Architecting the Cloud - IEEE Computer Societyconferences.computer.org/stc/2013/papers/0001a017.pdf · Architecting the Cloud: Enterprise Architecture Patterns for Cloud Computing

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Architecting the Cloud: Enterprise Architecture Patterns for Cloud Computing

Claudia Rose // President: BBII Enterprises, [email protected]

Ken Griesi // Senior Principal Architect: Cisco Systems, Inc. [email protected]

Prakash C. Rao // VP & Chief Architect MMC Ltd [email protected]

4.9.2013

IEEE Software Technology Conference

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Purpose and Agenda

• Purpose: – Explore patterns and traditional enterprise

architecture principles necessary to holistically plan transformation of businesses toward a cloud model.

• Agenda:– Cloudwash– Provide EA and cloud computing primer– Introduce key principles– Explore sample patterns

© Ken Griesi

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Ken Griesi // Senior Principal Architect with Cisco Systems. (Certified Enterprise

Architect, L.Z.A., Licensed SOA Architect, MS in Systems M.S., Systems Engineering from

the University of Maryland with studies at The Johns Hopkins University, 15+ years of

experience)

Prior to joining Cisco, he was Chief Architect of the U.S. Navy's Consolidated Afloat

Networks and Enterprise Services (CANES) program, architecting the Navy's cloud,

consolidating networks, and establishing enterprise services. He has served as Chief

Engineer of MITRE Corporation's Navy C3I department, as Lead Systems Engineer of

Northrop Grumman's Global Hawk drone program, and fulfilled technical and business

capacities at Lockheed Martin. http://www.linkedin.com/pub/ken-griesi/6/a1/729

Claudia Rose // BBII president (MAIT: George Mason University, B.A.: University of

Wisconsin Madison), Certified Enterprise Architect, 2012 winner of San Diego National

Association of Women Business Owners Signature Award, 15+ years experience. She

served on boards of directors: aEA, INCOSE, NDIA, AUVSI and presented papers to aEA,

INCOSE, NDIA, AFCEA. Co-authored Architecting the Cloud: Enterprise Architecture

Patterns for Cloud Computing.

She teaches EA Bootcamps for aEA, the Air Force, NAWCWD, FEAC, Texas State

Technical Colleges, Nanyang Technical University, NASA, and commercially. She

implemented and taught tools/concepts in Enterprise and Systems Engineering and Cloud

Computing. She provided Engineering consulting for

CANES.http://www.linkedin.com/pub/claudia-rose/a/878/427

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A tough place to be!

Our

Talk

Audience Doors Lunch

Rapid Exodus

11:30 12:00 PM 12:01 PM

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Cloudwash

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EA + Cloud Computing:

A primer

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IT projects are failing at an

unprecedented rate

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Many believe cloud can

solve their problems

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The way enterprises use

technology is changing

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The enterprise context is changing

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Architects must respond to these

changes…

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Balancing the Rush to

Implementation

Enterprise

Architecture

Cloud

Solutions

Engineering

MachHeading

Planning Implementation

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Cloud Computing consists of

familiar architectural constructs

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Cloud computing can take different

functional forms

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Data clouds offer new insights and

actionable information

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Big Data has big implications for

business objectives

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Big Data has big implications for

business objectives

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Cloud computing is

more than a fad…

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EA is needed now more then ever

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EA is grounded in principles

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Principles are the foundation of

patterns

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Key principles for

EA + Cloud

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Some Key Principles

• Enterprises are constantly transformingthemselves to exist, survive and adapt

• Enterprise Architecture is used to drive the planning process

• Solutions Engineering is used to drive the solution building

• An initiative is a unit of planned transformation

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Some Key Principles

• Today’s initiatives are often collaborations between IT & the business

• Cloud computing is a type of information technology transformation initiative

• Enterprise Patterns reflect the nature of the Business

• Analysis Patterns are used to support Planning

• Solution Patterns are used to support Engineering

This presentation will address PLANNING concerns

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Enterprise Transformation

Current

State

Future

Desired

States

Business Initiatives

Technology Initiatives

DOTMLPF Changes

Transformation Plan/Roadmap

Enterprise Architecture

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CC Initiatives affect the Enterprise

Internal Organization and

Stakeholders

External Stakeholders

Partners/Suppliers/Service Providers

• Internal Organization and Stakeholders

• External Stakeholders

• Partners/ Suppliers/ Service Providers

• Facilities and Locations

• Service Dependencies

• Customer Commitments

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CC is part of a larger Enterprise

Context

Business Model

Processes/Operations

Infrastructure

Information Technology

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Planning a CC Initiative

• Problem Side Analysis

• Analysis of Alternatives (AoA)

• Analysis of Impact on Current Operations

• Overcome Weaknesses

• Exploit Opportunities

• Making Solution Side Decisions

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Zero Time

• Instant Adaptation

• Instant Involvement

• Instant Execution

• Instant Value Alignment

• Instant Learning

• Achieving three creates a market leader.

• Achieving all five leads to perpetual market lock.

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EA Planning Delivers

• A Collection of related IT and business Projects

• A Roadmap that recognizes Project Dependencies

• Each Project develops IT/Business Capabilities

• IT/Business Capabilities support Operations explicitly

• A Roadmap balances risks against aggressive evolution

• A Roadmap incorporates resource related tradeoffs and prioritizations

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Some EA Terminology

• Enterprise Patterns

• Enterprise Architecture Frameworks

• Enterprise Viewpoints/Concerns

• Enterprise Views/Models

• Enterprise Initiatives

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Sample Patterns

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Patterns (Simple View)

Metaphors generally applicable to a class of problems, solutions, methods, techniques, etc. (Models)

Patterns: – are reusable

– inform methods and techniques

– provide “large granularity knowledge”

Pattern deviations create both opportunity and confusion

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Using Enterprise Patterns

• Benchmarking Cloud Adoption

• Determining Competitive Advantage

• Determining Cloud Adoption Pressures

• Determining Stance: Follow or Lead

What Market am I In? Who is similar to me?

