FORM AND FUNCTION; DESIGNING WITH ERGONOMICS IN MIND Presented by: Jane E Sleeth-Senior Consultant OPC Inc Hon B.P.& H.E. (Kin, Physiology), BSc.P.T. RPT
ARIDO Ergonomics & Design By OPC
Jan 21, 2015
Jane Sleeth & her firm OPC Inc have been working with interior designers & architects toward combining form and function in offic design. This PP presentation was presented to ARIDO in 2009 at the Design Exchange in Toronto.
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FORM AND FUNCTION; DESIGNING WITH ERGONOMICS IN MIND
Presented by:
Jane E Sleeth-Senior Consultant OPC IncHon B.P.& H.E. (Kin, Physiology), BSc.P.T. RPT
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Question?
When Ergonomics is not used in Design….
With lack of functional related data in design the following documented results occur:
Productivity losses – human error; slowed pace of work
Perceived stressors – psychological; mentalPhysiological and kinesiological stressors resulting in
fatigue; discomfort; MSI’s
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Ergonomics Standards & Guidelines
• Ontario Ministry of Labour has written Standards and Guidelines {Gold Standard} for ergonomics
• International Standards Organization
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The Drivers in the Application of Ergonomics in Design
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Ergonomics & Human Factors Design
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The OPC Ergo Hazard ID System™
Identify problematic jobs & tasks
Quantify demands of the job &/or task
OPC Interview Form
Implement short-term solutions – Administrative, purchases & simple engineering Compare
Hazards to Guidelines
OPC Ergo Hazard ID Checklist
Follow up & quantify results
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The Ergonomic SpectrumFrom Prevention to Return to Work
PreventionPrevention
Productivity, Quality,Injuries/Accidents, errors
Return to WorkReturn to Work
Human FactorsDesign on proactive basis
Ergonomic AssessmentsReactive
Design to accommodate
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What knowledge is required in order to incorporate function with form
Anatomy and PhysiologyBiomechanicsAnthropometrics – static and functionalJob Demands – biomechanical;
physiological; behavioural and mentalErgonomic guidelines – evidence based
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Anatomy and Physiology
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Joints – Skeletal System
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Human Spine and Design
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Discs – injury; intradiscal pressure and design to prevent injury
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Upper Extremities
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Tendons; Synovial Sheaths; Joints and Ligaments
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Vision (light; control); Hearing (noise & BP; HR and Sense of
control)
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Anthropometrics, Ergonomics and Design
• Study and measurement of physical and functional dimensions of the body
• Frequency - # of individuals in a population with the measurement of a specific physical characteristic
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Anthropometrics of the Canadian Workforce
.
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Consider the population being designed for
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Dimensions: Full Body, Side View, SeatedDimensions: Full Body, Side View, Seatedhttp://www.openerg.com/psz/data/sitpr.htmhttp://www.openerg.com/psz/data/sitpr.htm
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Selected Anthropometric Data for Standing Males & Females
Selan, J. 1994
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Selected Anthropometric Data for Standing Males & Females
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Selected Anthropometric Data for Seated Males & Females
From HumanScale 1994, Selan 1994
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Selected Anthropometric Data for Seated Males & Females
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Group Work• Design a seat which will allow a 5th
percentile female to a 95th percentile male to use
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The Work Envelope
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Work Surface Height for Varied Work Levels
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Group Work
• Design shelf height from seated posture
Case Studies – Control & Eliminate Risk to
Enhance Human Performance
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Design – Equipment, furniture
• Greater chance of human error, perceived psychological stressors
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Design – Anthropometrics; job demands;productivity requirements; technology; cost; form & function;
sustainability; Greenguard and LEED requirements
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Design – Psychological StressorsNoise; lighting; privacy; space
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Workstation height; lighting; age & capabilities of worker; anthropometrics; job demands; work habits and preferences;
equipment; storage…
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Design For disabled & Aging employees. In design consideration for; capabilities; equipment;
job demands; anthropometrics; clearances; ramps
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Accessories, Lighting, Noise & the Development of Design Standards
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Case Study√ Law firm
√Cost for development of an Internal program, training and design: $23,000.00
√Return on investment – realized within 1.0 years
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Design for current & upcoming Technology
• Handheld• Smaller Laptops• Flat Screen • Home office• Hotel, car• Communication equipment• Video conferencing• ?????????
Thank you for attending this talk. Please feel free to learn more by
accessing our website at www.optimalperformance.ca
or [email protected] with any specific questions or comments
relative to design
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