APUSH Content Review #3

APUSH Content Review #3

4.Jeffersonian to Monroe & the Era of Good Feelings

5.Jacksonian Democracy; Antebellum America

6.Manifest Destiny & Sectionalism

Jeffersonian & Jacksonian Democracy

Review

Which of the following does NOT describe the Louisiana Purchase of 1803?

1. the United States doubled in size 2. French power expanded in the

Western Hemisphere 3. Jefferson expanded the powers of

the presidency 4. the treaty of cession left some of the

boundaries vague

Between 1806 and 1809, non-importation, non-intercourse, & embargo acts sought to:1. bring peace between France and

Great Britain 2. balance Southern and Northern

economic power 3. forced Great Britain to recognize

American rights 4. help Britain in the Napoleonic Wars

The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823 was prompted by

1. the Russian annexation of Alaska 2. President Monroe's hope to increase

his popularity in time for re-election 3. the fear of European attempts to

restore colonial rule in Latin America4. continuing British intervention in

Latin American affairs

As a result of the "Corrupt Bargain" 1. Henry Clay's American System

suffered a crushing defeat 2. the Monroe Doctrine was approved3. the Bank of the US was established 4. John Quincy Adams became

president

In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court declared that

1. Congress lacked the power to charter a national bank

2. the state of Maryland was superior to the United States

3. a state cannot tax an agency of the federal government

4. a college had a right to a charter

The War Hawks were 1. mostly from New England 2. eager for war against Napoleon in

order to gain the Louisiana Territory3. supporters of the American System 4. from the West & South who wanted

to take Canada from Britain

A consequence of the Hartford Convention

1. helped to cause the death of the Federalist Party

2. resulted in the rise of states' rights3. called for southern secession from

the Union4. supported use of state militias

against the British

In the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the War of 1812

1. most U.S. demands were satisfied 2. the issues that had led to war were

finally resolved 3. nothing was settled beyond a

restoration of the prewar status quo4. Britain agreed to end the

impressment of American seamen

All of the following were provisions of Clay's "American System" EXCEPT

1. high tariffs to protect infant industries2. federal funding for internal

improvements3. assumption of state debts by the

national government 4. a national bank with state branches

The "Lowell System" refers to 1. employment of young women who

were then housed in dormitories 2. an early American labor union 3. a business organization with limited

liability for its owners 4. chattel slavery

Developments in transportation usually occurred in the following order

1. railroads --> canals --> turnpikes 2. turnpikes --> canals --> steamboats 3. turnpikes --> canals --> railroads 4. canals --> turnpikes --> railroads

The Erie Canal revolutionized domestic markets because it permitted the

1. shipment of wheat from Chicago to the Pacific Northwest

2. transfer of goods from New York to New Orleans along canals

3. movement of cotton from the Deep South to New England

4. transport of gold from California to the east coast

Which pair is incorrectly matched 1. Samuel Slater -- standardized rifles 2. Eli Whitney -- cotton gin 3. James Watt -- steam engine4. Robert Fulton -- steamboat

Women and immigrants in the factory system were similar because they both

1. were able to organize labor unions successfully

2. were powerless to affect pay rates or working conditions

3. saw conditions in their factories slowly improve

4. found opportunities for rapid improvement

Marshall's decisions in Fletcher v. Peck and Dartmouth v. Woodward dealt with the 1. enforcement of federal law in the

territories 2. right of Indians to control their lands3. sale of publicly held frontier lands4. protection of contracts from violation

by state governments

Jacksonian Democrats favored all of the following EXCEPT

1. rotation in office 2. universal suffrage for white males 3. the caucus system of nominating

candidates 4. presidential electors being chosen

by popular vote

The chief weapon used by Andrew Jackson in his dispute with the National Bank was

1. paying government debts from tariff revenue only

2. his decision to print more money 3. the support of the Supreme Court in

voiding the bank's charter4. to deposit government money in

state banks

Which policy was adopted in the 1820s and 1830s towards Native Americans?

