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Distribution of rainfall (mm)
780800
610645
600
700
389400
500
SWM
217 205200
300
0
100
Coastal Telangana Rayalseema AP
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Area irrigated source wise (lakh ha) 2000-2001
District Net area irrigated by Total Area
irrigat
Gross
area
morethan
edwells
wells
sources
once
Coastal
Andhra
12.24 4.01 3.41 1.31 1.23 22.21 6.74 28.96
Rayalas
eema
1.24 0.55 2.61 1.68 0.13 6.23 1.54 7.78
na. . . . . . . .
A.P 16.49 7.26 10.66 8.87 1.97 45.27 13.88 59.16
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Per cent change in area of different crops in different regions of
Andhra Pradesh (1999-2000 over 1955-56)
Coastal Andhra Rayalaseema Telangana
Area 1955- % change
-
Area 1955- % change
-
Area 1955- % change
-
ha)
ha)
ha)Total food
rains
32.43 2.5 21.46 -190.8 35.35 -12.9
Rice 16.6 213.3 2.77 4.2 7.85 75.8
Maize 0.075 616.3 - 98.1 1.82 116.5. - . . - . . - .
Bajra 1.98 -76.0 2.39 -879.0 2.14 -79.2
Ragi 1.22 -53.3 1.35 -66.7 0.62 -64.3
Pulses 3.79 103.9 2.30 -10.2 7.09 -6.0
Cotton 0.33 626.4 2.70 -91.6 1.06 540.0
Sugarcane 0.36 251.0 0.13 97.1 0.21 1880
Oilseeds 3.50 2.2 6.64 57.4 9.80 -29.5
Source : Directorate of Economics and Statistics, A.P.2004 4
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Crop wise area irrigated in Andhra Pradesh,
-Crops Region Total Cropped
area
oasta aya aseema e angana
Rice 2272816 303227 1464644 4040687 4243000
Jowar 710 16959 7543 25212 677000
Bajra 14476 8792 8809 32077 130000
Maize 30188 4465 126697 161350 527000
Ragi 10886 12423 1547 24856 99000
Small
millets
- 254 - 254 55000
ota
cereals2004 5
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Area, production and productivity of crops in
-,
Sl. Cro Re ion Area Prod. Productivit
No. (000 ha) 000t y t/ha
.
Rayalaseema
Telan ana
312
1548
883
4418
.
2.83
2.85
AP 4243 12459 2.94
2. Jowar Coastal AP 16 10 0.64
Rayalaseema
Telangana
129
532
169
827
1.31
0.44
AP 677 914 0.62
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Cropping systems in different zones of Andhra Pradesh
(Area 000 ha) 1999-2000
one s r c rea
ha)
a or crops ropp ng sys ems
Krishna Godavari 3037 Rice (52), Cotton (6), Chillies Rice (20), Rice (16)
,
Guntur, East & WestGodavari)
, ,
& Maize (1)
,
North Coastal zone 3037 Rice 33 Groundnut 11 Rice 31 Rice 1
(Srikakulam,
Vijayanagaram,
Visakhapatnam)
Ragi (4), Bajra (2), Til (2),
Sugarcane (2), Cotton (1)
Rice (1), Groundnut
(11)
Southern zone
(Cuddapah, Nellore,
Chittoor)
1235 Rice (27), Groun-dnut (32),
Sugar-
Cane (2), Cotton (2),
Rice (5), Rice (11)
Rice (11), Groundnut
(32)
Bengalgram (2)
Contd2004 8
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Start of cropping season based on
de endable rainfallReg i on M o n th
T e l a n g a n a
a) N or ther n Te l angan a
4 th w e e k o f J u n e
b) Sou ther n Te l angan a
E n d o f J u n e
Coas t a l
a) N or th coas ta l
b) So uth coas ta l
3 rd w e e k o f J u n e
E n d o f J u ly
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Crop Strategies
Encouraging traditional food crops. Sowin the cro s with earl showers and
irrigating whenever water is available
Ex lorin medicinal and aromatic lants
Adoption of farming systems approachDair & Poultr
Cropping systems approach in relation toSoil and season
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Suggested crops for black soils on conserved
Crop Time of sowing
Safflower September
Maghi Jowar SeptemberBengal gram September / October
Sunflower September / October
Coriander October
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Crops and cropping systems for rainfed areas in Andhra Pradesh
Zone Soil type Kharif RabiKrishna
Godavari zone
Krishna
Light
soils
Bajra, ragi, maize, redgram,
cowpea, groundnut, castor,
reen ram black ram fodder
-
Guntur, East &West Godavari) jowarMedium Rainfed rice, Maize, ragi, Coriander,
soils
, ,
soybean, redgram, chillies,
greengram, sunflower, cotton,
fodder owar
,
sunflower, jowar,
vegetables, fodder
owar
North Coastal
zone
Light
soils
Bajra, ragi, maize, jowar,
mesta, redgram, cowpea,
reen ram black ram maize
-
,
Vijayanagaram
, Visakha
atnam
vegetables, fodder jowar
Medium Rainfed rice, maize, bajra, Greengram,
soils soybean, redgram,greengram,
chillies, cotton, mesta, fodderowar
horsegram, tomato,
sesame2004 13
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Southern zone
Cudda ah
Light soils Bajra, ragi, redgram, jowar,
greengram, blackgram,
-
Nellore, Chittoor) groundnut, bajra
+ redgram,
groundnut+redgram, castor,
owar, sunflower, fodder
jowar
Medium to Redgram, castor, sunflower, Bengalgram,
heavy soils jowar, cotton, fodder jowar coriander
North Telangana Light soils Maize, owar, bajra, -Zone (Adilabad,
Karimnagar,
Nizamabad,
redgram, bajra + redgram,
blackgram, greengram,
sunflower, fodder jowar,
Warangal andMedak) Medium to
heavy soils
Maize, ragi, cotton, chillies,
soybean, sunflower
Safflower,
bengalgram,
,
coriander
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Southern
Telangana zone
Light
soils
Jowar, bajra, ragi, maize,
redgram, greengram,
-
a a oo nagar,
Nalgonda,
Sangareddy)
, ,
Medium
to heavy
Bajra, ragi, maize,
sunflower, castor, redgram,
Bengalgram,
safflower, jowar,
,
Scarce rainfall
zone
Light
soils
Korra, bajra, jowar, castor,
onion, sunflower, redgram,
-
(Kurnool,
Ananthapur,
Prakasam)
fodder owar
Medium
to heavy
Bajra, maize, redgram,
castor, soybean, gingelly,
Coriander,
bengalgram,
soils cotton sunflower, jowar.
