APUSH Unit 07; Ch. 22-24: The 1920s, Great Depression, and WWII

APUSH Unit 07; Ch. 22-24: The 1920s, Great Depression, and WWII

VOCABULARY“On Margin”

“Red Scare” of 1919Sacco and VanzettiEmergency QuotaImmigration ActVolstead Act18th AmendmentBootlegging“Speakeasies”St. Valentine’s DayJohn Dewey Scopes Monkey TrialAndrew MellonBabe” RuthJack DempseyFrederick W. TaylorKitty HawkCharles LindberghThe Jazz SingerMargaret SangerMarcus GarveyAndrew Mellon

Ch. 22: Wrestling w/ Modernity I.A. Insulating America1. Amer returns to isol

2. Reject radical ideas3. SFI

1. Red Scare helps big bus2. Curb unions

3. SFI2. Sacco and Vanzetti

3. SFI B. Hooded Hoodlums1. Growth of KKK - 1920's

3. SFI

C. Stemming the Foreign Flood1. Amer Isolationism 1920's

3. SFI

D. The Prohibition “Experiment”1. 1919 - 18th amen = prohib

3. SFI

1. Prohibitionists 2. Trad / weak cen gov

3. SFI E. Golden Age of Gangsterism1. Prohibition caused crime

3. SFI

F. Monkey Business in Tennessee1. Edu theory - John Dewey

3. SFI1. Advances in science

3. SFI1. Evol destroyed faith

3. SFI1. Scopes Trial

3. SFIII.G. Mass-Consumption Economy1. “Roaring 20's” = prosperity

2. Sports 3. SFI

2. Credit - pay later 3. SFI


VOCABULARY“On Margin”

“Red Scare” of 1919Sacco and VanzettiEmergency QuotaImmigration ActVolstead Act18th AmendmentBootlegging“Speakeasies”St. Valentine’s DayJohn Dewey Scopes Monkey TrialAndrew MellonBabe” RuthJack DempseyFrederick W. TaylorKitty HawkCharles LindberghThe Jazz SingerMargaret SangerMarcus GarveyAndrew Mellon

H. Putting America Tires1. 1920’s auto changes soc

2. Freedom + status2. Changing leisure events2. Women gained indep

1. Other changes2. Buses - mass transit2. Consolidation of schools2. Suburbs – commuting2. Auto deaths2. Less family cohesion2. Crime - getaway cars2. Breakdown of morals

I. Humans develop Wings1. Kittyhawk, NC 12/17/03

3. SFI1. 1927 - Charles Lindbergh

3. SFI

J. The Radio Revolution1. Commun + changing soc

3. SFI

K. Hollywood’s Fantasies1. 1890's - Edison - moving

pics2. Effects of movies

3. SFI

L. Literary Liberation1. Explored new morality

2. F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1920

2. Theodore Dreiser - 1925

2. Ernest Hemmingway2. Sherwood Anderson2. Sinclair Lewis2. William Faulkner2. Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot,

Robert Frost - poets2. Eugene O’Neill 2. Frank Lloyd Wright

III.M. “Old Guard” Returns1. Warren G. Harding – 1920

3. SFI


VOCABULARYHarry M. DaughertyAdkins v. Children’s Hospital Esch-Cummins Act Railway Labor BoardAdjusted CompensationFrank B. KelloggFordney-McCumberTeapot Dome ScandalMcNary-Haugen Bill“Planned economy”Federal Farm BoardHawley-Smoot Tariff“Hoovervilles”Rugged IndivRecon Finance CorpNorris-La GuardiaBonus Army