1. the removal of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi

2. the establishment of reservations in various sections of the country

3. the forced migration of Indians to territories owned by Mexico

4. the assimilation of Native Americans and granting citizenship

Andrew Jackson's remark, John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce

it, refers to the president's intention to 1. destroy the National Bank 2. make South Carolina obey federal

laws that the state thought unconstitutional

3. move the Cherokees west of the Mississippi River

4. defeat the tariff of 1832

The Oneida Community 1. advocated "free love" to redefine

gender roles 2. called for celibacy and attracted

members of conversion 3. believed it liberated women from the

traditional bonds of family 4. was widely accepted by Americans

After 1830, which reform movement began to overshadow the others?

1. antislavery 2. women's rights 3. temperance 4. prison and penal reform

Which does NOT characterize the early 19c Second Great Awakening?

1. extreme displays of emotion 2. increased interest in social reforms

such as the temperance movement 3. acceptance of slavery as ordained

by God 4. extensive involvement by women

and African-Americans

1. George Washington

2. John Adams

3. Thomas Jefferson

4. James Madison

5. James Monroe

6. John Q. Adams

7. Andrew Jackson

■ As the 1st president, Washington established important precedents:–Gave legitimacy to the

new American gov’t –Created the 1st cabinet;

Hamilton’s financial plan; Whiskey Rebellion

–Precedents: 2 terms, commitment to keep the U.S. out of foreign wars, & avoid political parties

1. George Washington

2. John Adams

3. Thomas Jefferson

4. James Madison

5. James Monroe

6. John Q. Adams

7. Andrew Jackson

■ Political parties limited the Adams’ presidency:–Federalists led by

Hamilton (strong gov’t)–Dem-Republicans led by

Jefferson (strong states)■ Appointed John Marshall to

the Supreme Court:–Marbury v Madison case

created judicial review–The courts can overturn

Congress or the president

The Supreme Court (judicial branch) became an equal partner with the executive and legislative branches

1. George Washington

2. John Adams

3. Thomas Jefferson

4. James Madison

5. James Monroe

6. John Q. Adams

7. Andrew Jackson

■ Jefferson’s election marked the “Revolution of 1800”—a new party took over

■ Louisiana Purchase, Lewis & Clark, Barbary Wars, Embargo Act of 1807

1. George Washington

2. John Adams

3. Thomas Jefferson

4. James Madison

5. James Monroe

6. John Q. Adams

7. Andrew Jackson

■ The War of 1812 broke out between England & USA over trade rights in Europe

1. George Washington

2. John Adams

3. Thomas Jefferson

4. James Madison

5. James Monroe

6. John Q. Adams

7. Andrew Jackson

■ Era of Good Feelings■ Monroe Doctrine (1823)

warned European nations to stay out of the Western Hemisphere & US will not interfere in Europe

1. George Washington

2. John Adams

3. Thomas Jefferson

4. James Madison

5. James Monroe

6. John Q. Adams

7. Andrew Jackson

■ Jackson was a different kind of president:–Democratic Party was

formed after the “corrupt bargain” in 1824 (vs JQA)

–“Common man” in an era when voting rights were extended to all white men

–Extended spoils system, nullification crisis, used veto, killed 2nd BUS

–Indian Removal Act (1830) & Trail of Tears in 1838

Manifest Destiny & Sectionalism

Review

The prominent issue in national politics in the 1840s was

1. the abolition of slavery 2. the temperance movement 3. the creation of a new national bank 4. the westward expansion of U. S.

territory

Manifest Destiny led to all of the following EXCEPT:

