13 March 2019 | Page 1 AREA DISEASE MANAGEMENT PLAN NORTHERN SOUTH ISLAND 2018-2055 NATIONAL BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS PEST MANAGEMENT PLAN VERSION 2.0
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13 March 2019 | Page 1
AREA DISEASE MANAGEMENT PLAN NORTHERN SOUTH ISLAND 2018-2055 NATIONAL BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS PEST MANAGEMENT PLAN
VERSION 2.0
13 March 2019 | Page 2
CONTENTS
1 VERSION CONTROL ...................................................................................................................................................... 3
2 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................ 4
3 TBFREEDOM IN LIVESTOCK ........................................................................................................................................... 5
4 TBFREEDOM IN POSSUMS ............................................................................................................................................ 6
5 PLANNED TB FREEDOM TIMEFRAMES .......................................................................................................................... 9
6 SURVEILLANCE OF TBFREE AREAS ............................................................................................................................... 15
7 RISKS AND ISSUES ...................................................................................................................................................... 15
8 REVIEWING AND REPORTING ..................................................................................................................................... 16
APPENDIX 1 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 17
13 March 2019 | Page 3
1 VERSION CONTROL
Version Date Details Author
1.0 30/11/2016 2017/2018 NSI ADMP Mark Lynch
2.0 25/01/2019 2018/2019 NSI ADMP Ben Ainsworth
13 March 2019 | Page 4
2 INTRODUCTION
Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is a disease of farmed cattle and deer in New Zealand which, if left to spread would lead to
production losses and animal health issues. This disease can also affect humans. Managing TB supports New Zealand’s
pastoral industries to increase productivity and access foreign markets – key elements of Government and industry
strategies. A healthy farming sector is a vital component of New Zealand’s economic wellbeing.
This document is the Area Disease Management Plan (ADMP) for the Northern South Island. The document provides details
on how the objectives that have been instructed as part of the National Operational Plan (NOP) will be met, and detailed
measurements that will be reported on to confirm TB freedom from livestock in New Zealand by 2026.
Area Disease Management Plans (ADMPs) are key components of the National Pest Management Plan (NPMP) and the
National Operational Plan (NOP) and provide the operational planning framework for disease and pest management
activities to be implemented at a regional level.
The 2015 NPMP review found that TB can be eradicated from both farmed cattle and deer herds and from wildlife species
(principally possums) that act as a reservoir and vector of the disease. The review determined that eradication of TB from
New Zealand should be the overall long-term objective of the National Pest Management Plan (NPMP).
The diagram below details the Statutory and Operational Hierarchy of the National Pest Management Plan, and highlights
that the ADMP is part of the Non- Regulatory Framework of Operational Planning.
Figure 1: The Statutory and Operational hierarchy of the National Pest Management Plan.
13 March 2019 | Page 5
3 TBFREEDOM IN LIVESTOCK
OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS
TB freedom in livestock by 2026
The first National Pest Management Plan (NPMP) primary objective milestone is to achieve TB freedom in domestic livestock
populations by 2026. While the term TB freedom is defined under clause 5(1A) of the Biosecurity (National Bovine
Tuberculosis Pest Management) Plan Order 1998, a proxy measure of the number of infected status herds will be used to
assess progress toward this milestone.
The objectives for the infected herd reduction for the Northern South Island are shown in Table 1.
Number of infected
herds 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Northern South Island 19 17 16 16 11 9 6 6 3 2 0
Table 1: Planned reduction of infected herds for the period 2016-2026, calculated at the commencement of the plan year.
The reduction in infected herd numbers over time will be driven by the sustainable clearance of TB from currently infected
herds and the minimisation of new TB breakdowns through movement restrictions (at animal, herd and area levels) and
effective vector control within the TB VRAs. This will be achieved by implementing the policies, procedures and operational
tactics contained in the NOP, Infected Herd Case Management Standard Operating Procedure and the Pest Management
Design Guidelines.
