50 50 60 60 60 30 30 50 40 50 40 70 70 80 80 0 60 90E 90 W 120 120 150 150 180 Arctic Circle Arctic Circle Hudson Hudson Bay Bay Great Slave Lake Lake Athabasca Great Bear Lake Baffin Baffin Bay Bay Chukchi Chukchi Sea Sea Davis Strait Davis Strait Bering Sea Bering Sea Barents Sea Ob’ Ob’ Norwegian Norwegian Sea Sea Greenland Greenland Sea Sea Kara Kara Sea Sea East East Siberian Siberian Sea Sea Baltic Sea Lake Onega Lake Ladoga Arctic Ocean Beaufort Sea White Sea Sea of Azov Bristol Bay Labrador Labrador Sea Sea Tatar Strait Sea of Japan Bering Strait Black Sea Black Sea Denmark Strait Denmark Strait Gulf of Alaska Laptev Laptev Sea Sea Zaliv Shelikhova North Pacific North Pacific Ocean Ocean North Atlantic Ocean North Atlantic Ocean Sea of Sea of Okhotsk Okhotsk North North Sea Sea Lena Vily u y Yenise y Len a A l d a n A m u r Irty s h Dvin a Vychegd a S e v e r n a y a Suk h o n a K a m a V o l g a Dneipe r D o n Pech o r a Yukon Riv e r M a c k e n zie River R i v e r Peac e K oly m a CANADA CHINA Greenland (DENMARK) ICELAND UNITED STATES ROMANIA BEL. CZECHIA UKRAINE IRE. FINLAND SWEDEN U.K. SLOV. REP. RUS. LATVIA LITH. DENMARK GERMANY JAPAN NETH. BELARUS POLAND NORWAY HUNG. MOL. RUSSIA TURKEY KAZ. EST. Svalbard (NORWAY) Jan Mayen (NORWAY) Faroe Islands (DENMARK) Bjørnøya occupied by the Soviet Union in 1945; administered by Russia; claimed by Japan. Wrangel Island Victoria Island Banks Island Ellesmere Island Baffin Island NEW SIBERIAN ISLANDS QUEEN ELIZABETH ISLANDS SEVERNAYA ZEMLYA NOVAYA ZEMLYA SHETLAND ISLANDS FRANZ JOSEF LAND A L E U T I A N I S L A N D S K U R I L I S L A N D S MACKENZIE MACKENZIE MOUNTAINS MOUNTAINS AL EUTI AN TREN C H KURI L TRENCH RIDGE L O M O N O S O V ROCKY MOUNTAI NS ROCKY MOUNTAI NS U R A L M O U N T A I N S V E R K H O Y A N S K I Y K H R E B E T KOLYMSKOYE NAGOR’ YE B R O O KS R A N G E ALDANSKOYE NAGOR’YE MACKENZIE MOUNTAINS AL EUTI AN TREN C H KURI L TRENCH Molloy Deep (deepest point of Arctic Ocean, -5607 m) North Pole L O M O N O S O V RIDGE sea ice extent summer average 2000-2006 Alert Arviat Cambridge Bay Churchill Dawson Juneau Fort McMurray Fort Nelson Gjoa Haven Inuvik Iqaluit Kuujjuaq Pond Inlet Prince George Rankin Inlet Repulse Bay Resolute Whitehorse Yellowknife Ilulissat Ittoqqorttoormiit Nord Qaanaaq (Thule) Qaqortoq Sisimiut Tasiilaq Anadyr' Arkhangel'sk Cherskiy Kaliningrad Kazan' Khabarovsk Krasnodar Magadan Murmansk Nizhniy Novgorod Noril'sk Dikson Okhotsk Oymyakon Perm' Petropavlovsk- Kamchatskiy Pevek Provideniya Rostov Saint Petersburg Samara Saratov Sochi Tiksi Verkhoyansk Volgograd Voronezh Yakutsk Yekaterinburg Kharkiv Belfast Anchorage Bethel Fairbanks Kodiak Nome Prudhoe Bay Valdez Utqiagvik (Barrow) Tromsø Umeå Bergen Reykjavík Tallinn Brussels Minsk Kyiv Berlin Copenhagen Dublin Vilnius Stockholm Moscow Amsterdam Oslo Chis ¸inau ( London Warsaw Prague Helsinki Tórshavn Longyearbyen Nuuk Riga 0 500 Kilometers 0 500 Miles Scale 1:39,000,000 Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area Projection ARCTIC REGION 2020-00228-06 2-21