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Aquatic Physiology
RespirationgilldiffusionhemoglobinpH
Regulationgas bladderosmosis ion balanceexcretion
Chapter 3: Figures 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, Table 3.1
Chapter 4: Figures 4.4, 4.5, 4.6 (Eq.)
Chapter 5: Figures 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 (5th ed.)
Chapter 6: Figures 6.1, 6.2, 6.4, 6.6
Week 7:
Aquatic Regulationbuoyancy
elasmobranchs and coelacanthslipid/oil-filled liver
1/3 of body wt90% oil
~ food reserve ~ buoyancy at any depth, P
also cartilagerigid fins for lift
South American lungfish
Australian lungfish
African bichir
Asianclimbing perch
North American gar
physoclistous physostomous
osteichthyans:air/gas bladder
Figure 5.1, 5th ed. only.
gas bladder
~ air/gas reserve~ buoyancy declines w/depth, P
PV = nRT (ideal gas law)
pressure x volume = # gas molecules x constant x temperature
aquatic environment: 10 m decrease in depth ~ 1 atm increase in pressure
gas bladder:
neutralbuoyancy
½ @ 10 m
1/3 @ 20 m
pressure volume 1/4 @ 30 m
P ~ 1/V
sink...
pike perch
physostomous (open to gut/ mouth) physoclistous (closed to gut/mouth)
Gas Bladder: 2 types
surface to 100 m > 100 m depths
rete (mirabile)gas gland
physostomous (open to gut/ mouth) physoclistous (closed to gut/mouth)
25x rete length ~ 10x max. depth
gas bladder gas gland and rete system
deepsea snaggletoothAstronesthesto 200 m
rete mirabile =“wonderful net”
rete (mirabile)gas gland
Figure 5.2 [5.1] Figure 5.3 [5.2 4th and 3rd Eds.]
high pressure gas diffusion
very high pressure
2. salting out (HCO3-)
decrease in blood volume (V)and increases pressure (P)