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Do Now
1. Grab an iPad
2. Navigate to apushrevolution.weebly.com
3. Click “Assignments”4. Under “3/7: The Civil Rights Movement”,
follow the link to the Speed Matching
Game5. Play the game
6. Set up your notes
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Notes
3/7/2016The Civil Rights Movement (1950s – 60s)
Key Terms:
• ideology: a system of ideas or beliefs, usually
the basis of a political theory or philosophy
• civil disobedience: refusing to comply with
certain laws as an act of peaceful protest
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Announcements
• Benchmark Wednesday
• Review at tutorials – Tuesday, 4 to 5
• Quiz Tracker
http://localhost/var/www/apps/APUSH/APUSH%20Quiz%20Scores%20(Autosaved).xlsxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/APUSH/APUSH%20Quiz%20Scores%20(Autosaved).xlsxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/APUSH/APUSH%20Quiz%20Scores%20(Autosaved).xlsx
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Jim Crow
• Laws restricting Southern blacks’ rights after
reconstruction
– Public segregation
– Poll taxes, literacy requirements limited voting rights
• Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) – allowed segregation
& established “separate but equal” doctrine
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Civil Rights Organizations
• Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
• National Urban League (NUL)
• National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People (NAACP)
• Organizations had successfully lobbied for anti-
discrimination executive orders from FDR &
Truman
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Brown v. Board
• Earl Warren – liberal Republican
appointed as Chief Justice of
Supreme Court by Eisenhower
(1953)• NAACP funded legal challenges to
segregation laws, led by lawyer
Thurgood Marshall
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Brown v. Board
• SCOTUS unanimously overturned
Plessy v. Ferguson – segregation is
inherently unequal (1954)
• Southern intransigence – – Massive resistance: Senator Byrd’s (VA)
plan closed schools instead of letting them
integrate
– Little Rock Nine: Orval Faubus, governor of Arkansas, stopped integration of Little Rock
Central High School – integration protected
by federal troops sent by Eisenhower
– Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oodolEmUg2ghttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oodolEmUg2ghttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oodolEmUg2g
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
• Rosa Parks arrested for refusing to
give up her seat
• Black ministers organize the
Montgomery Improvement
Association (MIA) and organize a
bus boycott
• Supreme Court agrees with Park’s
case – buses desegregated
• Black ministers, led by Martin
Luther King, Jr., organize Southern
Christian Leadership Conference
(1957) to continue fighting
segregation
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Sit-Ins
• 1960, spontaneous civil disobedience –
students in Greensboro, North Carolina
asked to be served at Woolworth’s whites-
only lunch counter
• Hundreds participate in sit-ins across the
country
• Woolworth’s desegregates lunch counters
• Video: “The Butler”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5aAhGGY6Dechttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5aAhGGY6Dechttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5aAhGGY6Dec
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March on Washington
• 1961 – CORE organizes “freedom rides” –
whites and blacks riding buses together across
South – hundreds arrested and/or beaten
• 1963, King jailed while leading campaign fordesegregation in Birmingham, Alabama
• 1963, 200,000 March on Washington
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Mexican-Americans
• League of United Latin American Citizens
(LULAC) and GI Forum form to fight for
civil rights for hispanics
• Hernandez v. Texas (1954) – SCOTUS
rules Mexicans and other racial groups are
protected classes under the 14th
amendment