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1. Cycladic Minoan Mycenean
2. Height of the Bronze Age, 3 successive Civilizations arose,
named after their islands they lived on, they were: Cycladic
Minoans Mycenaean Their discovery is attributed on the following
archeologist: Heinrich Schliemann (Germany) dug through the ancient
ruins of Troy and Mycenae discovering its rich culture Sir Arthur
Evans (England) excavated Minoan palaces in Crete in the 1900s.
Note: contemporary archeologist claim these men created more harm
in their discovery and conjectural restorations.
3. CIVILIZATION TIME PERIOD LOCATION Cycladic 3000 1600 BCE
Cycladic Islands in Aegean Sea Minoan 1900 1375 BCE Crete Mycenaean
1400 1100 BCE Greece
4. Used buon fresco (true fresco) as opposed to the fresco
secco (dry fresco) of the Egyptians. Buon fresco required quick
brushwork and spontaneous executions achieving more fluidity in
their work. > Fresco is a painting technique that involves
applying water-based paint onto freshly plastered wall. The paint
forms a bond with the plaster that is durable and long
lasting.
5. Minoans and Mycenaeans adept in carving in repouss French
word meaning to push back ; a type of metal relief sculpture in
which the back side of the place is hammered to form a raised
relief in front. In Aegean Art, repouss technique was used in
fitting sheet of thin metal, gold and bronze onto a mold; the mold
is then incised with small hammers from the backside of the plate
and a design is beaten inside of the object, leaving a raised
surface on the exterior.
6. Used Cyclopean Masonry a type of construction that uses
rough, massive blocks of stone piled on atop the other without
mortar. Named after the mythical humanoid Cyclops. Mycenaeans in
creating Corbelled Arch a vault formed by layers of stone that
gradually grow closer together as they rise until they eventually
meet; the arch formed is an inverted V- shaped roof.
7. The Cyclades are a chain of Greek Islands in the middle of
the Aegean Sea. They encircle the island of Delos. Cycladic marble
figurines of abstract male and female forms have been found at
burial sites.These figurines are small, abstract, and rely on
geometric shapes and flat plans for their design and would have
been painted. . . Map of the Cyclades Islands Aegean Civilizations
> The Aegean Bronze Age
8. Cycladic Female Figure A Cycladic female
figure.Marble.Cyclades, Greece.Ca.2500 BCE Aegean Civilizations The
female figurines depict a woman with her legs together and arms
folded over her abdomen. Breasts and the pubic region are
emphasized
9. Cycladic Male Figure A Cycladic male figure with the
harp.Marble.Santorini, Greece.ca.2500 BCE. Aegean Civilizations The
male figures are often depicted sitting in a chair and playing
either a harp or a lyre
10. The Propalatial Period The Neopalatial Period Architecture
Painting Sculpture
11. What contribution has the Minoan has done in Art? What
iconic figure is associated with this culture? How did the art
culture reacted to the catastrophe that befallen them?
12. The Minoan civilization was named after the mythical King
Minos, because the first excavator, Sir Arthur Evans, mistook the
many rooms and corridors of the administrative "palace" of Knossos
to be the labyrinth in which Minos kept the Minotaur. The
Protopalatial Period, 1900-1700 BCE, saw the establishment of
administrative centers on the island of Crete.It was during this
time that the identifying features of Minoan civilization,
extensive sea trade and the building of communal civic centers, are
first seen on the island. The Protopalatial Period ended in 1700
BCE when the palaces of the island were destroyed and life on the
island was significantly disrupted.The unknown cataclysmic event is
believed to be either an earthquake or an invasion. Aegean
Civilizations > The Minoans
13. During the height of Minoan civilization, the Minoans were
the greatest sea traders on the Mediterranean and facilitated
cultural exchanges between Egypt, Greece, Anatolian, and Near
Eastern cultures. Very little is known about Minoan culture and
society, although evidence from their material culture suggests a
close affinity with nature, marine-life, and especially the bull.
Minoan civilization began to fall around 1450, perhaps following an
earthquake or volcanic eruption.The island of Crete was occupied by
the Mycenaeans before the eventual collapse of Minoan civilization.
Flying Fish Aegean Civilizations > The Minoans
14. The palaces excavated on Crete functioned more as
administrative centers with rooms for civic functions, storage,
workshops, shrines around a central, ceremonial courtyard. The
palaces had no fortification wall, suggesting a lack of enemies and
conflict, although the natural surroundings provided a high level
of protection, and the multitude of rooms created a continuous,
protective faade. Minoan columns are uniquely shaped, constructed
from wood, and were painted.They are tapered at the bottom, larger
at the top and fitted with a bulbous, pillow-like capital. Plan of
the Palace at Knossos c1700 1400 BCE, Crete Aegean Civilizations
> The Minoans
15. The bull-leaping fresco found in the palace of Knossos is
one of the seminal Minoan paintings.It depicts the Minoan culture's
fascination with the bull and the unique event of bull leaping all
painted in the distinctive Minoan style. The Minoan city of
Akrotiri on the island of Thera was destroyed by a volcanic
eruption, which preserved the wall paintings in the town's homes.