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Architecture Framework Patterns

• Taxonomy/Ontology Based Frameworks – Zachman Framework– IDEAS and DM2

• Process Based Frameworks– TOGAF/ADM– EAP

• Hybrid Frameworks– New FEAF Common Approach– DoDAF/NAF/MODAF

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Architecture Framework

• Multiple Viewpoints/Concerns

• Multiple Views (Models)/Representations

• (Standard Architecture Elements) represent

– What

– How

– Who

– Where

– When

– Why

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Viewpoint Patterns

Strategy

Business/Operational

Systems/Apps/Services

Infrastructure

Technology

Da

ta &

Info

rma

tion

Se

cu

rity

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Why is Viewpoint Important?

Programmer’s View Customer’s View

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Sample Strategic Viewpoint

PatternsDoDAF TOGAF Common Approach

CV-1 Vision Driver/ Goal/ Objective

Catalog

S-1 Concept Overview

Diagram

CV-2 Capability Taxonomy S-2 Strategic Plan

CV-3 Capability Phasing S-3 CONOPS Scenarios

CV-4 Capability Dependency S-4 SWOT Analysis

CV-5 S-5 Performance Measures

Scorecard

CV-6 Capability X Operational

Activity

CV-7 Capability X Services

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Sample CV-1 Vision PatternTransformation

Vision

Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3

Goal

1.1

Goal

1.2

Goal

2.1

Goal

2.2

Goal

2.3

Goal

3.1

Goal

3.2

Capability

Configuration 1Capability Configuration 1’

Capability

Configuration 1’’

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Use of Strategic View Patterns

• Surfacing Opportunities created by Cloud Technology

• Addressing Weaknesses including Capability Gaps using Cloud Technology

• Orchestrating Capability Developments and Project of Projects for Cloud Deployments

• Balancing initiatives against multiple enterprise concerns (BSC). [Ackoff’s Mess]

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Sample Business/Operational

Viewpoint PatternsDoDAF TOGAF Common Approach

OV-1 Operational Concept

Graphic

Organization/Actor Catalog B-1 Business Process

Diagram

OV-2 Operational Resource

Flow Diagram

Role Catalog B-2 Business Operating

Plan

OV-3 Operational Resource

Flow Matrix

Business/Service/ Function

Catalog

B-3 Business Service

Catalog

OV-4 Organizational

Relationships

Location Catalog B-4 Organization Chart

OV-5a,b Activity Model Process/ Event/ Control/

Product Catalog

B-5 Use Case Narrative and

Diagram

OV-6a,b,c Behavior Models Contract/Measure Catalog B-6 Business

Case/Alternative Analysis

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Business Reference Model Pattern

Business Areas & Lines of Business

LOB 1

LOB 2

LOB 3

LOB 4

LOB 5

LOB 6

Business Functions

Exte

rna

l V

iew

Inte

rna

l V

iew

Business Processes

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Sample OV-5a Pattern

Top Level

Activity (A0)

A1 A2 A3

A1.1 A1.2 A2.1 A2.2 A3.1

Fractal Pattern

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Sample Security Viewpoint

PatternsDoDAF TOGAF Common Approach

OV-6a Operational Rules

Model

Role catalog Security Controls Catalog

SV-10a System Rules

Model

Organization/Role Catalog Security & Privacy Plan

SV-7 Systems Measures

Matrix

Actor/Role Matrix Certification & Accreditation

Documentation

Contract/Measure Catalog Continuous Monitoring

Procedures

Data Dissemination

Diagram

Disaster Recovery Plan

Data Security Diagram Continuity of Operations

Plan

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Use of Security Viewpoint Patterns

• Information Security

• Data Security

• Continuity of Operations

• Disaster Recovery

• Monitoring & Control

• Certification & Accreditation

• Informs the security strategy for the Cloud Migration

Understanding

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Use of Data & Information

Viewpoint Patterns

• Distribution of Data across the Enterprise

• Issues of Data Security

• Issues of Data Ownership

• Issues of Data Privacy

• Issues of Data Stewardship and Quality

• Inform the data strategy for Cloud Migration and expose data related risk and vulnerability

Understanding

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Summary and Takeaways

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Summary: Balancing the rush to

implementation

Planning Implementing

Strategic

Patterns

Operational

Patterns

App

Patterns

Infra-

structure

Patterns

Data & Info

Patterns

Security

Patterns

Balanced

Cloud

Implementation

Plan

Enterprise

Patterns

© Ken Griesi

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Takeaways

• IT projects are failing at an unprecedented rate

• Many believe cloud can solve their problems

• The way enterprises use technology is changing

• Cloud tech offers new insights and actionable information

• EA is needed now more than ever

• Cloud offer a transformational turning point

Patterns and anti-patterns

already exist

© Ken Griesi

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Upcoming Book (McGraw Hill)

Co-Authors:

Beryl Bellman

Mark Bergman

Alan Brenner

Kenneth Griesi

Prakash Rao

Claudia Rose

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Thank you!

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References

• TOGAF 9.1 (The Open Group)

• DoDAF 2.03 (US Department of Defense)

• FEAF 2 Common Approach (Office of Management & Budget)

• FEAC Certified Enterprise Architect CEA Study Guide (McGraw-Hill)

• Zero Time: Providing Instant Customer Value - Every Time, All the Time! by Raymond T. Yeh, Keri E. Pearlson and George Kozmetsky(Jul 2000)