APPLICATIONS

APPLICATIONS

Microwave heating is able to heat the target compounds without heating the entire furnace or oil bath

This saves time and energy.However, due to the design of most

microwave ovens and to uneven absorption by the object being heated, the microwave field is usually non-uniform and localized super heating occurs

Microwave heating can have certain benefits over conventional ovens:

reaction rate accelerationmilder reaction conditionshigher chemical yieldlower energy usagedifferent reaction selectivities 

It is time savingIncreased reaction rates 1000 fold

in best casesUsed to accelerate chemistry in

both solution &solid phase reactionImproved product yieldsIt can be conducted in either open

or closed vessels

Access to synthetic transformations not achievable via conductive heating

Broad dynamic temperature range (45˚c-300˚c)

Green chemistry- reactions in supercritical water or solvent – less reaction

It can be used to accelerate the synthesis of peptides

It is used for parallel synthesis.

Controlled method of heatingRapid reaction optimizationIn organic reactions many reactions has now

performed through microwave heating EXAMPLES:Acetylation reaction, Alkylation, Coupling

reaction, Condensation reaction, Diel’s alder reaction, Elimination reaction etc

Heterocyclic Nucleus Synthesis Microwave is used in synthesis of

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Rings- Pyrroles, Pyrazoles, Imidazoles, Oxazolines, Triazoles , Isoxazolines etc

Benzo-Derivatives of Five-Membered Rings- Benz-imidazoles, Benz-oxazoles, Benz-thiazoles etc

Six-Membered Rings- Dihydropyridines, Tetrazines, Dihydropyrimidines

Polycyclic Six-Membered Rings- Quinolines, Pyrimido [1, 2-a] pyrimidines

Heterocyclic C-Alkylations, Heterocyclic N-Alkylation’s, Nucleophilic Substitutions, Hetero-Diels-Alder Reactions, Intramolecular Reactions, Intermolecular Reactions, etc

Synthesis of phenytoin by conventional&microwave

In conventional synthesis 2 hrs reflux is needed

In microwave synthesis only 15 minutes is needed

Yield is better in microwave synthesis than in conventional synthesis.

Miscellaneous Microwave assisted Extraction Microwave Ashing Microwave drying

The instrumentation developed for MAOS hasmore recently found application in what has been traditionally termed the biosciences. These areasinclude peptide synthesis proteomics and DMPK (dystrophia myotonica protein kinase) .

Recent publications in the field of proteomics have shown the instrumentation used for MAOS can be used to accelerate tryptic digests with the total time reduced from hours to minutes with a concomitant improvement in coverage.

Highthroughput proteomic applications may require the development of plate-based instrumentation to facilitate the work flow.

Ring expansion -45˚c

Coupling reaction Susbstution reaction etc80-250˚c

Super critical water green chemistry

APPLICATION IN A GIVEN TEMPERATURE RANGE