DISEASE MANAGEMENT AND SURVEILLANCE
The principal tools for disease surveillance in livestock are the routine TB testing of cattle and deer for TB infection, and the
routine surveillance of cattle and deer carcasses through slaughter premises for suspect TB granulomas.
Routine testing of livestock is carried out via the application of approved diagnostic tests that detect the presence of TB.
Schedules for routine testing are based on herd location and risk of wildlife infection.
A more applied risk-based livestock testing programme, adding residual infection risk (herd and/or animal level) and
movement risk (both utilising NAIT data) will be incorporated into the surveillance programme. This will extend the herd risk
assessment beyond the current area-based wildlife TB risk.
Refinements will also be made to better capture the results of suspect TB granuloma surveillance of cattle and deer
carcasses through slaughter premises and utilising NAIT data.
The current TB surveillance programme for livestock with the Northern South Island can be found at: www.ospri.co.nz/our-
programmes/tbfree/about-the-tbfree-programme/disease-control-areas/where-the-mca-areas-are/
13 March 2019 | Page 6
4 TBFREEDOM IN POSSUMS
OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS
TB freedom in Possums by 2040
The second primary objective milestone is to achieve TB freedom in possums by 2040. While the term TB freedom is
defined under clause 5(1A) of the (National Bovine Tuberculosis Pest Management) Plan Order 1998, a proxy measure of the
number of Vector Risk Area (VRA) hectares will be used for the second milestone.
The objectives for VRA hectares reduction for the Northern South Island are shown in Table 2.
Total VRA (M hectares) 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032 2034 2036
Northern South Island 3.13 3.13 2.70 1.74 1.07 0.65 0.11 0.11 0.06 0 0
Table 2: Expected VRA reduction over the plan period 2016-2036.
The reduction in VRA hectares over time will be driven by the sustainable clearance of TB from possum populations in Vector
Control Areas (VCZs), TB Management Areas (TMAs) and ultimately VRAs. This will be achieved by implementing the policies,
procedures and operational tactics contained in the NOP, the Pest Management Design Guidelines, and the operational
toolboxes for both vector control and surveillance.
PEST MANAGEMENT AND SURVEILLANCE
Possum TB freedom is determined at VCZ level through the results of control and surveillance activity combined to achieve a
predetermined probability level that possums are TB free, objectively assessed through the Proof of Freedom (POF) utility,
or similar methodology for deriving the probability. When each VCZ within a TMA has achieved the predetermined
probability of freedom, the possum population within the TMA will be deemed to have achieved TB freedom; when the
possum population of all the TMAs that together comprise the VRA have achieved the predetermined probability of TB
freedom, the possum population within the VRA as a whole will be deemed to have achieved TB freedom.
Vector Risk Areas
Vector Risk Areas (VRA) are defined geographical areas where bovine tuberculosis is being maintained in the wildlife
population as indicated by either epidemiological information from infected cattle and deer herds, or the finding of
tuberculosis in wildlife animals that are classed as bovine tuberculosis maintenance hosts.
There are 3 VRAs within the Northern South Island which make-up the area that will be targeted for possum TB freedom as
part of this Area Disease Management Plan. These are:
• North Canterbury/Marlborough VRA (1,266,858ha)
• West Coast/Tasman VRA (1,812,616ha)
• Rolleston Range (55,648ha)
TB Management Areas
The pest management plan for the Northern South Island is delivered through the TB Management area (TMA) model. There are 36 TB Management Area (TMAs) within the NSI VRAs.
TMAs are determined based on disease patterns, geographical features, control history and future control needs. Each TMA
has an operational plan and objectives for TB freedom in livestock (if applicable) and possum TB freedom.
The TMA structure enables possum control and disease surveillance to be contracted in an efficient manner utilising scales
of economy, while still maintaining areas at a manageable size in relation to the disease i.e. similar methods of control and
surveillance can be used in an area.
