Art 9 Art of the Classical Period

Classical Period Art• Egyptian Art• Greek Art• Roman Art

Egyptian civilization was one of the early civilizations that have greatly contributed in the

development of art, religion, science, and technology of the world. Egyptian art is

primarily religious in nature.

EGYPTIAN ART

The purpose of Egyptian paintings is to

make the deceased afterlife place

pleasant.With this in mind,

themes include journey to the

underworld introducing

the deceased to the gods of the

underworld by their protective deities.

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TICE ART 1010 Ancient Near Eastern and Ancient Egyptian

TICE ART 1010 Greek and Roman Art

Greek ArtThe arts of ancient Greece have exercised an enormous influence on the culture of many countries all over the world, particularly in the areas of

sculpture and architecture. In the West, the art of the Roman Empire was largely derived from Greek models. In the East, Alexander the Great's

conquests initiated several centuries of exchange between Greek, Central Asian and Indian cultures, resulting in Greco-Buddhist art, with

ramifications as far as Japan. Following the Renaissance in Europe, the humanist aesthetic and the high technical standards of Greek art inspired generations of European artists. Well into the 19th century, the classical tradition derived from Greece dominated the art of the western world.

Greek Art

Black-figure olpe(wine vessel) by the AmasisPainter, depicting Herakles and Athena, c. 540 BC, Louvre

7th-century BC plate with sphinx from Rhodes, Louvre

The Aphrodite of Knidos was one of the most famous works of the ancient Greek sculptor Praxiteles of Athens (4th century BC). It and its copies are often referred to as the Venus Pudica ("modest Venus") type, on account of her covering her naked vulva with her right hand.

Bronze Sculpture, thought to be either Poseidon or Zeus, c. 460 BC, National Archaeological Museum, Athens. This masterpiece of classical sculpture was found by fishermen in their nets off the coast of Cape Artemisium in 1928. The figure is more than 2 m in height.

ANCIENT THEATRE AT DELPHI

Built further up the hill from the Temple of Apollo giving spectators a view of the entire sanctuary and

the valley below. It was originally built in the 4th century BC but was remodeled on several occasions

since. Its 35 rows can seat 5,000 spectators.

TEMPLE OF APOLLO

The ruins of the temple visible today date from the 4th century BC. The temple survived until AD

390, when the Christian emperor Theodosius I silenced the oracle by destroying the temple and most of the statues and works of art in the name

of Christianity.

PITSA PANELSthe only surviving panel paintings from

Archaic Greece, c. 530 BC.

Wall painting: Symposium scene in the Tomb of the Diver at Paestum, c. 480 BC

TETRADRACHM OF ATHENS

(5th century BC)Obverse: a portrait of Athena, patron

goddess of the city, in helmetReverse: the owl of Athens, with an olive sprig and the inscription "ΑΘΕ", short for

ΑΘΕΝΑΙΟΝ, "of the Athenians"

SYRACUSAN TETRADRACHM

(c. 415–405 BC)Obverse: head of the nymph Arethusa, surrounded by four swimming dolphins

and a rudderReverse: a racing quadriga, its charioteer crowned by the goddess Victory in flight.

ROMAN ART

Roman art refers to the visual arts made in Ancient Rome and in the territories of the

Roman Empire. Roman art includes architecture, painting, sculpture and mosaic work. Sculpture was perhaps considered as the highest form of art, but figure painting

was also very highly regarded.

The main innovation of Roman painting compared to Greek art was the development of landscapes, in particular incorporating techniques of perspective.

Roman still life subjects are often placed in illusionistic niches or shelves and depict a variety of everyday objects including fruit, live and dead animals, seafood, and shells

Glass bowl of fruit and vases. Roman wall painting in Pompeii (around 70 AD)

MUMMY PORTRAITS

Remarkably realistic, though variable in artistic quality, and may indicate the similar art which was widespread elsewhere but did not survive. A few portraits painted on glass

and medals from the later empire have survived, as have coin portraits, some of

which are considered very

Gold glass, or gold sandwich glass, was a technique for fixing a layer of gold leaf with a design between two fused layers of glass, developed in Hellenistic glass

and revived in the 3rd century.

Trajan's Column (Italian: Colonna Traiana) is a Roman triumphal column in Rome, Italy,

that commemorates Roman emperor Trajan's victory in the Dacian Wars.

The Arch of Constantine (c315) is a triumphal arch in Rome, situated between the Colosseum

and the Palatine Hill.

The most commonly used coin

denominations and their relative sizes

during Roman times.

Aqueduct of Segovia

Roman Theatre in Mérida