CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED Nanotechnology and Its Applications Dr. Narendra Kumar A gnihotra TCE QSTP-LLC, Doha, Qatar
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 1/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Nanotechnology
andIts Applications
Dr. Narendra Kumar Agnihotra
TCE QSTP-LLC, Doha, Qatar
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 2/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Chairs, Desk, pen,
video game, TV,and you too
are formed by atoms.
You do remember that everything is made of atoms.
Creation of World
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 3/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
µNano¶ comes from the Greek word ³Dwarf´
What is Nano?
³1 meter ́ equal to 100 centimeter (cm)³1 meter ́ equal to 1000 milimeter (mm)
Similarly
³1 meter ́ equal to 1000000000 (109 ) nanometer (nm)
~ dimension of one billionth
One human hair hair is around 100 thousand times bigger.
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 4/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
The radius of one atom of goldgold is 0.14 nm.
Dimension of a small molecule like methanemethane (CH4) ~ 0.5nm
Virus are typically 75 times bigger than a nm.
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 5/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Nanometer Scale
More Size Comparisons
An atom's nucleus is much smaller ~ 0.00001 nm
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 6/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 7/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
How Big is a Nanometer ?
10 centimeter 1 centimeter 1 millimeter 100 micrometer
10 nanometer 100 nanometer 1 micrometer 10 micrometer
1 Nanometer
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 8/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Dr. Richard Feynman
"There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom."
Nanotechnology dealing with anything
measuring between 1 and 100 nm.
What is Nanotechnology?
Physical
Chemical
Electrical Mechanical
Optical
Magnetic
Creation of materials/devices/systems
through control/manipulation of matter
on the nanometer scale and exploitationof novel phenomena/properties which
arise because of the nanometer length
scale.
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 9/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Gold Particle at Nano Scale
Well« strange things happen at the small scale ± If you keep cutting
until the gold pieces are in the nanoscale range, they don¶t look gold
anymore« They look RED!
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 10/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Smaller Size of
Gold Particle
Gold Particle at Nano Scale
In fact, depending on size, they can turn red, blue, yellow, and
other colors
Different thicknesses of materials reflect and absorb light differently
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 11/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Surface to Volume Ratio( S/V)
For example, 5 cubic centimetersFor example, 5 cubic centimeters ²²
about 1.7 cm per sideabout 1.7 cm per side ²² of materialof material
divided 24 times will produce 1divided 24 times will produce 1
nanometer cubes and spread in a singlenanometer cubes and spread in a single
layer could cover a football fieldlayer could cover a football field
Surface Area = 6 L2,
Volume = L3
S/V = 6/L
Surface Area = 6 (L/2)2,
Volume = (L/2)3
S/V = 2*6/L
Surface Area = 6(L/4)2,
Volume = (L/4)3
S/V = 4*6/L
Surface Area = 6(L/16)2,
Volume = (L/16)3
S/V = 16*6/L
Reduce the size of material
Length of side L/2
Length of side L/4
Length of
side L/16
Length of side L
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 12/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Carbon Nanotubes(CNTs)
CNTs are a tubular form of carbon with diameter as small as 1 nm.
Extraordinary properties:
Electrical conductivity higher
than copper.
Very high current carrying
capacity (107 - 109 A/cm2)
Young¶s modulus over 1 T Pa
As stiff as diamond,
Tensile strength ~ 200 GPa.
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 13/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Application of Nanotechnology
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 14/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Renewable Energy
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 15/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Nano Product: Natural
Nature takes brittle materials , but form them together to be
very strong and beautiful products.
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 16/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Nano Product
Electronics & Communication
Industry
Wilson Nano Tennis Racquet
- Made With Nanotechnology
Sports Industry
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 17/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Application of various personal care and cosmetics products, such
as sunscreens, anti-aging creams, toothpastes, hair care andperfumes.
Nano Product: Cosmetic Industry
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 18/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Nanotechnology will makes air travel safer, faster and cheaper.
Anti fog Glasses for Air Planes Strong Plastic, metals and composites for engines, Bullet Proof
Jackets.
Clean fuel for environment
Lighter metals and composites for
the structure to carry in war area.
Defense, War Artifact & Air Travel
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 19/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Tex til es that change propertiesas a f unction of needs,
such as keeping you cool in summer
and warm in winter.
F orks, spoons, dishes, pots, clot hes,
Dirty or wet - just like a lotus leaf when you pour a drop of water
on it;
Eventually, you will not
hear mum saying that
you got your
T-shirt dirty!
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 20/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Drug delivery
- Targeted delivery, controlled release (either timed or in response to
an external signal)
BioSenser
- Incorporating sensors would allow release of drugs.
Nano robot for Brain surgery
- f or brain surgery.
Cancer Therapy
Nano robot
Cancer Cells
Biomedical & Medical Application
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 21/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
8/3/2019 Application of Nanotechnology-BPS 16 Jan1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/application-of-nanotechnology-bps-16-jan1 22/22
CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
Thank You