Applying Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture systems (SAFA) Tool to evaluate Environmental and Social Sustainability: Case Study of Maize Cultivation in Northern Thailand Aekkarun Worradaluk 1 , Jitti Mungkalasiri 3 , Cheema Soralump 2 , and Prakaytham Suksatit 3,* 1 Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced and Sustainable Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand 2 Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand 3 National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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Applying Sustainability Assessment of Food and
Agriculture systems (SAFA) Tool to evaluate
Environmental and Social Sustainability:
Case Study of Maize Cultivation in Northern Thailand
Aekkarun Worradaluk1, Jitti Mungkalasiri3, Cheema Soralump2, and Prakaytham Suksatit3,*
1Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced and Sustainable Environmental Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
2Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
3National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Objectives
3. Scope of Work
4. Sustainability Definition and SAFA
5. Research Methodology
6. Result and Discussion
7. Conclusions
8. Acknowledgements
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INTRODUCTION
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Problem
• Thailand is the world's fourth-largest chicken
exporter (34% of total production).
• The demand of feed will increase in 2028-2032
around 22.87 million tons. (Thai Feed Mill Association,
2014)
From: Global Trade Atlas (2013)
2010
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Problem (continued) • Maize yield was around 4 million tons/year, during
10 years ago,
• Almost 100% of maize yield send to Feed
Manufacturer.
• The benefit from maize seed has valued about
45,000 million baht/year (1,125 million Euros/year).
From: Office of Agricultural Economics (2015)
2007 2011
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Problem (continued)
From: Sal Forest (2014)
From: Russell S. (2014)
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From: Kaset Suk Sun (2015)
Results
Life Cycle Assessment
(ISO 14040, ISO 14044)
Response-Inducing
Sustainability Evaluation
(RISE, version 2.0)
Sustainability Monitoring
and Assessment RouTine
(SMART)
Social Life Cycle
Assessment (S-LCA)
Roundtable on
Sustainable Biofuels,
Impact assessment
Guidelines
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From 20 Researches of all sustainability reports;
• Kanittha K. et al (2011) studied about the factor that increasing GHG emission
by collected samples of BC from field open burning of maize residues
(Pakchong, Nakhon Ratchasrima) by Micro Aethalometer.
• Vicent G. et al (2014) purposed to analyze and assess the effectiveness of
generic themes and sub-themes of sustainability frameworks in the case of
Danish maize, as followed;
1. Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels Impact Assessment (RSB),
2. Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture Systems (SAFA), and
3. Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA).
Literature Review
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OBJECTIVES
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Objectives
1. To study and apply SAFA tool for assessing environmental and
social sustainability of Maize cultivation area in Northern
Thailand.
2. To compare the environmental and social sustainability results of
cultivation technologies.
3. To suggest an applying of SAFA tool for maize cultivation.
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SCOPE OF WORK
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Scope and Boundary
1. SAFA tool is used for a guideline in this research.
2. Studied scope is Maize cultivation process in Northern area
of Thailand.
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SUSTA INAB IL I TY
DEF IN I T ION
AND
SAFA
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Sustainability Definition and SAFA What is the Sustainability?
What is the Sustainability?
The 2005 World Summit on Social Development identified 3
sustainable development goals;
From: Thwink.org (2014)
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(1) Economic development,
(2) Social development, and
(3) Environmental protection.
What is the SAFA?
From: FAO (2015)
Sustainability Assessment of Food and
Agriculture systems (SAFA)
Sustainability Definition and SAFA What is the SAFA?
• Developed from FAO in October18, 2013.
• Used for assessing a sustainability along
agriculture, forestry and fisheries value
chains.
• SAFA was developed as
- an international reference document,
- a benchmark that defines the elements
of sustainability, and
- a framework for assessing trade-offs and
synergies between all dimensions of
sustainability.
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Sustainability Definition and SAFA
16
Why we use SAFA ?
Tool Type/Name
Steps of the value chain impacts covered Sustainability Dimensions Covered
Production Processing Retail Environment Economy Governance Social
Cool Farm Tool
Water/Carbon/Biodiversity
FootPrint tools (e.g.
WRI/WBCSD, TEEB/WWF)
Ecolabel Index
OECD Environmental
Indicators
International Labour
Organization, Core
Conventions
Global Social Compliance
Programme (GSCP)
Reference Tools (2011
versions)
Sustainability Assessment
of Food and Agriculture
systems (SAFA)
From: FAO (2015)
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Sustainability Definition and SAFA SAFA Framework
SAFA Framework
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RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
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Sustainability Definition and SAFA SAFA Methodology
SAFA Methodology
STEP 1: Mapping
STEP 2: Contextualization
STEP 3: Selecting tools and Indicators
STEP 4: Reporting
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Sustainability Definition and SAFA SAFA Methodology
SAFA Methodology
STEP 1: Mapping
STEP 2: Contextualization
STEP 3: Selecting tools and Indicators
STEP 4: Reporting
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From: FAO (2015)
Research Methodology Assessed Dimensions
Assessed Dimensions of this study
This study focused on
“Environmental Integrity” and
“Social Well-Being”.
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Research Methodology System boundary
System Boundary Details of Data
Studied area: Tambon Na Phun, Amphoe Wang Chin,
Phrae province
Duration: 1 year (2015)
Data Collection Method:
Primary Data: Questionnaire (on-site interview)
Secondary data: Government and Private sectors
Sample size: 40 farmers
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This assessment studied from 6 technologies, as followed;
Maize Cultivation Technologies
Maize Cultivation
Technologies
Good Agricultural
Practices (GAP)
non-Good
Agricultural
Practices (non-GAP)
Flat Area
Flat Area
Slope Area
Irrigation Area
non-Irrigation Area
non-Irrigation Area
non-Irrigation Area
Irrigation Area
Irrigation Area
Research Methodology Maize cultivation technologies
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Sustainability Definition and SAFA SAFA Methodology