N. GOP Reaction1. Pro business conserv

3. SFI1. Sup Court conser

3. SFI

O. Aftermath of War1. Removes gov controls of bus1. Cong helps veterans

2. Veterans’ Bureau 19202. American Legion 1919

1. How to make peace2. Rejected Versailles

3. SFI

P Washington Conference1. Call for disarmament

2. Disarmament Conf 1921

3. SFI2. Hughes - 10 yr

“holiday”3. SFI

2. Five-Power Treaty 19223. SFI

2. Illusory 3. SFI

Q. Hiking the Tariff Higher1. Raised 32 times in 6 yrs.

3. SFI

R. Stench of Scandal1. Scandal

2. 1923 Veterans’ Bureau

3. SFI2. Teapot Dome 1923

3. SFI2. 1924 – Dougherty

3. SFI

S. Calvin Coolidge1. Supports status quo

3. SFI

T. Frustrated Farmers1. Boom + bust

3. SFI1. Midwest = depression 1920's

3. SFI1. “Farm bloc”

3. SFI



U. A Three-Way Race in 19241. Demos divided

3. SFI1. New Progressive party

2. nom Robert La Follette 3. SFI

V. Foreign-Policy1. Cool remains isol

2. US refuses World Court 3. SFI

1. Exception2. Carribean

3. SFI1. Biggest prob

2. debts, repar2. 1922 = $16 bil creditor

1. US wants repayment 3. SFI

IV. W. Unraveling the Debt Knot1. Germany

2. Currency inflated 3. SFI

X. Triumph of Herbert Hoover1. Preached rugg indiv

3. SFI1. No “planned econ”

3. SFI Y. Hoover’s First Moves1. Farmers and laborers

3. SFI

Z. The Crash1. Crash - 10/29/29 “Black Tues”

3. SFI2. Shockwaves

3. SFI

AA. Hooked on Plenty1. Deeper causes of Great Dep

2. Over produc2. Profits in hands of

few2. Poor economies

abroad2. Hawley-Smoot2. Drought 1930



BB. Rugged Times1. Tough choice

2. Rug indiv or socialism3. SFI

2. Trickle-down econ3. SFI

CC. Herbert Hoover1. Hoover’s projects

2. $2.25 bil in aid3. SFI

2. Hoover Dam 19303. SFI

2. Reconstruction Finance Corporation 1932

3. SFI

DD. Routing the Bonus Army1. Veterans - hard hit

3. SFI1. Vets march on Wash

2. Bonus Expeditionary 3. SFI

EE. Japanese Attack China1. Jap steals Manchuria 1931

3. SFI FF. Good Neighbor Policy1. Improve Lat Amer relat

3. SFI

GENERAL CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION

1. Lack of government regulation on business• Massive Consumer production • Over advertisement • Consumption could not keep pace.• Anti labor legislations• Propping up failed businesses (Railroad) – Esch-Cummins

2. Government corruption and theft 3. Worldwide overproduction. Dragged down world economy. 4. Debt Knot

• Loans to pay previous loans, reparations, and stock market investments.• Germany inflates currency to pay off loads. (Pays back in depreciated

currency.) 5. Tariff policy

• Raise tariffs to promote prosperity and punish Europe 6. Lack of government regulation on banking

• Permitting ‘Buying on Margin’• Loaning beyond bank reserves

7. Lack of government regulation on stock market

• Greed and stock watering


VOCABULARYWagner ActFair Labor StandardsKeynesianHatch ActTennessee Valley AuthorityEleanor RooseveltBanking ReliefGlass-SteagallFederal Emergency Relief Act Harry HopkinsHuey P. LongFrancis E. TownsendFrances PerkinsSchechter decisionFather CoughlinAgricultural Adjustment Act Frazier-Lemke FarmSecurities Exchange

