AQUACULTURE MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING SYSTEM …lpulaguna.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/10-AQUACULTURE-MAINTENANCE-AND.pdfused are for reading stability and monitoring performance.

LPU–Laguna Journal of Engineering and Computer Studies

Vol. 4 No. 1 August 2018

114 Center for Research, Publication, and Intellectual Property

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AQUACULTURE MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING SYSTEM FOR COLD WATER AQUARIUM

Carl Jasper L. Cruz, Ariane Jaira D. Fulla,

Patrick Lawrence D. Sorezo, and Dr. Neil P. Balba

ABSTRACT

This research is focused about the automation of water management and maintenance for cold water in aquarium. The researchers integrated different sensors in order to build a water management system for an aquarium. One of the sensor that the researchers used is the water level sensor for identifying if the water level in the aquarium that is being filled by the water pump is already in the right water level then it will stop from filling and if not, it will continue to fill the aquarium. The researchers also used the turbidity sensor that will be connected to the water pump, the turbidity sensor will open the water pump if the sensor detected that the clarity of water is less and the water will be pump out. Another sensor is water temperature. All the sensors are integrated to microcontroller to have the desired objectives of the research. The researchers used the PHP server for the user to monitor the data from all the sensors from the microcontroller. The data will be in table and it will be send to the PHP server where it is in data login. The data that can be monitored in the server is in every hour real time. This research is focused on the automation of water management and maintenance for cold water in an aquarium. Keywords: Aquaculture, PHP, Raspberry Pi2, Automation, Water level sensor, Temperature sensor




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INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Majority of the aquariums used on today’s houses are monitored manually. Since human actions are very prone to errors and inaccuracy in relative to human nature, a change must occur in terms of how the management and monitoring is done, such as from manual to automatic. Gathering data about aquariums and life sources inside the environment must be done very accurate and clear since life forms depends on how well and good the environment is. Unacceptable change in the levels of the parameter values of the water may cause negative effect to the life of aquatic animals. This gives an idea for the proponents to automate the work of an aquaculture system. Various sensors are used in this project such as a water level sensor, temperature sensor, and a turbidity sensor. The sensors mentioned are used in water monitoring and management system.

Objectives of the Study

The general objective of this study is to develop a system that

would maintain and monitor the cold-water aquarium for aquaculture.

Specifically, this study aims to:

• To develop a database that will hold the activities going inside the aquarium.

• To automate the water replacement cycle of the aquarium using microcontroller.

• To develop a system that will accurately maintain the aquaculture in the aquarium

Significance of the Study

This system can help lessen the work of cleaning the aquarium,

because it automatically replaces the water inside the tank, and they

can also avoid being wet in the process. This system can also help in

monitoring the aquarium if for example the owners are on a trip or on a

vacation, they can see and monitor the status of their aquarium through

the internet.




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Scope and Limitations

In this project, the proponents use a raspberry pi microcontroller

as the main controller of the system. They also use IOT module that

connects one device to another wirelessly to the internet. The

proponent would also use a turbidity sensor to check the clearness of

the water, this would determine if the water inside the tank needs to be

replaced. Also, this project will use water level sensor for automatic

water refilling of the tank, and also a temperature sensor to check and

monitor the temperature of the aquarium.

There are limitations regarding this project. One of them is that

the aquarium cannot be 100% cleaned because it only replaces the

water. Also, this system can only be applied to cold water aquariums

since this kind of aquarium is typically used in houses and by fish lovers

and enthusiasts.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter is about related literature and previous studies of

other researchers and that the present researchers believed that this

guide them in their present research. The standards that they have

used is making the prototype are also considered in the previous

research. This helped them to decide if they are going to use the exact

standards or used an updated standard as of that moment.

Related Literatures

The system proposed by Adarsh Kaimal et al is to monitor the

quality and level of the water inside an aquarium as well as to give feeds

to the fish in the aquarium automatically. The proponents have

developed a smart aquarium with pH control, water renewal and

monitor lighting. The main purpose of the researchers for this project is

to create and maintain a water management system for an aquarium.

