Architectural drawings

ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, NIT PATNA

Somnath Bhui (1105036) Guided by: Ar. Ashutosh Kumar

TYPES OF DRAWINGS A BRIEF DISCUSSION. . . .

Drawing is a form of visual art that makes use of any number of drawing instruments to mark a two-dimensional medium. 

Drawing is one of the oldest forms of human expression and probably the most popular as it doesn’t require any educational qualification to read a drawing.

ART•Figure drawing•Shading•Cartooning•Doodling•Sketch

•Technical drawings•Machinery•Circuitry

DRAWING

A sketch by HENRI DE TAULOUSE- LAUTREC

A sketch by MASSON

Phases of MOON by GALILEO GALLILE

SOURCE: ‘Drawings’- Wikipedia

ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS• Technical drawings are graphic representations such as lines

and symbols that follow specific conventions of scale and projection.

• Architectural drawing is simply the technical drawing of a house, a building or any kind of structure.

•  A sketch, diagram, plan, or schematic used to design, construct, and document buildings and other structures.

• The drawings may be used to indicate the overall appearance, inside or outside the structure, or they may be used to indicate precise measurements and other details for construction.

• Drawings, especially those for construction purposes, may be issued as a set, with different sheets indicating different types of construction (electrical, mechanical, plumbing).

http://www.architecturecourses.org/architectural-drawings#sthash.HVqdv5JH.dpuf

• Following is the purpose of Architectural Drawings: to develop a design idea into a coherent proposal to communicate ideas and concepts to convince clients of the merits of a design. to enable a building contractor to construct it as a record of the completed work, to make a record of a building that already exists.

• Certain set of conventions are followed while making Architectural drawings for maintaining the uniformity of drawings in terms of – Scale, line weight, size of sheet, line weight, line type, symbols .

• IS 962:1989 – CODE OF PRACTICE FOR ARCHITECTURAL AND BUILDING DRAWINGS lays down the standards for drafting.

• Local By-laws also has certain standards that must be followed in order to get the sanction for the project.

Source: IS:7973-1976, Wikipedia-"Architectural Drawing"

COMPONENTS OF ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING

• Site Plan

• Diagram (Shows the inter relationship of spaces)

• Floor Plans (Horizontal section of building at certain height)

• Elevations (View on a vertical plane situated at infinity )

• Sections (A view of the parts contained in an intersecting surface, usually a plane

surface)

• Component details (Drawings used to show the manufacture/ installation of

components)

• Isometric and Axonometric projections.

• Perspective views.

TYPES OF ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS:

• Preliminary Drawing (Concept Sketch)

• Survey Drawings.

• Presentation Drawings.

• Municipal Drawings.

• Working Drawings.

• Detailed Project Report.

• Record Drawings.

Source: Behance, own portfolio

CONCEPT SKETCH• It is the IDEATION of the design.• It has the main elements to be used that exhibits the principles the

architect intends to implement. • Climate, topography and socio-economic aspects come into play during

inception of the concept.

SURVEY DRAWINGS• Measured drawings of existing land, structures and buildings.• Architects need an accurate set of survey drawings as a basis for their

working drawings, to establish exact dimensions for the construction work.

• These drawings show terrain, nearby structures, Vegetation, water body etc.

Source: New campus of NIT Patna- Mukesh & Associates, Chennai

PRESENTATION DRAWINGS

• On the basis of the concept, the Architect now tries to convince the client by using RENDERED IMAGES and WALKTHROUGHS.

• The dimensions in this drawing may change (it does change) due to certain constraints.

• The main focus in this drawing is it visual appeal.

MUNICIPAL DRAWINGS/ SANCTION DRAWINGS

• These are the drawings prepared for obtaining sanction for the project.

• The sanctioning authorities have their own checklist of drawings to be submitted.

• Sanction is granted for the construction of the building only after scrutinized and found to be conforming with all the mandatory by-laws.

• Some of the required drawings are:All floor plansLocationSite PlanAll ElevationsSections- Minimum one through staircase and one through toilet.Septic Tank details (sewerage ).

LOCATION DRAWINGS- Site plan and site location .

Source: Drawings of residence of Mr.Mihir Dey,Durgapur.

ALL FLOOR PLANS.

SLAB –BEAM SPECIFICATION.

Source: Drawings of residence of Mr.Mihir Dey,Durgapur.

SEPTIC TANK DETAILS

SPECIFICATIONS

OWNER’S INFORMATION AND SITE ADDRESS

Source: Drawings of residence of Mr.Mihir Dey,Durgapur.

IS 7973- 1979

WORKING DRAWING• The purpose of the working drawings is to show how the design is to be materialized. • Working drawings should give the contractor exactly the information he needs. • The drawings should be

neatly arranged and systematically numbered, should be clear, simple, and clean. should have only relevant data. necessary notes should be accurately drawn so that scaled measurements agree

with figures. should be free of repitious details.

VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF WORKING DRAWING

• Site Layout• Foundation layout• Excavation plan• Column layout• Beam- column layout• Brickwork layout• Electrical drawing.• PHE drawing• HVAC drawing• Generic details• Elevations• Sections

Site Layout

Foundation layout

Excavation plan

Brickwork layout

Terrace Plan

Elevation

Staircase Details

Floor and Parapet details

Electrical drawing.

• Certain things are necessary in the preparation of Working Drawing:

– Graphic Symbols– Revisions– Title Block

SCHEDULE

NOTE

DETAILSDIMENSIONS

SOURCE: www.businessdictionary.com

RECORD DRAWINGS

• These are revised set of drawing made upon completion of a project or a particular job.

• They reflect all changes made in the specifications and working drawings during the construction process, and show the exact dimensions, geometry, and location of all elements of the work completed under the contract.

• Also called as-built drawings or just as-builts.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• IS: 962- 1989• IS: 7973- 1976• ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS- Wikipedia• DRAWINGS- Wikipedia• Mukesh & Associates, Chennai - Presentation

for new NIT Patna Campus.• CAD CAMPUS, DURGAPUR.

THANK YOU . . .