Ch. 23: Great Depression I.A. FDR in a Wheelchair1. Franklin Delano Roosevelt

3. SFI1. Eleanor Roosevelt

3. SFI1. Campaign prom

2. Repeal prohib2. End dep2. Bal budget2. Soc and eco reform

B. Presidential Hopefuls of 19321. Hoover claims FDR = deeper

dep3. SFI

C. Humiliation of Hoover 19321. Hoover loses big

2. Blacks to demo2. No trickle down2. Hoover as lame duck

3. SFI

D. FDR and the Three R’s1. Inaug 3/4/33

3. SFI1. “Banking Holiday”

3. SFI1. New Deal = relief, recov, ref

3. SFI E. Roosevelt Tackles Banking1. Emerg Banking Relief Act 1933

3. SFI1. FDR’s “Fireside Chats”

3. SFI1. Glass-Steagall Act

3. SFI1. Orders surren of gold

3. SFI1. Managed economy

3. SFI1. Inflates dollar

3. SFI1. International finance

2. Keeps gold – pay debts

3. SFI



F. Creating Jobs for the Jobless1. Prime the pump

3. SFI1. Hundred Days

2. Civ Conser Corps (CCC)3. SFI

2. Fed Emerg Relief Admin (FERA)

3. SFI2. Civil Works Adm (CWA)

3. SFI1. Unempl remains high

3. SFI1. Works Progress Admin 1935

2. $11 bill - bridges, roads3. SFI

2. Jobs to artists 3. SFI

II.G. Industry and Labor1. More complex legislation

2. Nat Recov Admin (NRA)3. SFI

1. NRA required sacrif2. Stim nationalism

3. SFI 2. Schechter case

3. SFI1. Public Works Admin (PWA)

2. $4 bil on proj3. SFI

H. Paying Farmers Not to Farm1. Overproduc/low prices

2. Debts – foreclosures3. SFI

1. Farm legis - Emerg Cong2. Agric Adjus Act (AAA)

3. SFI2. Sup Court 1936

3. SFI2. Soil Conservation Act

3. SFI

I. Dust Bowls1. Frazier-Lemke Act 1934

3. SFI



J. Battling Banks + Big Business1. Emerg Cong bank legis

2. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

3. SFI

K. The TVA1. Tennessee Valley Authority

1933 3. SFI

L. Housing and Social Security1. Federal Housing Admin 1934

3. SFI1. Social Security Act 1935

3. SFI

III.M. Unskilled Labor1. NRA help org labor

3. SFI1. Wagner Act 1935

3. SFI

N. Roosevelt “Coddling” Labor1. US Steel caves in

2. Avoid costly strike3. SFI

1. Fair Labor Standards Act 1938

2. Max hours; min wage2. Forbid labor under 16

O. Landon Challenges in 19361. Demos ran on New Deal

3. SFI1. Rep nom Alfred M. Landon

2. Bal budget2. Anti-New Deal

coalition3. SFI

1. FDR landslide win2. Southern coalition

3. SFI2. Immig vote

3. SFI



P. Nine on the Supreme Bench1. FDR 2nd term

2. 20th amend 19333. SFI

2. Mandate?3. SFI

1. New Deal defeats2. Ultraconserv court

3. SFI2. New Deal = socialist?

3. SFI1. Court packing

3. SFI Q. The Court Changes Course1. Court sides w/ New Deal

2. FDR = dictatorial?3. SFI

1. Full pay for retired justices3. SFI

R. The Twilight of the New Deal1. No banish dep

3. SFI

1. 1937 - second mini dep3. SFI

1. FDR turns to Keynes3. SFI

1. FDR makes gov more efficient

2. Creation of Exec Office3. SFI

2. Reorganization Act 3. SFI

1. Cong controls power of pres

2. Hatch Act 19393. SFI

S. New Deal or Raw Deal?1. How successful was FDR?

2. Waste, incompet2. Bureaucracy2. No balanced budget2. $20 bil in 6 yrs. - few jobs2. Farm surpluses remained

1. Big bus upset2. Class conflict2. Planned econ2. States’ rights curbed


VOCABULARYLondon ConferenceCordell HullReciprocal TradeJohnson Debt DefaultMerchants of DeathNye CommitteeNeutrality ActsQuarantine SpeechPanayTotalitarianismAppeasementNonaggression PactCash and CarryAtlantic CharterWinston Churchill16. America First CommitteeDestroyer-Base DealWendell WilkieLend-Lease LawPearl Harbor

