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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Rethink Power TM
April 18, 2012
By: Sheree Baker, Advanced Power Components, European Distributor and Rep for Ioxus
Ultracapacitors Improve Reliability and Lower Cost in Wind Turbine Pitch Control
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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Ioxus Company Information
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2003Ultracapacitor R&D Began
2007Ioxus Incorporated
2009Production Began
2011Blue Chip Funding Event
2012Acquired Power Systems Ltd.
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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Energy Storage Cousins
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Electrolyte
Capacitor Ultracapacitor BatteryDielectric
A
dd
A
2
0
2
1CVW
d
AC
V
QC
• Rearrangement of ions – FAST• No chemical reactions – HIGH CYCLE LIFE
POWER DELIVERY DEVICE
Electroactive materials
• Faradaic – HIGH ENERGY
ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE
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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Ultracapacitors In Wind Turbines
4Image source: http://www.myyellowcoat.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/windmill-interior2.jpg
1. Blade pitch control2. Pitch control emergency back-up3. Pitch drive system4. Wireless data transmission5. Beacon lighting6. UPS7. Grid stabilization
48V/165F iMOD™16V/58F iMOD™80V/12F iMOD™ 16V/500F iMOD™350F
820F Hybrid100F
3000F iCAP™
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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Pitch Control
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• Pitch control of each blade ensures optimum positioning for efficient utilization of wind speed for performance and safety
• The pitch control is accomplished either mechanically or
electrically – hydraulic/battery/ultracapacitor
• Maintenance advantages for ultracapacitor
• Temp and cycle life advantages
• Over 16,000 turbine installations, ultracapacitors have proven maintenance free operation – reliability
• 60% of newly installed turbine systems use electrical pitch controlled systems
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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Pitch Control - Maintenance
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Category Batteries Ultracapacitors
Maintenance Period 12-18 months None
Replacement Period 2-4 years > 10 years
Cycling Capability 10-50k > 1 Million
The cost of maintenance, in particular in remote areas where turbines are often located, as well as the frequent replacement schedule of the batteries, leads to a lower total cost of ownership and a higher reliability using ultracapacitors
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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Temperature Performance: Ultracapacitors
-50 -30 -10 10 30 50 700.80
0.90
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
Temperature Characteristic for Ioxus ultracapacitors
Capacitance
DC-ESR
Temperature [oC]
Rela
tive
perf
orm
ance
Ultracapacitors perform better than batteries at low temperatures, with full charge acceptance possible down to -40°C
o Ultracap operating temperature:– 40°C to + 70°C
o Ultracap storage temperature:-40°C to + 70°C
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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Pitch Control – Safety; the unseen cost
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• Ultracapacitors can be discharged to Zero (0) Volts, whereas batteries must always maintain a voltage – this can lead to accidents
• Voltage indicators on Ioxus modules let the technician know when it is safe to work on the energy storage – avoiding accidental electrocutions
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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Ultracapacitor Recyclability
• Ultracapacitors are very recyclable > 95%– Recycling cost: ~ $0.35/lb + shipping– One of the lowest costs to recycle of any energy storage
device!– A 16V, 58F Module would only cost $0.58 to recycle
• Lead Acid batteries are ~70% recyclable (~$0.15/lb)
• Lithium Ion batteries are not recycled in volume at this time 1
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1 http://www.altenergystocks.com/archives/2011/05/why_advanced_lithium_ion_batteries_wont_be_recycled.html
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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Ultracapacitor Cost Curve
Ultracap price($/kWh, $/kW)
Ultracapacitor Production Volume
Cost curve
Development Road Map• Increased Power• Increased Energy• While costs come down!
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• Over the past decade, ultracapacitor prices have fallen 90%• During the same 10 years, batteries have come down approximately
30%
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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Advantage Ioxus
• High Power/Energy Density Cells
• Wide product range:– 100F to 3,000F for ultracapacitors– 220F to 1000F for hybrid capacitors
• Module / System expertise and development
• Vertically integrated manufacturing
• Future Gen Technology to Widen Performance Gap
• Power Systems acquisition expands product range/experience
• Global CleanTech 100 Award
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© 2012 Ioxus, Inc. All rights reserved. Rethink Power TM
Contact Information
Ioxus, Inc.18 Stadium Circle
Oneonta, NY 13820www.ioxus.com1-877-751-4222
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