13 March 2019 | Page 7
Details of operational activities to be carried out within the individual TMAs are documented within the TMA Operational
Notices. These can be found on the OSPRI website: www.ospri.co.nz/our-programmes/tbfree/about-the-tbfree-
programme/wildlife-and-pest-management/tb-management-areas/
Vector Control Zones (VCZ)
TMAs are made up of one or more VCZs.
VCZs are defined geographical areas in which activities are undertaken to control or survey the population of wild animals
for the purposes of managing bovine tuberculosis. Each VCZ has a milestone date when possum TB freedom is declared.
This date will be determined when a predetermined probability-of-freedom (POF) from TB in possums is reached for that
VCZ.
When the last VCZ within a TMA achieves possum TB freedom, the TMA will have achieved TB freedom.
13 March 2019 | Page 8
Map 1: Northern South Island Vector Risk Area/TB Management Area and planned timeframes for possum TB freedom 2019-2040
13 March 2019 | Page 9
5 PLANNED TB FREEDOM TIMEFRAMES
NORTH CANTERBURY/MARLBOROUGH VRA (TOTAL VRA HECTARES = 1,266,858; VRA TB FREEDOM
YEAR = 2033)
The North Canterbury/Marlborough Region is situated on the east coast of the South Island. The boundaries of the region
include the Ure River in the north, the lower altitudes of the Main Divide and the Hurunui River to the south. The southern
extension is the coastal strip between the Waipara and the Hurunui Rivers including Blythe Valley. The entire area is prone
to drought but there are local variations and microclimates along the foothills where rainfall is slightly higher than the plains
or coastal areas. Habitat types range from flat, irrigated, intensively farm land with few tree lines to rolling hills and
mountainous areas with increasingly extensive bush areas. The Marlborough component of the area tends to be dry
unirrigated grasslands with bush restricted to gullies and discrete zones. The high country is also generally dry, tussock and
native grasslands that is extensively farmed or locked up for conservation purposes. Most of the lower altitude areas are
rabbit prone which supports moderate ferret populations, feral pigs are well distributed within the boundaries and the
TMA Name TMA Total Hectares
VCZ Name VCZ Hectares
VRA
VCZ TB Freedom
Year
TMA TB Freedom
Year
Avon 46,267 Avon 14,735 2019 2019
Avon West 4,098 2019
Ferny Gair 7,382 2019
Hillersden 12,681 2019
Omaka 7,321 2019
Awatere Catchment 90,396 Awatere Extension 11,437 2019 2021
Castle-Hodder 26,011 2019
Grey-Medway 38,211 2021
Ure-Medway West 14,737 2020
Clarence Catchment 58,291 Clarence (Molesworth) 12,487 2033 2033
Hanmer Extension 7,349 2026
Hossack 16,721 2026
Molesworth Canterbury 21,734 2033
Clarence Reserve 129,656 Clarence - Mid 6,557 2023 2026
Clarence East 10,356 2022
Clarence Reserve 13,113 2026
Clarence 51,360 2026
Clarence West 15,497 2025
Constitution Hill Aerial 10,282 2025
Kekerengu 15,857 2022
Upper Clarence 4,634 2025
Conway Waiau 137,834 Amuri Rangi 19,526 2021 2021
Conway North 16,380 2021
Dog Creek 13,771 2021
Hanmer Basin 15,075 2021
Inland Road 14,792 2021
Inland Road West 17,503 2021
Leader Valley 16,937 2020
Parnassus 13.325 2020
Stanton 10,525 2020
13 March 2019 | Page 10
TMA Name TMA Total Hectares
VCZ Name VCZ Hectares
VRA
VCZ TB Freedom