Ch. 24: World War II I.A. The London Conference1. Foreign linked w/ domes pol

3. SFI1. FDR recog Soviet Union – 1933

3. SFI1. SU concessions

3. SFI

B. Freedom For Filipinos1. Dep helps the Philippines

2. Expensive for US3. SFI

2. Magnet for Jap3. SFI

2. Applauded by anti-imp3. SFI

C. Good Neighborism 1. 1932 - Good Neighbor Policy

3. SFI1. 1934 - marines left Haiti

3. SFI

1. 1934 - Cuba no Platt Amend

3. SFI1. Test to GN policy

2. Mexico3. SFI

1. Results of G.N. Policy2. New era

3. SFI2. US bus interests hurt

3. SFI

D. Reciprocal Trade Agreements1. Dep relief - stim trade

3. SFI1. Recip w/ 21 nations – 1939 E. Storm-Cellar Isolationism1. Growth of totalitarianism

3. SFI1. Soviet communism

2. Josef Stalin3. SFI



1. Fascism2. Mussolini - 1922 – Italy

3. SFI2. Adolf Hitler - 1933 – Gr

3. SFI1. Hitler

2. Dep, national disgrace, and Versailles to unite people

3. SFI2. seized control of Weimar

3. SFI2. 1936 - Rome-Berlin Axis

3. SFI1. Japan

2. demanded more space3. SFI

2. Angry Portsmouth, Sino-Jap War, and Open Door

3. SFI2. 1934 - termin Washington Naval Treaty

3. SFI

II. F. Congress Legislates

Neutrality1. Amer blames WWI on manuf

2. Merchants of Death3. SFI

1. Neutrality Acts of 1935,36,37

2. Aband freedom of seas

3. SFI G. America Dooms Spain1. Spanish Civil War 1939-40

2. dress rehearsal for WWII

3. SFI

H. Appeasing Jap and Germany1. Tensions in Far East

2. Jap attacks Beijing 1937

2. 1937 Quarantine Speech

3. SFI1. 1937 – Jap sinks Panay

3. SFI1. Hitler viol Versailles:

3. SFI



I. Hitlerian Belligerency1. Non-Aggression Pact

3. SFI2. West declares war –

19393. SFI

2. US declares neutral3. SFI

2. “cash-and-carry” 3. SFI

1. US gains2. $ through weapons

sales 2. moral position

J. Aftermath of the Fall of France1. Phony War = inaction after

Pol2. West mobilizing

3. SFI1. 4/40 - Hit resumes

3. SFI2. Churchill becomes PM2. conscription law 9/6/402. US takes over Euro

colon3. SFI

K. Bolstering Britain 19401. US aban neutrality

3. SFI1. America First Committee

3. SFI1. Bases for destroyers

3. SFI

L. FDR Shatters Two-Term1. FDR’s elec strategy

2. Prom non-interv3. SFI

M. Lend-Lease Law1. Br in finan trouble

3. SFI1. Lend-Lease Act

2. US = Arsenal of democ

3. SFIIII.N. Hitler’s Assault on Russia1. Hit double crosses Stal - 1939

3. SFI



1. 1941 - Atlantic Charter signed

3. SFI O. Destroyers and U-Boats Clash1. US weapons on Br ships

2. Amer convoy3. SFI

1. 9/1941 - US Greer sunk by sub

2. FDR - shoot on sight3. SFI

1. 11/1941 - amend neutral acts

2. arms merchant ships3. SFI

2. can enter combat zones 3. SFI

P. Pearl Harbor1. Unexpected attack

2. 9/1940 – Jap - Gr ally3. SFI

2. War in China stalemated

3. SFI

2. Jap attacks for resources

3. SFI2. US cracked Jap code

3. SFI1. 12/7/1941 - attack Pearl”

2. Destroyed US Pac fleet

3. SFI2. GR/It declare war

3. SFI1. US dilemma

2. Wanted neutrality, eco freedom, and demo

3. SFI

Q. Allies Trade Space for Time1. US mobilizes

2. Get Hirohito First 3. SFI

2. Huge indus3. SFI

2. Feed, clothe, arm3. SFI


VOCABULARYABC-1 agreementKorematusu v. USVE DayWar Labor BoardSmith-Connally Anti-Strike Act Battle of Iwo JimaPotsdam Conference“Kamikazes”Harry S. TrumanCongress of Racial EqualityChiang Kai ShekDouglas MacarthurMidway Island Battle of Coral Sea“Leapfrogging”“The Desert Fox”El AlameinCasablanca EisenhowerD-Day