High altitude Light Bajra, ragi, maize, redgram,
r a area(Srikakulam,
Viajayanagaram,
so s ac gram, ra n e r ce
sa apa nam,
East Godavari and
Khammam)2004 15
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Source wise net area irrigated in Andhra
Sl.No. Year Canals Tanks Dugwe Tubew Others Total
lls ells
1. 1955-
56
12.92 10.68 2.84 - 1.03 27.47
2. 2000- 16.49 7.27 8.88 10.66 1.97 45.27
Source : Directorate of Economics and Statistics, A.P2004 16
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Reasons for reduction in tankirrigated area
Lower runoff causing rains Increased cro ed area
Lack of catchments treatment
Excessive round water ex loitation
Indiscriminate watershed works in catchment
areas
Improper desilting works
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Suggested crops and cropping systems for tankfed areas of Andhra
Pradesh
eg on o ype ar a
Coastal Andhra
Pradesh
Light soil Bajra, ragi, maize,
jowar, greengram and
-
mes a
Medium to heavy soils Rainfed rice, ragi,maize, bajra, mesta,
greengram, fodder
Greengram,blackgram, sesame,
vegetables, fodder
jowar jowar
Rayalaseema Light soil Groundnut,
greengram, bajra,
-
, ,
jowar, sunflower
Medium to heavy soils Jowar, castor, bajra,
maize, cotton,
Coriander, chickpea,
jowar, vegetables
sunflowerTelangana Light soil Greengram, jowar,
maize, castor,
red ram
-
Medium to heavy soils Maize, jowar, bajra,
ragi, blackgram,soybean, sunflower,
Coriander, safflower,
chickpea, jowar2004 19
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Rainfall (mm) in Musthabad mandal and Karimnagar district of Andhra
Pradesh
- - -
Musthabad Karimnagar Musthabad Karimnagar Musthabad Karimnagar
. . . . . .
July 255.6 265.7 70.7 176.9 204.3 343.1Aug 84.9 115.4 127.3 233.7 80.4 124.1
Sep 100.0 114.7 8.0 46.9 138.0 142.6
Oct 0.0 10.2 0.0 57.8 90.0 78.7
Nov 12.6 10.0 0.0 30.4 0.0 0.0
Dec 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.2
Jan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.1
Mar 0.0 0.0 3.0 15.3 0.0 0.0
Apr 0.0 2.7 23.0 15.3 0.0 0.0
ay . . . . . .
Total 626.7 675.2 464.0 764.5 546.7 783.22004 20
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Percentage (to state population) of live stock
o ulation in different re ions of the stateAnimal Region Total
population
of AP
(millions)
Andhra
Cattle 26.7 20.9 52.4 10.6
Buffaloes 51.6 13.4 36.5 9.6
Sheep 25.5 26.0 48.5 9.6
oa s . . .
Source : Viroji Rao and Bose, 20022004 21
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of different zones
Agriculture
Sheep production
oat pro uct on
Backyard poultry
Fisheries
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systems involving livestock
cropping cattle and buffalo usually
Systems combining animals and perennial
c o g u e e s
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Major food crops and various possible farming systems of
different agro-climatic zones of the state
Agro
climatic
zone
Major food
crops
Dairy Sheep and
goat
Backyard
poultry
Fishery Apiculture
NorthCoastal
Rice, pulse,ragi, sesame,
Cattle,buffalo
Sheep,goat
Backyardpoultry
Inlandcoastal
Apiculture
,
cashewnut
Krishn Rice, maize, -do- Sheep in -do- -do- -do-a-
Godava
ri
pulse,
sugarcane,
coconut,
Prakasam
co on,c esSouth Groundnut,
rice, ragi,
-do- Sheep -do- Inland -do-
owar, pu ses,
cotton,
sunflower2004 25
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Scarce
rainfall
Groundnut,
rice,
safflower
-do- Sheep -do- Inland -do-
jowar, pulses,
cotton
- - - -
Telangana
castor,
sunflower,
ulses, rice,
cattle
goat
jowar, cotton
Northern
Telan ana
Rice, maize,
owar ulses
Buffalo,
cattle
Sheep,
oat
-do- Inland -do-
cotton,
groundnut,
chillies,
sugarcaneHigh
altitude
Rice, ragi,
maize, bajra,
Buffalo Sheep,
goat
-do- Inland -do-
and tribal
zone
Jowar,
Sugarcane,pulse2004 26
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Price policy
Regional variations in cost of cultivation
Neglect of millets in price support
Support price for perishable commodities
Facilities for storage and marketing
2004 27
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2004 28