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AquaTools: An Underwater Acous3c Networking Simula3on Toolkit Anuj Sehgal Iyad Tumar Jürgen Schönwälder
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AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

May 08, 2018

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Page 1: AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

AquaTools:  An  Underwater  Acous3c  Networking  Simula3on  Toolkit  

Anuj  Sehgal  Iyad  Tumar  

Jürgen  Schönwälder  

Page 2: AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

Mo3va3on  

•  Radio  and  op3cal  communica3on  channels  are  not  efficient  •  Radio  requires  very  low  frequencies  (30-­‐300  Hz)  •  High  aOenua3on  

•  Fabrica3on  and  off-­‐shore  tes3ng  is  extremely  expensive  •  Several  thousands  for  a  dependable  modem  •  Thousands  per  day  in  off-­‐shore  deployment  costs  

•  Channel  performance  is  dependent  on  ambient  condi3ons  •  Change  in  temperature,  acidity  and  

salinity  changes  system  performance  

•  No  dependable  simulators  exist  to  simulate  underwater  networks  •  MATLAB  simula3ons  provide  channel  

modeling  capabili3es  •  Networks  also  need  rou3ng,  MAC,  

applica3on  layer  simula3ons  

Page 3: AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

Related  Work  

•  Nsmiracle  based  underwater  channel  simula3on  module  (Harris  et  al)  •  Nsmiracle  is  an  extension  of  ns2  •  Only  MAC  and  PHY  layer  supported  •  Not  possible  to  test  a  full  scale  network  

•  Underwater  LAN  designed  in  OPNET  (Sozer  et  al)  •  Task  specific  simula3on  •  Sta3c  environmental  parameters  •  Node  mobility  not  accounted  for  

•  MATLAB  based  simula3ons  •  Plenty  in  number  and  easy  to  set  up  •  No  possibility  to  define  topologies,  packet  losses/collisions,  rou3ng  and  

transport  layer  

Page 4: AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

Mathema3cal  Model  

•  Ainslie  &  McColm  Model  (AOenua3on  by  Absorp3on)  

•  Ambient  noise  

•  Signal-­‐to-­‐noise  Ra3o  (SNR)  

•  Transmission  Loss  

10logA(l, f ) = k⋅ 10log l + l⋅ logα

SNR(l, f ) =P

A(l, f )N( f )Δf

SNR(l, f ) =P

A(l, f )N( f )Δf

SNR(l, f ) =P

A(l, f )N( f )Δf

α = 0.106 f1 f2

f12 + f 2

epH −80.56

+0.52 1+T43

⎝ ⎜

⎠ ⎟ S35⎛

⎝ ⎜

⎠ ⎟

f2 f2

f22 + f 2

e−D6

+4.9 ×10−4 f 2e−

T27

+D17

⎝ ⎜

⎠ ⎟

10logNt ( f ) =17 − 30log f

10logNth ( f ) = −15 + 20log f

10logNs( f ) = 40 + 20(s − 0.5)€

10logNw ( f ) = 50 + 7.5w12

+ 20log f − 60( f + 0.03)€

+ 20log f − 40( f + 0.4)

Page 5: AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

Simula3on  Toolkit  

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=-&-%>-,)?%2/'()?70-/27")?%2/'()9/7-0:-0-/&-)='/2-)

!'&@-7)=-&-13+/)A%B-)!'&@-7)<00+0$)</-02#).+/$4B13+/)

•  AquaTools  provides  an  implementa3on  for  the  components  of  the  ns2  func3onal  model  –  enabling  usage  of  any  exis3ng  ns2  modules.  

•  The  Propaga3on,  Channel  and  Physical  Layer  models  are  implemented.  Modula3on  model  is  adopted  from  ns2  itself.  

Page 6: AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

Simula3ons  Setup  

•  Simula3on  setup  can  be  done  by  defining  modem  characteris3cs,  node  mobility  and  traffic  flows.  

•  Important  channel  parameters  can  be  setup  simply  by  sedng  values  for  appropriate  Tcl  variables.    

Page 7: AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

Results  –  Propaga3on  Delay  

•  Propaga3on  delay  results  mimic  the  shape  of  the  sound  velocity  profile  used  –  indica3ng  an  accurate  performance.  

Page 8: AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

Results  –  Channel  Capacity  

•  As  expected,  the  channel  capacity  predicted  reduces  logarithmically  with  distance  and  increases  with  transmission  strength.  

Page 9: AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

Results  –  Energy  Consump3on  

•  Studies  performed  using  AquaTools  have  confirmed  that  using  a  high  power  high-­‐data  rate  modem  for  transmidng  data  over  shorter  hops  can  save  energy.  

0.1

1

10

100

1000

10000

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

Po

we

r C

on

su

me

d (

kJ)

Transmitted Data (MB)

High Rate ModemLow Rate Modem

Page 10: AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

Conclusions  &  Future  Work  

-  The  AquaTools  simula3on  toolkit  is  based  on  the  ns2  simulator.  -  Widely  used  simulator.  -  Easy  to  write  Tcl  scripts.  

-  The  obtained  results  are  within  bounds  of  numerical  evalua3ons.  -  Numerically  correct  results.  -  Need  to  be  compared  to  real  world  deployments  

-  The  simulator  provides  a  method  for  developing  and  tes3ng  rou3ng,  transport  and  applica3on  layer  protocols  as  well.  

Page 11: AquaTools:*An*Underwater*Acous3c*Networking* …cnds.eecs.jacobs-university.de/slides/2010-oceans-ns2-underwater.pdf · • UnderwaterLANdesigned*in*OPNET* (Sozer*etal)* • Task*specific*simula3on*

Relevant  References  

-  A.  F.  Harris  and  M.  Zorzi,  “Modeling  the  underwater  acous3c  channel  in  ns2,”  in  ValueTools  ’07,  ICST,  Brussels,  Belgium,  2007,  pp.  1–8.  

-  E.  M.  Sozer,  M.  Stojanovic,  and  J.  G.  Proakis,  “Design  and  simula3on  of  an  underwater  acous3c  local  area  network,”  in  Proc.  Opnetwork  99,1999.