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Art HistoryReviewRenaissance
By Danielle Hernandez
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Preparing to Study Art History
In order to assess various works of art inboth areas of content and form, you must
be familiar with some terminology andconcepts.
These include knowing about somedifferent mediums.
You must also be familiar with aestheticdistance and know how to talk aboutwhat makes this high or low for you in awork of art.
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Aesthetic Distance
Dont be fooled! High is low and low
is high!Aesthetic distance refers to how
you connect with a work of art.
Does it jump out at you? Strike you
as interesting? Or is it just plainboring!?
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Aesthetic Distance
High Aesthetic Distance*Think of high distance in numerical terms. The higher youre distance is, the further youare from something!*
*le yawn*
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Aesthetic Distance
Low Aesthetic Distance
*le fangasm*
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Mediums (Materials) Ambermade from tree sap thats hardened.
Bedrockgood foundation for architecture
Bronzea metal alloy, malleable, easy to work with
Dressed stonecut stone Frescopainting pigment on wet or dry (fresco
secco) plaster. If paint is applied when wet, it lastsa long time
Papyruspaper made from reeds
Resinsticky plant substance similar to amber Slatedifficult to work with since its sedimentary
and layers can easily crack off
Othersbasalt, diorite, sandstone, limestone,granite
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Techniques Celaturemaking things 3D by adding TO it (like taking a
stone base and layering clay over it)
Glypticmaking a 3D image by taking AWAY from it (like
chiseling away at stone)
Chiaroscurousing shadows/shading to make something2D look 3D (ie. Cartoon compared to realism)
Flat colorcolor without shading (non-photorealisticcutouts)
Encausticpainting in wax; very difficult but lastsextremely well
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Techniques Foreshorteninggiving something a different angle
or perspective to make it more interesting (ie. Uncle
Sam wants you poster)
Optical illusionsomething that appears as itmeasurably is not
Parataxis/paratacticcombining more than one
perspective in one subject; more realistic than
photorealism; more information
Isomorphismsimilarity or form, shape, or structure
3 dimensionalsculpture or carving or anything offa
plane
2 dimensionalflat painting/drawing on a plane
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Forms Bas relieflow relief (projecting as opposed to
engraving)
Clerestoryarchitecture; high in the middle, low on
the sides; results in interesting lighting Closed compositionattached to stone, wall, etc.
Open compositionsculpture is totally free fromoriginal medium (compare to in-the-round)
Sculpture in-the-rounda free standing sculpture
Freestandingmore free than in-the-round; has nostrut (stand/support holding it up)
Corbelstones set as support (architecture)
Hypostyle halla hall with a roof supported by rowsof columns
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Forms In reservewhat is left behind after carving around a
structure
Orthogonalof or pertaining to right angles
Petroglyphcarving or painting in rock Pictographany picture
Post and lintel2 columns with a stone on top (thinkStonehenge)
Registerground line
Stasisno motion shown in work; freeze frame (ieVictorian photograph)
Split imageimage seen from 2 views
Tectiformrectangular (or not) or just lines found;may be artist signature or instructions, etc.
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Arena ChapelWHO: Giotto
WHAT: Fresco murals(compartmentalized)
WHERE: Padua, Italy
WHEN: c. 1305 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: ---
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Arena Chapel Frescoes
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Madonna
EnthronedWHO: Giotto
WHAT: Tempera on Wood
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: c. 1310 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: 7 x 11
Me:
52
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Kiss of JudasWHO: Giotto
WHAT: Fresco
WHERE: Padua
WHEN: c. 1305 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: Part of acompartmentalised mural
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LamentationWHO: Giotto
WHAT: Fresco
WHERE: Padua
WHEN: c. 1305 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: Part of acompartmentalised mural
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Pazzi ChapelWHO: Brunelleschi
WHAT: Stone, centrally plannedcathedral
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: c. 1420 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: more down to earth than
Gothic cathedrals- does not
soar upwards
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Hospital of the
Innocents
OrphanageWHO: Brunelleschi
WHAT: loggia with roundedarches
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: c. 1420 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE:about 350 tall
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Sacrifice of IsaacWHO: Brunelleschi
WHAT: Bronze tile
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: 1401 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: 21x17
**This was the losing panel in
the competition
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Sacrifice of IsaacWHO: Ghiberti
WHAT: Bronze tile
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: 1401 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: 21x17
**This was the winning panel in
the competition
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Self Portrait from
the Gates of
ParadiseWHO: Ghiberti
WHAT: Gilt Bronze
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: c. 1425 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: 6diameter
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Triumph of DeathWHO: Traini
WHAT: Fresco
WHERE: Pisa
WHEN: c. 1350 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: 24
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Vitruvian ManWHO: Many artists have
portrayed it, but this one is by
Leonardo da Vinci
WHAT: Pen and ink on paper
WHERE: Italy (Milan?) NOWIN VENICE
WHEN: c. 1490 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: 13.5x10
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The Last SupperWHO: da Vinci
WHAT: Fresco
WHERE: Milan
WHEN: c. 1495 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE:15 x 28
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Mona LisaWHO: da Vinci
WHAT: Oil on wood
WHERE: Italy
WHEN: c. 1503 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE:30 x 21
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The TrinityWHO: Masaccio
WHAT: Fresco
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: c. 1430 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: about 21x9
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Tribute MoneyWHO: Masaccio
WHAT: Fresco
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: c. 1430 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: about 8x20
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FlagellationWHO: della Francesca
WHAT: Tempera on panel
WHERE: Urbino
WHEN: c. 1460 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE: 23 x 32
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Madonna and
Child with SaintsWHO: della Francesca
WHAT: Oil on Panel
WHERE: Urbino
WHEN: c. 1472 (Early Renaissance)
SIZE:8 x 6
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Battle of San
RomanWHO: Uccello
WHAT: Tempera on Panel
WHERE: Florence
WHEN:c. 1440s-50s (HighRenaissance)
SIZE: 6 x 106
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Birth of VenusWHO: Botticelli
WHAT: Tempera on Canvas
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: c. 1480 (HighRenaissance)
SIZE: 6 x 9
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PrimaveraWHO: Botticelli
WHAT: Tempera on Panel
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: c. 1482 (High Renaissance)
SIZE: 7 x 10
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Saint MarkWHO: Donatello
WHAT: Marble (in aedicule)
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: c.1411-1415 (HighRenaissance)
SIZE: ---
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DavidWHO: Donatello
WHAT: Bronze
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: c. 1430-40 (HighRenaissance)
SIZE: 5 2
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GattamelataWHO: Donatello
WHAT: Bronze
WHERE: Padua
WHEN: c. 1450 (High Renaissance)
SIZE: 11 x 13
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Mary MagdaleneWHO: Donatello
WHAT: Painted wood
WHERE: Florence
WHEN: c. 1455 (High Renaissance)
SIZE: 62
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Scenes from the
Very Rich HoursWHO: Limbourg Brothers
WHAT: Illumination
WHERE: France
WHEN: c. 1413-1416 (EarlyRenaissance)
SIZE: 9 x 5
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Scenes from the
Very Rich HoursWHO: Limbourg Brothers
WHAT: Illumination
WHERE: France
WHEN: c. 1413-1416 (EarlyRenaissance)
SIZE: 9 x 5