R. The Shock of War1. No isol or immig dissent

3. SFI1. Japanese war hyst

3. SFI1. Jobs not idealism

3. SFIIV.S. Building the War Machine1. Military orders

2. War Industries Board 3. SFI

T. Manpower and Womanpowar1. 15 mil men + 216,000

women2. WAACs; WAVES

3. SFI 2. Draft increases in 1942

3. SFI2. 1942 – Mex labor

3. SFI1. Women enter the factories

3. SFI

1. Demographic shifts in US2. Out of US

3. SFI2. Rural to urban

3. SFI2. South to north

3. SFI2. Blacks to N

3. SFI1. Racial mixing + tension

2. minorities w/ jobs3. SFI

U. Holding the Home Front1. Little suffering

2. 1946 - price controls lifted

3. SFI1. War led to big-gov

3. SFI1. War, not New Deal ends dep

3. SFI



V. The Rising Sun in the Pacific1. Jap needs to win quickly

3. SFI1. Philippines

3. SFI

W. Japan’s High Tide at Midway1. Jap pushes south

2. New Guinea 3. SFI

2. Jap as far as Aleutian Isl3. SFI

1. Battle of Midway 6/3-6/423. SFI

X. American Leapfrogging1. US seizes initiative

3. SFI1. Scales tipping

2. US subs 3. SFI

1. Leapfrogging strat2. Two purposes

3. SFI

V.Y. Halting Hitler1. Early setbacks

2. Hit had modern subs3. SFI

1. Land war turns 19422. Br raid Cologne

3. SFI2. North African

campaign3. SFI

2. Montgom at El Alamein

3. SFI 2. War on Eastern front

3. SFIZ. North Africa1. Diversion - pull GR off Rus

3. SFI1. Attack on N. Afr

3. SFI AA. Road to Rome1. 1/43 - Casablanca Conf

2. Big 2 plan It invas3. SFI



1. Allied attack on “underbelly” 2. 8/43 - Sicily falls

3. SFI2. Gr troops in It resist

3. SFI

BB. Eisenhower’s D-Day Invasion1. Big 3 meet in Teheran

11/1/432. Coordinate D-Day

3. SFI CC. Roosevelt Defeats Dewey1. Dewey smears FDR

3. SFI1. FDR used new CIO

2. pushed dep and war record

3. SFI

DD. Last Days of Hitler1. 12/44 - FDR’s elec vict

2. GR devas3. SFI

1. 12/44 - Battle of Bulge3. SFI

1. Allies resume advance2. 4/45 - reach

Rhineland3. SFI

2. Concentration camps3. SFI

2. Allies invade Berlin3. SFI

1. 4/12/45 - FDR dies3. SFI

VI.EE. Japan Dies Hard1. Tru has resp to end Pacif

front3. SFI

1. Jap effort over2. US subs sank 1,042

ships3. SFI

2. Bombing raids in Jap3. SFI

1. Mac heads for Philipp3. SFI

1. Iwa Jima 3/452. 25 day - 4000 US cas

3. SFI



FF. Atomic Awfulness1. Invas of Jap

3. SFI1. Potsdam Conference - 6/45

2. Tru met Stalin3. SFI

1. Manhattan Proj - 7/16/453. SFI

1. Jap - no surr2. 8/6/45 - Enola Gay

3. SFI2. 2 days later, Stalin

enters3. SFI

2. 8/9 – Nagasaki3. SFI

2. US Missouri 3. SFI

GG. The Allies Triumphant1. War = very costly

2. US = 1 mil cas3. SFI

1. US blossomed2. resourceful, tough2. great milit leadership2. polit lead2. great indus

APUSH Unit 07; Ch. 22-24: The 1920s, Great Depression, and WWII

Documents

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