Year
TMA TB Freedom Year
Glencoe 44,276 Glencoe 26,179 2022 2022
Organ Range 7,937 2022
Waitohi Buffer 10,160 2022
Hurunui Waipara 45,444 Blythe Valley 12,899 2021 2021
Motanau 18,760 2020
Mount Cass 13,785 2020
Kaikoura 104,378 Big Hau 3,409 2025 2025
Hapuku Buffer 19,692 2025
Kowhai Swyncombe 41,092 2025
Mount Alexander 22,798 2025
Oaro 17,387 2025
Molesworth-Clarence Reserve 159,512 Molesworth Marlborough 102,339 2027 2027
Upper Awatere 45,824 2027
Upper Awatere Molesworth 11,349 2027
Waiau-Hurunui 114,600 Domett 10,049 2019 2019
Ethleton 16,750 2019
Intake 11,011 2019
Lowry Cheviot 15,092 2019
Lowry Range 14,784 2019
Pahau 17.480 2019
Rotherham 29,434 2019
Wairau-Waihopai 115,418 Byrons 8,629 2021 2021
Mangreturk 15,776 2020
Leatham 58,239 2020
Upper Waihopai 4,745 2020
Upper Wairau 8,727 2020
Upper Wairau Rainbow 2,287 2020
Waihopai Spray 10,148 2020
Wairau South 6,867 2021
Western Hinterland 89,358 Western Mountains (Clarence)
89,358 2025 2025
Wider Glencoe 132,798 Western Mountains 132,798 2024 2024
13 March 2019 | Page 11
WEST COAST/TASMAN VRA (TOTAL VRA HECTARES = 1,812,616; VRA TB FREEDOM YEAR = 2031)
The West Coast/Tasman VRA has large areas of native forest of which parts have yet to have received any official possum
control. Furthermore, significant tracts of farmland adjoin forested areas where infected possum/livestock interactions
occur. It is therefore not until 2031/32 before the entire VRA is planned to be declared TB free.
The area extends from below Cape Farewell at the top of the South Island includes the Kahurangi National Forrest and
associated farmland to the east and covers the area between the Tasman Sea and the western side of the Main Divide
further south as far as Whataroa.
TMA Name TMA Total Hectares
VCZ Name VCZ Hectares
VRA
VCZ TB Freedom
Year
TMA TB Freedom
Year
Ahaura 35,730 Ahaura 7,739 2022 2022
Grey Valley East 9,527 2022
Nelson Creek 9,751 2022
Ngahere 8,713 2022
Anatori 42,233 Anatori Anaweka 2,276 2020 2022
Anatori Patarau 12,059 2022
Barnett Range Aerial 13,791 2020
Maori Point 8,822 2019
Patarau 5,285 2019
Buller 172,909 Blacks Point 4,071 2024 2027
Cronadun 9,025 2023
Inangahua 8,649 2023
Inangahua East 21,878 2023
Inangahua West 10,468 2023
Iron Bridge 202 2024
Mackley 606 2023
New Creek North 41,115 2024
New Creek South 662 2024
Rahu North 11,017 2024
Rahu South 10,143 2024
Victoria Forest Park 55,073 2027
Buller Coast 76,284 Buller North 11,521 2023 2023
Buller North Aerial 28,063 2023
Buller South 17,766 2021
Buller South Aerial 18,934 2021
Coastal Karamea 47,938 Karamea East 16,854 2023 2023
Karamea 15,346 2023
Karamea South 12,808 2023
Seddonville West 2,930 2023
Greater Karamea 179,219 Cobb West Coast 37,683 2024 2024
Kahurangi West Coast 141,213 2024
Kahurangi National Park 323 2024
13 March 2019 | Page 12
TMA Name TMA Total Hectares
VCZ Name VCZ Hectares
VRA
VCZ TB Freedom
Year
TMA TB Freedom Year
Grey 99,224 Arnold Valley 9,579 2021 2021
Bell Hill 9,836 2021
Hohonu 13,302 2021
Inchbonnie 6,207 2021
Kaiata Central 2,786 2021
Kaiata South 9,388 2021
Marsden East 14,011 2021
Marsden West 7,753 2021
Moana North 11,790 2021
Rotomanu Buffer 1,272 2021
Rotomanu North 4,971 2021
Taramakau 4,548 2021
Te Kinga 3,781 2021
Grey North 51,658 Grey Valley North 21,654 2020 2021
Hukarere 21.315 2021