Every device on the system is connected to the PLC or Programmable

Logic Controller where every input is being red by the PLC and gives

signal to the appropriate actuator of the system. [1]




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Another research entitled Design and Control of Aquarium

Water Management System using Programmable Logic Controller

(PLC). The project consists of sensors that are controlled in the PLC.

Using Bluetooth or wireless wavelength it is able to control or connect

the PLC to a Personal Computer. Without the PLC or sensor, the

feedback of the system will affect the aquatic life in the aquarium. The

PLC will be the brain where it can control or be connected to hardware

application which will improve the water management system. [2]

The system proposal of Taufik Ibnu Salim et al, states that by

using an aeration in the form of micro bubble could monitor the water

quality of the aquaculture. The data processing is done by the raspberry

pi 3 which uses python programming language to create the program

acquisitions and the program viewer on the computer. The sensors

used are for reading stability and monitoring performance. Some water

quality that is monitored are the dissolved oxygen, pH quality and

temperature. [3]

Based on the project entitled Automatic Water Level Control

System, the proponents aim to develop a prototype of water level

control. The mechanism of this project is though conductive method to

measure the level. Each four level in tank has aluminum wires arranged

in ¼, ½, 3/4, and the whole levels in tank, the end of the wires are

contented to the Arduino. At the bottom of the tank there is a fifth wire

and its resistor are full down resistors. In the dry end of the wire it is

connected to 5V DC. So, when the water touches a particular wire it

connects to the 5V DC and because water has small conductivity. The

current flow will be converted into proportional voltage by the pull-down

resistor. Through the voltage drop across the resistors in each level of

the tank the data is receive by this how Arduino determined the water

level in tank. The buzzer and pump are connected to the digital output

pins of the Arduino. This is how their system for works it will start to the

with the sensing in sump tank if it is empty the buzzer will on and if it is

not empty it will sense water in tank with four sensors then it will go to

the microcontroller which is Arduino, the decision making is based in




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water level if tank full then motor off if motor on and results are

displayed to their display unit. [4]

From the research paper entitled An IOT based reference

architecture for smart water managing processes, the proponents

based their standards on a platform independent service – oriented

architecture called Object Linking and Embedding for Process Control

Unified Architecture (OPC UA). From this standard, the proponents

propose a smart water management model integrating IOT

technologies along with business process coordination and decision

support systems. [5]

According to a researched entitled Design and Implementation

of Aquarium Remote Automation Monitoring and Control System, this

study aims to improve the way on how human took care of their pet in

applying the technology using internet of things pet monitor system.

The system composition is composed of, control module, monitoring

module, video server, center server platform and client server. The

control module is assigned to in controlling the light equipment, oxygen

and filtering equipment in aquarium. All orders in control units are send

to the center server platform. Through the use of RS485 transparent

protocol it can upload the data from the temperature sensor to the

center server. There are two ways for system client to access system

using personal computer and mobile phone. In PC, they develop an

internet server based on the ASP technology on the center server, user

can access it by IE explores through internet. For mobiles, they design

an Android mobile operational system platform and can be access

through WI-FI or GPRS network. For the safety of user, the system has

user authentication and all operations will be access only allowed

persons only. [6]

In a research paper titled Android Based Smart Water Pump

Controller with Water Level Detection Technique, the author stated that

water filling using a pump can be a lot of work because the tank needs

to be manually checked by some personnel whether the tank is full or




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not. Water management must be accurate since the tank should not be

over flowing with water. The android application used here is to monitor

the data in the tank, and can be used to turn ON or OFF the pump. The

android is basically the controller of the whole system. [7]

Sukriti, Sanyam, and Indumathy stated that anIoT can be used

for continuously monitoring or maintaining the water supply using the

proposed mobile application. They also stated that the system reduces

the wastage of water and minimizing the manual work of the users. The

system uses a primitive alternative method that will alarm the user when

the water is at a critical level and it will be sent to the user and the user

can manually close the water tank. Using the Internet of Things, the

proponents would connect one machine to another machine via

wireless connection. [8]

According to the paper Water Tank Monitoring and Visualization

System Using Smart-Phones, a water tank system consists of a tank,

a valve and a pump. Each of the sensors from those different

components outputs the data and sends it to the user’s smart phone.

