprisscvi strikmtb hkd sfulpht paur faohtcak+ H liktcak cs hfsa lhdirimhrdckm tbi usi ag pulpar atbirwcsidurckm pfhoilikt+ Atbir liobhkcohfprapirtcis ag oakoriti& khlify& gfixurhfstrikmtb& tikscfi strikmtb& ladufus ag

ZLO ohk difcvir bcmb quhfcty& durhjfi hkd mriik oakoriti

Oakoriti0 FOH

7/27/2019 Article on 'Life Cycle of Indian Concrete Industry' by Chaitanya Raj Goyal

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7/27/2019 Article on 'Life Cycle of Indian Concrete Industry' by Chaitanya Raj Goyal

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cty+ Tbiri cs tbus hk urmikt kiid ta gar hobhkmi ck spiocgcohtcaks gral prisorcp,tcvi ta pirgarlhkoi+

^irgarlhkoi spiocgcohtcaks pra,vcdi oakoriti praduoirs lari gfixcjcf,

cty ta aptclczi oakoriti lcxturis gar ck,tikdid pirgarlhkoi hkd tbus riduoitbi ikvcraklikthf clphot& ckofudckmOA: ilcsscaks+ Trhdctcakhffy& oakstruo,tcak spiocgcohtcaks gar oakoriti bhviriqucrid ukkioisshrcfy bcmb quhktctcisag ^artfhkd oilikt hfakm wctb atbir fcl,cts ak tbi usi ag suppfilikthry oi,liktctcaus lhtirchfs+ Tbisi fclcts hrickoarparhtid ck tbi ckdustry-s sthk,dhrds hkd spiocgcohtcaks+ Tbi :^ Ckc,tchtcvi prapasis ta ifclckhti lhky ag

tbisi fclcts hkd ivafvi ta pirgarlhkoi,jhsid sthkdhrds+Hdaptckm Zihdy Lcx Oakoriti , ct

waufdk-t ji wrakm ta shy tbht quhfctyhkd durhjcfcty hfwhys thei tbi jhoesiht ck Ckdchk oakstruotcak ckdustryhfakm wctb ioa grcikdfy hkd itbcohf prho,tcois+ Tbcs cs sujsthktchtid jy tbi ghottbht ck Ckdch& tbi ohptcvi oaksulptcakag oilikt tbraumb ZLO cs `ust bavir,ckm hraukd =,2) ag tbi tathf oilikt

praduoid+ Tbi ohphocty utcfczhtcaks hrick tbi rhkmi ag `ust ?>,49)& ckdcohtckmsiviri ukdirutcfczhtcak5 tbi apirhtckmlhrmcks hri ck tbi rhkmi ag 4,7) hkdtbi ZAOI gar last oilikt oalphkcis

ck ZLO jusckiss cs kimhtcvi+ Hff tbcs cs prajhjfy jiohusi tbi oast

ag ZLO cs :>) bcmbir tbhk tbht pra,duoid ht scti jy lcxckm lhobckis hkd8:) bcmbir tbhk tbht praduoid ht sctijy fhrmi Jhtobckm fhkts+ Jut wbhtlhky ghcf ta ukdirsthkd cs tbht wctb ZLOaki ohk hobcivi hflast 89+9) shvckmsck oakstruotcak oasts ck tirls ag ghotarssuob hs quhfcty ' whsthmi,hvacdhkoihkd tbi ofhclid sirvcoi fcgi ag 8>>yihrs ohk hotuhffy ji isthjfcsbid+

Gurtbirlari&ivik tbaumb tbiri cs hsiphrhti oadi ak rihdy,lcxid oak,oriti "C_ 43:70:>>?#& ct cs ukgartukhtitbht oamkczhkoi ag tbcs oadi cs kat theikck lhky oaktrhots+ Ivik wbik usckmZLO& ak lhky aoohscaks& rigirikoi cslhdi ta akfy C_ 497& tbi JC_ spiocgcoh,tcakak pfhckhkd rickgaroid oakoriti+

Tbi quhfcty oaktraf praoiss ck C_43:70:>>? bhs jiik dcvcdid ckta tbriioalpakikts& garwhrd Oaktraf& Cl,

lidchti Oaktraf hkd ZitraspiotcviOaktraf- hkd tbirigari& priphris CkdchkZLO lhkughoturirs gar praduockm hkdsuppfyckm jist quhfcty mriik hkd durh,jfi oakoriti usckm h vhrcity ag lckirhf

hkd obilcohf hdlcxturis+Oakofuscak

Lhtirchf socikoi bhs h fat ag patik,tchf ta rivafutcakczi tbi tiobkafamcohfsoikhrca ck vhrcaus whfes ag fcgi tawhrdsoast,iggiotcvikiss hkd quhfcty clpra,vilikt+ Tadhy Oakoriti tiobkafamy csrivafutcakczid mfajhffy& jut Ckdch bhs tayit ta ohtob up wctb tbi hdvhkoilikts+Tbi eiy cs ck tbi bhkds ag pragisscakhfshkd jucfdirs hkd aki kiid ta usi tbi

eiy ta rihob hkd hvhcf tbi trihsuri agdurhjcfcty+Ta hobcivi tbi aj`iotcvi ag ckoarpa,

rhtckm susthckhjcfcty wcff ji h biroufihkthse+ Ta sthrt wctb& rihsakhjfy hoourhtidhth cs riqucrid& wbcob cs waiguffy fhoe,ckm hkd rifchjfi ckgarlhtcak ak rudc,likthrydhth fcei tbi tathf oakoriti pra,duotcak cs dcggcouft ta ajthck+ Tbi oiliktckdustry hfsa kiids ta pfhy h orctcohf rafick bifpckm htthck tbi discrid thrmits+

Ckdchk oilikt lhkughoturirs kiidta clpravi tbi ikirmy iggcocikoy ag tbiiktcri lhkughoturckm praoiss jyupmrhdckm pfhkts wctb sthti,ag,tbi,hrtiqucplikt hkd sbaufd clpravi prad,uot garlufhtcak ta riduoi ikirmy ag pra,duotcak hkd lckclczi tbi usi ag khturhfrisaurois+ Hfsa& lari risihrob kiidsta ji oakduotid ak oilikt hkd oak,oriti tawhrds clpravckm tbicr ikirmyiggcocikoy hkd durhjcfcty+

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