Rough River 8,689 2021
Grey West 42,557 Atarau 20,270 2022 2022
Craigieburn 8,575 2022
Grey Valley West 13.262 2022
Hari Hari 42,706 Hari Hari 16,407 2022 2023
Ianthe 9,938 2022
Karnback 7,991 2022
One One 4,237 2023
Poerua 4,133 2022
Hokitika Waitaha 61,274 Mikonui – Totara Valley 9,150 2022 2022
Mikonui North 20,746 2022
Mikonui South 20,016 2022
Waitaha 9,362 2022
McVicars 40,659 Kopara 13,438 2023 2024
McVicars 27,221 2024
Mokihinui 78,347 Mokihinui 46,017 2026 2026
Radiant Range 28.330 2026
Paparoa Range 84,714
Paparoa National Park 49,893 2027 2027
Western Paparoa Range 34,821 2027
South Westland Alps 55,961 Upper Wanganui 15,905 2031 2031
Upper Waitaha 4,321 2031
Upper Perth 16,661 2031
West Smyth Altitude 3,386 2031
Whitcombe 12,849 2031
Willburg Range 2,839 2031
13 March 2019 | Page 13
TMA Name TMA Total Hectares
VCZ Name VCZ Hectares
VRA
VCZ TB Freedom
Year
TMA TB Freedom Year
Southern Paparoa Range 30,347 Barrytown West 3,174 2022 2023
Coal Creek 4,319 2023
Greymouth 904 2023
Southern Paparoa Range 21,950 2022
Takaka 130,324 Cobb Tasman 53,129 2022 2022
Kahurangi Tasman North 36,928 2021
East Takaka Brooklyn 11,448 2020
Kahurangi Point 5,094 2022
Upper Takaka North 17,145 2020
Upper Takaka South 6,580 2020
Tasman 86,697 Mid Motueka Valley 19,392 2019 2020
Mount Arthur 15,152 2020
Ngatimoti 15,896 2019
North Motueka Valley 6,051 2020
Pinchback 15,703 2019
South Motueka Valley 14,503 2019
Wangapeka 123,354 Dart River 12,296 2020 2021
Glenhope 1,986 2020
Hope Range 18,561 2019
Matiri 42,709 2020
Murchison North 13,704 2020
Wangapeka Mount Owen 3,357 2021
Kahurangi Tasman South 30,741 2020
West Coast Divide 167,917 Alexander Range 9,207 2025 2027
Arahura Southern Alps 4,223 2027
Hochstetter 16,945 2023
Nancy 29,185 2026
Taipo East 1,057 2026
Taramakau Valley 8,967 2026
Upper Ahaura North 11,711 2026
Upper Ahaura South 44.429 2027
Upper Toaroha 2,725 2027
Upper Kokatahi 4,122 2027
Newton Range 10,146 2027
Mungo 2,753 2027
Otira 15,276 2027
Upper Taipo 7,171 2027
13 March 2019 | Page 14
TMA Name TMA Total Hectares
VCZ Name VCZ Hectares
VRA
VCZ TB Freedom
Year
TMA TB Freedom Year
Westland 114,834 Arahura 8,764 2021 2024
Blue Spur 5,684 2021
Hokitika 961 2021
Hokitika East 6,801 2022
Hokitika West 4,894 2022
Kokatahi East 5,433 2021
Kokotahi West 7,939 2021
Kowhitirangi East 8,900 2024
Kowhitirangi West 11,959 2022
Kumara 10,756 2021
Kumara Junction 5,911 2021
Milltown North 2,337 2023
Milltown South 5,390 2024
Ruatapu 19 2021
Taipo 7,169 2024
Taipo South 13,433 2024
Turiwhate 8,484 2022
Whataroa River 51,788 Hercules 7,098 2023 2026
Okarito East 10,389 2024
Okarito West 2,882 2024
Price 3,891 2023
Saltwater 9,609 2026
Whataroa - Waitangi 17,919 2024
ROLLESTON RANGE VRA (TOTAL VRA HECTARES = 55,648; VRA TB FREEDOM YEAR = 2020)
Rolleston Range is the most recent VRA to be created in the Northern South Island Region. The VRA includes the Rolleston
Range and the catchments of the Wilberforce and Mathias Rivers. It is a relative small, separate area where TB was located
in a single herd at the same time as it was identified in wildlife (resident possums and feral pigs). Although the origin of this
infection is not known, the control effort appears to have contained the infection to a single herd and no subsequent TB
wildlife have has been identified.