Kamares-ware is pottery made from a fine clay.These vessels are
painted with marine scenes and abstract flowers, shapes, and
geometric lines. Marine-style vase painting depicts marine life and
scenes with organic shapes that fill the entire surface of the pot,
using a technique known as horror vacui.Unlike Kamares-ware,
Marine-style scenes are painted in dark colors on a light surface.
Toreador (Bull Leaping) Fresco C1400 BCE Aegean Civilizations >
The Minoans
16. Spring Fresco c 1650 BCE One of the earliest landscapes in
existence Joyful patterns of undulating lines and fanciful plant
forms dominate the composition Cheerful application of color in
biomorphic bands Geometrically simplified swallows fly through the
air
17. Snake Goddess C1660 BCE, gold and ivory Image of a goddess?
Or priestess? Minoan thin waists, exposed breast Flounced skit in
layers, apron layered over top Wide-eyed expression Cat image on
head dress Holds snake in each hand
18. Architecture Metallurgy Ceramics
19. Mycenaean architecture reflects their warring society.A
wide, strong wall built from large roughly cut stones (known as
cyclopean masonry) was one method of protection, as was limited
access to citadel sites and well protected gates. Since a lintel
over a doorway could not support the wall above it without
collapsing, the Mycenaeans used corbelled vaults and a relieving
triangle over lintels to redistribute the weight off the horizontal
beam and into the supporting walls. The central feature of a
Mycenaean citadel site was the megaron, a room that functioned as
the king's audience chamber.The megaron is entered through a porch
with two columns and the main room included four columns around a
central hearth. The city of Mycenae was the center of Mycenaean
culture.It is especially known for its protective gateway, the Lion
Gate, and the Treasury of Atreus, an example of a tholos tomb. The
city of Tiryns is known for its thick fortification walls and
single access gateways which could be closed at will to entrap
enemies.Its megaron is entered from a colonnaded courtyard. Lion
Gate.Limestone. c.1300-1250 BCE. Mycenae, Greece. Aegean
Civilizations > The Mycenaeans
20. Grave Circle A and B, at Mycenae, are a series of shaft
graves enclosed by wall from the 16th century BCE.These grave sites
were originally excavated by Heinrich Schleimann in 1876, and the
grave goods found there demonstrate the incredible skill Mycenaeans
possessed in metalwork. Gold death masks were commonly found placed
over the face of the wealthy deceased.These death masks record the
main features of the dead and are made with repouss, a metalworking
technique.When compared to other masks, the Death Mask of Agamemnon
is most likely a fake. Mycenaean Death Mask Aegean Civilizations
> The Mycenaeans Mycenaean Hunting Dagger
21. Mycenaean Hunting Dagger Mycenaean hunting dagger with
scene of a lion hunt.Bronze with gold, silver, and niello
inlay.Ca.16th century BCE.Grave Circle A, Mycenae, Greece. Aegean
Civilizations Bronze daggers inlaid with gold, silver, and neillo
are also a common grave good found at Mycenaean burial sites.These
daggers represent international trade and cultural connections
between the Mycenaeans and the Minoans, Egyptians, and Near Eastern
cultures. Other objects of gold, silver, and bronze have been
excavated from Mycenaean grave sites and cities, including armor,
jewelry, signet rings, and seals.
22. Nestor's Cup Nestor's Cup.Gold.Ca. 1600-1500 BCE.Grave
Circle A, Grave Shaft IV, Mycenae, Greece. Aegean Civilizations
Drinking cups, or rhytons, were also crafted out of gold and
silver. Some, such as the Silver Siege Rhyton, were used for ritual
libations.
23. Mycenaean pottery can be identified by the types of clay
and painting the artists used to create and decorate their
vessels.Different pottery centers preferred different clay, slips,
and motifs.Popular themes include nature, marine life, narratives,
and abstract design. The Warriors Vase depicts a static scene of a
woman bidding farewell to armed warriors.The vase, from Mycenae, is
decorated with minimal color and a uniform design.This vase
represents the culture's dependence on warfare. Mycenaean rhytons
crafted from terracotta were usually conically shaped with added
details and paint to represent different animals, such as a boar or
a bull. Small scale Mycenaean figurines made from terracotta are
abstract simple figures, often of women, that are simply painted
and detailed.The figures have bodies that are either rounded or
stand with outstretched arms, their legs represented by cylindrical
bases. Warrior Vase Aegean Civilizations > The Mycenaeans