The author has stated two ways to get the data wirelessly to the smart

phone, it is either by the use of a TCP/IP socket communication or

through PHP webpage. Since TCP/IP socket communications gives

limits to monitoring and there could only be a one-to-one connection

from the system to the user. PHP uses a webpage where multiple users

can monitor the system and it can be accessed universally from any

type of smartphone. [9]

The paper of Jui-Ho Chen along with his co-authors, stated that

an automated water monitoring system would be establish for the fish

farm environment simulation. The authors also stated that the user with

a mobile phone could have complete control of the system especially

android devices. The monitoring system consists of a temperature,

dissolved oxygen, pH value and a water level sensing module. A low

power MSP430 series MCU is used as the core for each sensing

terminal device, it is also used to capture physical sensing device. Then




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the Zigbee wireless sensor network bring all the data to the processing

core where the Wi-Fi interface would get that data then deliver the

signal to the user’s phone. The power supply for the system could be

in various ways like battery cells, solar power, or an electric supply so

it will not be a high power consuming system. A UPS was used in the

system to make the system more secure, low cost and low power

consumption. [10]

Synthesis

According to this related review of literature for water level, the

proponents decided to have an automatic refilling water system as one

of the part of this research. Since it is automatic water refilling it is

important to have a water level parameter in order to have right amount

of water in the aquarium. According to the project Automatic Water

Level Control System they have four levels with conductive method to

measure water level, but since the proponents will have a water sensor,

the proponents will just have high level, normal or in critical level to the

desired level of water in the aquarium, which water sensor is connected

to the Raspberry Pi.




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Conceptual and Theoretical Framework

In this chapter, it shows the process the flow of the system for

Aquaculture Maintenance and Monitoring System for cold water

aquarium and how it works. It tackles the conceptual and theoretical

framework of the research. This is based in the previous chapter which

is review of related literature which is the research methods to develop

the present research. The chapter include the proposed design and the

software and hardware materials for the whole prototype.

Conceptual Framework

The study aims to have an automated water management and monitoring for aquarium. In order to build the system for water management the researchers used different sensor and microcontrollers that will be shown in this chapter.

AquariumWater Temperature

Water LevelWater Quality

Raspberry Pi/ArduinoTemperature SensorWater Level Sensor

Turbidity SensorFilter/Water Pump

IoTInternet

OutputAndroid

Application

Figure 1. Basic Concept Diagram

Figure 1 shows the methodology of the system above. The

hardware part of the system mostly consists of sensors that would measure the data such as the level, temperature and quality of the water inside the aquarium. The Raspberry Pi would be the core system of the project since all the gathered data is stored on the microcontrollers before it is sent through the Internet.




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Raspberry PiWater Level

Sensor

Water Pump

Temperature Sensor

Relay Module

Figure 2. Internal Components of the System

Figure 2 shows that all sensors are connected to the

microcontrollers and the water pump is connected to relay then relay is connected to microcontroller.

START

RASPBERRY PI

TEMERATURE SENSOR

(DS18B20)

MCP 3008 (ADC)

WATER LEVEL SENSOR

TEMP >= 38 C

NO

WATER PUMP ON

YES

WATER LEVEL = CRITICAL

NO

WATER PUMP ON

YES

Figure 3. Flowchart for the Water Management




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This figure shows how the sensors are connected to the microcontroller and how the sensors are connected with each other. The Raspberry pi will start then the temperature, water level sensor and turbidity will on. If the temperature sense that the temperature is higher or equal to 38 C then the water pump will on. Then if the water level sense that the water is in critical the water pump will also on.

RASPBERRY PI

COLLECT AND SEND DATA

FROM SENSORS

SERVER INPUT DATA TO DATABASE

Figure 4. Flowchart of the Database

Figure 4 shows how the microcontroller and gathered data from

sensors are inputted to the data base.