TMA Name TMA Total Hectares
VCZ Name VCZ Hectares
VRA
VCZ TB Freedom
Year
TMA TB Freedom
Year
Rolleston Range 55,648 Rolleston Range 55,648 2020 2020
13 March 2019 | Page 15
6 SURVEILLANCE OF TBFREE AREAS
After declaration of TB freedom, a 15-year assurance surveillance plan should be developed for each area of interest, being
either a VCZ or grouping of VCZs. This would involve assessment of the potential ways in which passive surveillance might
detect re-emergent TB within that particular VCZ or grouping of VCZs.
The aim during the post-TB freedom period is to gradually accumulate data indicating that either possum numbers have
been kept low (through possum control by other agencies aimed at delivering conservation or other benefits) or that there
has been no resurgence of TB even though host densities have recovered. The latter will primarily utilise density data from
other agencies and TB status data derived from incidental or passive surveillance provided by livestock testing and slaughter
data or other sources.
7 RISKS AND ISSUES
There are a number of challenges, risks and issues at national level that may impact on the achievement of the NPMP
objectives. These are captured in Section 3 of the NPMP National Operational Plan:
www.ospri.co.nz/assets/Uploads/Documents/National-Operational-Plan.pdf
The most significant risks to the achievement of TB Plan objectives in the Northern South Island are:
(i) The continued use of 1080 within the TB Plan; and
(ii) Access to passive wildlife surveillance data.
THE CONTINUED USE OF 1080 WITHIN THE TB PLAN
The plan is based on the continued availability of aerial 1080 baiting, or practical cost-effective alternatives for possum
control. It is planned that the move to eradication will require a significant increase in the amount of aerial 1080 usage over
the next five years. After this time, the use of aerial 1080 for TB control purposes is expected to fall away very quickly to zero
by 2030. Ground control is neither a practical nor an economically viable alternative for aerial 1080 control of possums in
many areas.
It is also noted that there have been considerable improvements in aerial control methods, baiting technology and reduced
levels of bait use over the years, which are expected to continue. Science reviews have supported this view. Research is
currently being undertaken into alternative toxins that, subject to the results of further research and assessment work, may
at some time in the future be approved for aerial application. Research and new technologies have also identified
improvements for multi-species ground control. It is expected that the new technologies and tools will be adopted into
future work programmes.
Until they are available and found to be cost-effective, the safeguards for the use of 1080 and other toxins for possum
control will continue to be applied. These safeguards principally operate through the Hazardous Substances and New
Organisms Act 1993 and include requirements to obtain approval for most 1080 operations from the local Medical Officer of
Health. TBfree New Zealand will continue to ensure that there is:
• Strict application of standard operating procedures to all operations to ensure full regulatory compliance, effective
consultation with affected parties and communities of interest, and minimisation of any adverse effects;
• Continued focus on technical improvements in bait quality and application methods, to see if toxic bait application
rates can be reduced further;
• Cooperation with Department of Conservation (DOC) and other parties to maximise biodiversity benefits from TB
control operations; and
• Carefully planned and managed communications to the public, stakeholders and communities of interest about the
need for and benefits of targeted 1080 application for TB control and biodiversity management.
