气象科技 进展 22 Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology 气象科技进展 8(6)- 2018 收稿日期 : 2017 年 12 月18 日 ;修回日期 : 2018 年 6 月 23 日 第一作者 :李杨(1994 —),E-mail: [email protected]通信作者 :方晶(1963 —),E-mail: [email protected]资助信息 :国家自然科学基金资助项目(41476074 );国土资源 部中国地质调查局资助项目(121201006000182401) ; 天津师范大学博士基金项目(52XB1207 ) 沉积物色度在古环境重建中的应用 李杨 1 方晶 1 潘隆 1 王福 2 (1 天津师范大学地理与环境科学学院,天津 300378;2 中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,天津 300170) 摘要:随着对全球环境演变研究的不断深入,涉及千年、百年、十年和年际时间尺度的研究已经越来越受到学者们的重 视,提高时间尺度上的分辨率进行古环境重建成为一种趋势。为了在高分辨率的时间尺度上进行古环境的重建,色度作 为一个环境代用指标逐渐开始被应用。本文回顾了国内外利用色度指标对湖泊沉积物、黄土‒古土壤、深海沉积物和海 岸带沉积物进行古气候重建的内容,论述了色度在沉积物示踪、冰川进退、天文周期和青藏高原的隆升与西风的流通等 研究方面的指代作用,以及在古地震这个新的研究领域中的应用,并对色度指标在今后地质学中的应用进行了展望。 关键词:色度,古气候重建,湖泊沉积物,黄土‒古土壤,深海沉积物,海岸平原 DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1973.2018.06.003 Application of Sediment Chromaticity in Paleo-Environment Reconstruction Li Yang 1 , Fang Jing 1 , Pan Long 1 , Wang Fu 2 (1 College of Geography and Environmental Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300378 2 Tianjin Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300170) Abstract: Global environmental evolution studies involving millennia, centuries, decades, and interannual time scales have received increasing attention from scholars. Improved resolution of these time scales for paleo-environmental reconstruction has become increasingly popular, especially paleo-environmental reconstruction performed using high-resolution data. For reconstructing the paleo-environment using high-resolution data, many researchers are opting to use chromaticity an environmental proxy. This paper reviews the use of chromaticity for paleoclimate reconstruction of lake sediments, ancient loess soils, deep-sea sediments and coastal sediments. The paper also discusses the role of chromaticity in sediment tracing, determining advancement and retreat of glaciers, astronomical cycles, uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, circulation of Westerlies, and its application in the new research field of paleo-earthquakes. Lastly, the paper explores the application of chromaticity in geology. Keywords: chromaticity, ancient climate reconstruction, lake sediments, ancient loess soil, deep-sea sediments, coastal sediments 0 引言 使用高分辨率的信息载体来恢复古气候环境变化 是全球变化研究的一项重要内容 [1] 。仅仅揭示百万年 甚至万年等级的“轨道尺度”“构造尺度”的气候变 化规律已经无法解释在研究中发现的一些快速突变事 件和短周期现象。这些现象除了受“轨道驱动”因素 影响外,还和球表面气候系统(大气‒海洋系统)有 关 [2] 。而探索这些机制,只能利用高分辨率的记录。 而高分辨率的古环境记录,需要有相应精度的年代学 作为基础 [3] 。 利用沉积物颜色指标研究古气候变化是近年来 古气候研究中一种重要的探索方法。研究表明颜色指 标可以作为第四纪沉积物高分辨率的气候指标 [4] 。色 度是近年来发展起来的指示气候变化的重要的环境指 标,与环境磁学、粒度和孢粉等多种环境代用指标相 结合进行研究,它以反映沉积物的宏观颜色与气候湿 热、氧化还原环境之间的关系且测量快速经济而被广 泛应用 [5-8] 。同时色度测量对一些矿物质是快速的、 敏感的和非破坏性的。在不同环境下发生沉积时,留 下了包括土壤、矿物、稳定同位素、地化元素、微体 古生物等沉积物 [9] 。碳酸盐含量、Fe元素 [10] 、黏土矿 物 [11] 和沉积物有机质含量 [12] 的变化是气候变化的重要 指示物。通过色度与其他环境代用指标的对比发现, 色度指标与其他具有环境指代意义的矿物、地球化学 元素等指标一样,对古气候的变化有良好的响应 [13-15] 。 因此色度也可以作为一个代用指标反映不同尺度下气
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气象科技 进展
22 Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology 气象科技进展 8(6)- 2018
Application of Sediment Chromaticity in Paleo-Environment Reconstruction
Li Yang1, Fang Jing1, Pan Long1, Wang Fu2
(1 College of Geography and Environmental Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300378 2 Tianjin Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300170)
Abstract: Global environmental evolution studies involving millennia, centuries, decades, and interannual time scales have received increasing attention from scholars. Improved resolution of these time scales for paleo-environmental reconstruction has become increasingly popular, especially paleo-environmental reconstruction performed using high-resolution data. For reconstructing the paleo-environment using high-resolution data, many researchers are opting to use chromaticity an environmental proxy. This paper reviews the use of chromaticity for paleoclimate reconstruction of lake sediments, ancient loess soils, deep-sea sediments and coastal sediments. The paper also discusses the role of chromaticity in sediment tracing, determining advancement and retreat of glaciers, astronomical cycles, uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, circulation of Westerlies, and its application in the new research field of paleo-earthquakes. Lastly, the paper explores the application of chromaticity in geology.Keywords: chromaticity, ancient climate reconstruction, lake sediments, ancient loess soil, deep-sea sediments, coastal sediments
0 引言使用高分辨率的信息载体来恢复古气候环境变化
是全球变化研究的一项重要内容[1]。仅仅揭示百万年
甚至万年等级的“轨道尺度”“构造尺度”的气候变
化规律已经无法解释在研究中发现的一些快速突变事
件和短周期现象。这些现象除了受“轨道驱动”因素
影响外,还和球表面气候系统(大气‒海洋系统)有
关[2]。而探索这些机制,只能利用高分辨率的记录。
而高分辨率的古环境记录,需要有相应精度的年代学
作为基础[3]。
利用沉积物颜色指标研究古气候变化是近年来
古气候研究中一种重要的探索方法。研究表明颜色指
标可以作为第四纪沉积物高分辨率的气候指标[4]。色
度是近年来发展起来的指示气候变化的重要的环境指
标,与环境磁学、粒度和孢粉等多种环境代用指标相
结合进行研究,它以反映沉积物的宏观颜色与气候湿
热、氧化还原环境之间的关系且测量快速经济而被广
泛应用[5-8]。同时色度测量对一些矿物质是快速的、
敏感的和非破坏性的。在不同环境下发生沉积时,留
下了包括土壤、矿物、稳定同位素、地化元素、微体
古生物等沉积物[9]。碳酸盐含量、Fe元素[10]、黏土矿
物[11]和沉积物有机质含量[12]的变化是气候变化的重要
指示物。通过色度与其他环境代用指标的对比发现,
色度指标与其他具有环境指代意义的矿物、地球化学
元素等指标一样,对古气候的变化有良好的响应[13-15]。
因此色度也可以作为一个代用指标反映不同尺度下气
Progress 研究进展
23Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology 气象科技进展 8(6)- 2018
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