Proposed Design

Figure 5. Proposed Design of the System

As shown on figure 5 the proposed design of the system. The

Raspberry Pi microcontroller and the wirings of each device were configured to prevent getting wet but it is also covered with an enclosed box to increase protection for the core system. The sensors where inside the tank since it can be made water proof to get efficient data of the water levels and quality. The water pump is placed at 75% lower




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part of the aquarium since it is still needed 25% of water for the fish to swim when the pump dishes out the water.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Table 1. Initial Testing and Results

Table 1 shows the results of the initial testing performed by the

proponents.

Test 1 (November 29,2017)

Date/Time Temperature Water

Level

Pump

#1

Status

Pump

#2

Status

2017-11-29

10:30:24 (A.M.) 26.528 C Normal OFF OFF

2017-11-29

11:30:25 (A.M.) 27.317 C

Above

Normal OFF OFF

2017-11-29

12:30:27 (P.M.) 29.590 C Critical ON OFF

2017-11-29

1:30:28 (P.M.) 30.735 C Normal ON ON

2017-11-29

2:30:29 (P.M.) 28.189 C Critical ON OFF

2017-11-29

3:30:31 (P.M.) 27.706 Normal OFF OFF




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Table 2. Final Testing and Results

Table 2 shows the results of the final testing of the system performed by the proponents

Test 2 (November 30,2017)

Date/Time Temperature Water

Level

Pump

#1

Status

Pump

#2

Status

2017-11-

30

11:30:24

(A.M.)

26.878 C Normal OFF OFF

2017-11-

30

12:30:25

(P.M.)


2017-11-

30 1:30:27

(P.M.)

29.129 C Critical ON OFF

2017-11-

30 2:30:28

(P.M.)


2017-11-

30 3:30:29

(P.M.)





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CONCLUSION

The system was made and developed by the researchers to manage and monitor the water in aquarium using microcontroller such as Raspberry Pi in order to make the automation happen. With the given parameter through the sensor’s data the system worked properly and give an accurate result for the water management. With the positioning of the sensor’s it is important that the sensors are attached with the water so that the record is proper. Since the system deals with the water there are still some components that need to be protected such as the microcontrollers that needs to be isolated and covered, another is some part of the sensor needs to be covered. Through the use of PHP server the user of this system can monitor the water management.

RECOMMENDATIONS

In recommendation for future innovators of this project, the proponents would like to suggest that another water level sensor and temperature sensor should be provided to give more accurate and conditional results. The added water level sensor must be used to measure the level of the water below normal level and the added temperature sensor must be used to measure the temperature which is below the standards given by the proponents and must be relative to the conditions to be made




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REFERENCES [1] Adarsh Kaimal (2017). Smart Aquarium. IOSR Journal of Electrical

and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE). [2] M.Z.A Rashid (2012). Design and Control of Aquarium Water

Management System using Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR).

[3] Taufik Ibnu Salim (2016) Design and implementation of water quality monitoring for eel fish aquaculture. International Symposium on Electronics and Smart Devices (ISESD).

[4] Asaad Ahmed Mohammedahmed Eltaieb (2013). Automatic Water Level Control System. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR).

[5] Tomas Robles (2015). An IoT based reference architecture for smart water management processes.

[6] Yinchi Ma, Wen Ding (2013) Design and Implementation of Aquarium Remote Automation Monitoring and Control System. 7th International Conference on Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture (CCTA).

[7] Souvik Paul (2015). Android Based Smart Water Pump Controller with Water Level Detection Technique. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering.

[8] Sukriti (2016). IoT based Smart Irrigation and Tank Monitoring System. International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering.

[9] Haesung Tak (2013). Water Tank Monitoring and Visualization System Using Smart-Phones. International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing.

[10] Jui-Ho Chen, Wen-Tsai Sung, Guo-Yan Lin(2015), " Automated Monitoring System for the Fish Farm Aquaculture Environment", Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), 2015 IEEE International Conference

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