13 March 2019 | Page 16
ACCESS TO PASSIVE WILDLIFE SURVEILLANCE DATA
The access to passive wildlife surveillance data, including the legality and ability of accessing hunting post mortem records
from helicopter hunting companies, are important for the purposes of TB surveillance in the mountainous country between
the west and east coasts of the Northern South Island. Wildlife surveillance data will also need to be utilised for proof-of-
freedom purposes for TMAs such as Western Hinterland, Wider Glencoe, West Coast Divide and South Westland Alps.
This risk will be mitigated firstly by negotiation of access to data with wild animal recovery operators, game animal
processors and MPI under the provision of TB information clauses of the TB NPMP Order-in-Council. If it is determined that
additional powers are required to compel operators to provide passive wildlife surveillance data, the necessary amendments
to the TB NPMP Order-in-Council will be sought from MPI.
8 REVIEWING AND REPORTING
The successful implementation of the NPMP will be assessed against the achievement of plan objectives within the following
cascading geographic hierarchy:
• The statutory objectives and associated milestones contained in clause 5 of the Biosecurity (National Bovine
Tuberculosis Management Plan) Order 1998.
• The National Operational Plan objectives and targets contained in section 2.4 of the National Operational Plan.
• Area Disease Management Plan objectives and targets for the North Island, Northern South Island and Southern
South Island.
• TMA objectives and targets within each Area Disease Management Plan.
While the TB freedom milestones for the primary NPMP objective are defined under clause 5(1A) of the Order-in-Council,
proxy measures for possum TB freedom (hectares of VRA) and livestock TB freedom (number of infected status herds) will
be used. Objectives and targets for these proxies will be set respectively in the National Operational Plan, the Area Disease
Management Plans and in the TMA plans.
A formal process for review and reporting on the achievement of objectives, milestones and targets will be developed for
each level within the planning hierarchy. This includes Board reporting. Progress towards the achievement of the secondary
objective of the NPMP, i.e. to contain the disease in livestock to a national herd prevalence of less than 0.2% until such a
time as the disease is fully eradicated, will be tracked nationally and reported in the annual National Operational Plan review
and the Annual Report.
It is likely that additional measures and Key Performance Indicators, e.g. herd TB breakdown/clearance rates, numbers of
reactor animals and their status at post-mortem, and pest management activity measurements, will be required as
components of the governance agreements between TBfree New Zealand and its funders/stakeholders. These will be
documented within these separate agreements and be reported in the annual report to ensure that stakeholders and the
wider public are informed on progress relative to milestones and targets.
There will also be additional goals and objectives to be reviewed and reported on within OSPRI’s Annual Operating Plan.
Any significant changes in operational and policy matters specified within the NOP will be introduced and documented
through annual review (and amendment where necessary) of the NOP pursuant to Sections 100B (1) (b) and (c) of the
Biosecurity Act 1993. This will allow for further development and refinement of operational measures and policies towards
effective achievement of NPMP objectives.
Formal quarterly reporting of NPMP progress towards the achievement of the 2026 livestock TB freedom milestone and the
2040 possum TB freedom milestone for the OSPRI Board and stakeholders has now been instituted. It is anticipated that
these quarterly reports will be made available to regional stakeholders once adopted by the Board. Quarterly Board
milestone reporting will be done in the months of August, November, February and May.
13 March 2019 | Page 17
APPENDIX 1
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Biological eradication The complete absence of TB in wildlife and livestock (but not humans) from a particular management unit, such as
a Vector Control Zone, with a near zero chance of disease reinvasion. A declaration of biological eradication
follows a declaration of TB freedom.
Breakdown/Infected Herd Refers to TB being diagnosed in a Clear or Suspended status cattle or deer herd.
Infected herd annual period
prevalence (also herd
infection rate)
Is the number of cattle and deer herds classified as infected at the start of the financial year, together with the
number of cattle and deer herds found infected during the financial year, divided by total cattle and deer herds,
expressed as a percentage.