1. war with Mexico 2. increased sectional conflict over

slavery 3. the annexation of Texas 4. the decline of the Democratic party

The application for California statehood caused turmoil in Congress because

1. it would upset the balance between slave and free states in the Senate

2. Democrats would allow no more slave states into the Union

3. Whigs would allow no more free states into the Union

4. Whigs feared it would lead to war with Mexico

Had it passed, the Wilmot Proviso would have

1. divided Texas into five slave states 2. prohibited slavery in any territory

won from Mexico 3. extended the Missouri Compromise

line to the Pacific 4. given legal sanction to the doctrine

of popular sovereignty

The term "Cult of Domesticity" refers to

1. the idealization of women in their roles as wives and mothers

2. part of the Salem witchcraft trials 3. the Shakers, a religious sect

founded by Mother Ann Lee 4. Slavery as benevolent paternalism

The Know-Nothing Party 1. wanted to limit the rights of freed

slaves in the South 2. backed the early efforts of unskilled

workers to form unions 3. supported the claims of farmers

against the railroads 4. demanded an end to immigration

into the United States

Manufacturing in the Old South lagged behind that in the North because

1. slavery was incompatible with industry

2. Southern whites cared more about prestige than profits

3. the South lacked important natural resources

4. cotton was more profitable

The Nat Turner Rebellion taught white southerners that

1. slave insurrections were an ever-present threat

2. gradual emancipation was inevitable 3. slaves should not be allowed to

work in cities 4. slaves should not be allowed to

read the Bible

Antislavery sentiment underlay the formation in 1840 of the

1. Democratic Party 2. Union Party 3. Liberty Party 4. Know-Nothing Party

The American Colonization Society was an antislavery organization that

1. advocated racial equality 2. favored immediate emancipation 3. advocated the forced shipment of

freed slaves to Africa 4. relied upon governmental action to

end slavery

The split in the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1840 was over the issue of the

1. colonization of freed blacks in Africa 2. right of blacks to speak in racially

mixed gatherings 3. right of women to participate in the

antislavery society 4. role of blacks and women in the

antislavery movement

Many Southerners supported the Compromise of 1850 because it

1. made the number of free states and slave states equal

2. legalized slavery in all the newly acquired territories

3. provided for the possible creation of five states out of Texas

4. allowed the return of fugitive slaves

By allowing slavery north of 36º 30', the Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the

1. Dred Scott decision2. Missouri Compromise 3. Compromise of 1850 4. Northwest Ordinance

Popular sovereignty sought to 1. allow blacks to vote in the Kansas-

Nebraska territories 2. force the Supreme Court to rule on

slavery's constitutionality 3. forbid masters from returning

runaway slaves to the South 4. let the residents determine their own

laws on slavery through elections

When the Supreme Court ruled in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) that the Missouri

Compromise (1820) was an unconstitutional, the court was exercising

1. judicial review 2. impeachment procedures 3. original jurisdiction 4. a check on the executive branch of

government

The 1860 Republican Party platform favored all of the following EXCEPT?:

1. construction of a transcontinental railroad

2. protective tariffs 3. the abolition of slavery.4. free homesteads

The new Republican party 1. quickly won voter support in the

South in the 1854 & 1855 elections 2. prospered because of Northern

outrage over "Bleeding Kansas“3. won the presidency the first time it

fielded a national ticket4. advocated popular sovereignty to

defuse the issue of slavery

Abraham Lincoln opposed the Crittenden Compromise because

1. he opposed the expansion of slavery in the territories

2. it allowed popular sovereignty to be overridden in the states

3. its adoption might provoke Kentucky to leave the Union

4. he felt bound by President Buchanan's earlier rejection of it

Manifest Destiny & the Sectional Crisis

As America expanded West, problems grew between the North & South over

issues of slavery and states’ rights

Territorial Expansion by Mid-19th Century

Louisiana •In 1803, Jefferson bought Louisiana from France

By the early 1800s, the many believed that the USA had a “Manifest Destiny”—the right to claim

all lands from the Atlantic to the Pacific

Territorial Expansion by Mid-19th CenturyTexas•In 1845, Texas became a U.S. state but dispute with Mexico over its borders led to the Mexican-American War

The Mexican-American WarMexican Cession•The U.S. gained the present-day SW after winning the Mexican-American War

Territorial Expansion by Mid-19th CenturyOregon

• The U.S. gained Oregon from England

California•The discovery of gold in California led to a gold rush in 1849

Key Abolitionists

Frederick Douglass was a

former slave who fought to abolish slavery

William Lloyd Garrison, editor

of the newspaper The Liberator, fought to abolish

slavery.

Harriet Tubman led the Underground Railroad

Missouri Compromise, 1820-1821

The Compromise of 1850

CA admitted as a free state

Popular sovereignty would decide slavery in

Utah & New Mexico

A stronger Fugitive Slave Law was

created to appease the South

Ended the slave trade in Washington DC (but not slavery)

The Path to the Civil War■ Despite these compromises,

hostilities between the North & South got worse in the late 1850s–The Dred Scott Supreme Court

decision declared that slaves were property, not citizens

–Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe showed Americans how bad slavery was

–Lincoln’s election in 1860 scared many Southerners who believed Lincoln would make slavery illegal

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