Livestock TB freedom A TB Plan milestone where cattle and deer herds are largely free of TB infection, with the exception of a very small
number of isolated breakdowns which would require mopping up.
Management agency Is defined in the Biosecurity Act as “a management agency responsible for implementing a national pest
management plan”. The management agency for the TB Plan is TBfree NZ, a subsidiary of OSPRI New Zealand.
Movement Control Areas
(MCA)
Defined geographical areas used under the current Plan to control the risk of TB transmission through cattle or
deer movements from areas with the highest wildlife infection risk, being those areas where infected herd annual
period prevalence (as a proxy for wildlife infection risk) is greater than one per cent.
National Operational Plan
(NOP)
The set of operational measures and polices developed by the management agency to give effect to the Minister’s
decision and the TB Plan Order. The NOP is required under s100B of the Biosecurity Act 1993 to be produced by
the management agency within 3 months of the TB Plan Order (or amended Order) coming into effect. It must be
reviewed by the management agency annually, with a report on performance and any amendments provided to
the Minister.
Passive surveillance The use of data from different sources to provide inference about the likelihood of presence or absence of TB.
These data may come from unplanned incidental observations (such as the detection of TB in pigs or deer by
recreational and commercial hunters or possum fur trappers) or from information collected for other primary
purposes (such as the use of slaughterhouse inspection of cattle and deer for TB, and the use of livestock testing
data collected to determine TB presence in livestock, not wildlife per se).
Probability of freedom
(POF)
The probability that TB has been eradicated from the possum population in a defined area.
Stopping rule Means the level at which possum control stops in an area because the possum population is considered to be TB
free. The level is currently set at a probability of TB freedom of 0.95. At that level, it is expected that one in 20
areas declared TB free will still contain TB possums and herds in such areas would be vulnerable to becoming
infected. These areas would receive additional possum control to eradicate the identified infection.
Surveillance The process of conducting formal field surveys to detect the continued presence of TB in possums. It includes
direct necropsy surveys of possums (usually by trapping) and/or necropsy of sentinel species such as pigs, ferrets,
and deer, which are known to largely be spillover hosts in which the presence of TB indicates the probable
presence of TB in possums.
TB Used as an abbreviation for bovine tuberculosis. Mycobacterium bovis, is the bacterium that causes the disease of
bovine tuberculosis (and is the ‘pest’ managed by the proposed TB Plan).
TB Management Areas
(TMA)
TMAs are a contiguous area with broadly similar:
• habitat and geography
• level of control and surveillance
• disease history and risk
TB Pest Management Plan The set of objectives, measures and operational policies established to manage bovine TB in New Zealand. It is
given effect to through the TB Plan Order and operationalised through the National Operational Plan (a
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requirement under s100B of the Biosecurity Act). References to the ‘current Plan’ mean the TB Plan as currently
enacted and implemented through the TB Plan Order and the National Operational Plan.
TB Plan Order Is the Biosecurity (National Bovine Tuberculosis Pest Management Plan) Order 1998 that gives effect to the
regulatory elements of the TB Plan.
TB freedom Freedom from bovine tuberculosis means that the statistical likelihood of bovine tuberculosis being present in the
population of the species concerned is assessed by TBfree New Zealand as being no greater than 0.0001%
throughout the preceding 12-month period.
Vector Control Zone (VCZ) A defined geographical area in which activities are undertaken to control or survey the population of wild animals
for the purposes of managing bovine tuberculosis.
Vector Free Area (VFA) A defined geographical area where bovine tuberculosis is not maintained in the wildlife populations.
Vector Risk Area (VRA) A defined geographical area where bovine tuberculosis is being maintained in the wildlife population as indicated
by either epidemiological information from infected cattle and deer herds, or the finding of tuberculosis in wildlife
animals that are classed as bovine tuberculosis maintenance hosts.
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