Application of HyGIS-QUAL2E : The User-Friendly Coupled QUAL2E Model with Korean Hydrological GIS Package, HyGIS Chungbuk National University, Korea Sung-Rong,

Application of Application of HyGIS-QUAL2EHyGIS-QUAL2E : : TheThe User-Friendly CoupledUser-Friendly Coupled QUAL2E Model with Korean QUAL2E Model with Korean Hydrological GISHydrological GIS Package, Package, HyGISHyGIS

Chungbuk National University, Korea

Sung-Rong, HA. And In-Hyeok, Park*.

Environment System Engineering Laboratory

Contents

HyGIS-QUAL2EHyGIS-QUAL2ESystemSystem

IV. Conclusion

III. Development & Paradigm

II. Design Concepts and Algorithms

I. Introduction


Introduction

Background

Requirements of environmental models can estimate and analysis environmental change are increasing,

To estimate the change using models, processes that are collecting concrete and a lot of parameters are needed

Preparation of the model parameters takes long time and techniques trained.

Focused on being able to carry out modeling effectively, it is necessary to minimize time required for collecting input data and analyzing the data.

For offering convenient modeling conditions, • Ensure the scientific technologies getting spatial

information for applying model to real-world• Minimize the process that create input file and

display output file


Introduction

Objective

Overcome handicaps of traditional method developed for coupling GIS with environmental model

It can be ensured the objectivity and scientific processes

Development of knowledge-based water-quality- evaluative system that coupling HyGIS with Qual2e model


Introduction

Scope

Development of HyGIS-Qual2E system use the HyGIS that is specified on characteristics of Korea’s watershed

It is divided into pre-processing and post-processing

Pre-Processing • Automatically calculating the parameters for modeling -

> creating input file

Post-Processing• Development of module to display the result of modeling• Development of Calibration and verification module to

control re-action parameters


Relational Database based system User-friendly system

It can be connected with variable analysis system

• Using data ware house that include hydraulic, hydrological and spatial information

• To control the datum effectively, DB is designed to be relational

• Standardization of modeling process

• Minimizing processes and check the result in real time

•Coupling system GIS with Environmental model•No need additional processes

Introduction

Component-based decision-making system

Coupling system

Scope


Introduction

HyGISTM(Hydrological Geographic Information System)

A GIS-based system specified on the Korea characteristics of watershed

Easy constructing the required spatial information

Easy analyzing the topography of stream

Database system

A Based system for developing application

This engine is based on GEOMania™ package

<Concepts Diagram of HyGISTM>


Introduction

Qual2E

<Qual2E Constituent Interactions>

A steady-state water analysis program based on the uniform flow consumption

The study river has to be divided into several consecutive reaches

Reaches are divided into the elements with the same spatial step for calculation

Elements are control volume have same hydraulic characteristic

The Reach have catchments supplied water and pollution load from tributary

Delivery pollution loads allocate the reach from catchments


Introduction

Using programming languageCreate DatabaseDebugging & test

Design modulesDesign functionsDesign database

StandardizationDesign data flowStrategy for developing

Analysis input fileAnalysis output fileClassificationDefine data flow

Development

Design the module (function)

Design the Concept

Structural analysis

Order of Development


Datum of climate

Parameters of re-aeration

Information of pollution

Headwater

Information of junction

Initial condition of Temp, BOD, DO, N, P, Algae

Re-action parameters of BOD, DO, N, P, Algae

Hydraulic parameters

Data of incremental

Data of catchments of each reach

Length and condition of reaches

Parameters of temperature

BOD, DO, N, P, Algae

Basic information for modeling

climate

Re-aeration

Point pollution

Headwater

Junction

Initial condition III

Initial condition II

Reaction parameters


Incremental

Catchments

Reach information

temperature

Various parameters

Control data

표제 자료

Qual2E Input Data

GIS Data

Delivery Coeff.

Hec-Ras

Hec-Ras

Hec-Ras

Hec-Ras

Input data

GIS Data

Design concepts and algorithmsStructural analysis

- Input File

Incremental information of BOD, DO, N, P, Algae


Information of elements

Control data

Re-aeration

Point source pollution

Headwater

Junction

Initial conditions

Re-action parameters


Incremental data

Catchments of reach

Spatial information

Parameters of Temp.

Various parameters

Control

Title data

Result of HEC-RAS

incremental of BOD, DO

Using delivery

coeff.

GISThe user

Users defined Automatic

Structural analysis- Classification

Design concepts and algorithms


Develop the special interface program to connect simulation models of water quality and GIS software

One who has lack of GIS knowledge can use the system easily Needed Time to develop is of brief duration GIS and environmental model can be used independently

GIS

Env. ModelsDBMS

Middle Processor

Pre-processor

Post-processorValue

Input File (Automatic)

Output File (Automatic)


- Flexible coupling Scheme


QUAL2EHyGIS-QUAL2E

Input file & Spatial

information

Output file

Data warehouse

HyGIS


- Concept sketch of hyGIS-QUAL2E


Design the concept – Standardization

Qual2E Modeling

Division reach

Division element

Define prosperities of element

Define hydrological coeff. per reach

Building stream network

Import the Hec-Ras result Coordinate of reach Length of mainstream Coordinate of element Layers for defining property of element Coordinate of reach Starting/ending coordinate of mainstream

Input file for Modeling Parameter of Modeling output file of Modeling

sf, Area Layer of pollution load Watershed map

DEM, Agree Burn DEM Flow Direction & Accumulation Mainstream

DIV

ISION

SEC

TIO

ND

EL

IVE

RY

CO

EF

F.

Overlaying the watershed maps

Input Data

Allocation of water quantity Watershed map, Area

MODELING

Save the result of Hec-Ras on the HyGIS-DB Calculate a length of mainstream Reach division considering length Finding element which is the shortest length between members of layer and mainstream After designating headwater, Divide a watershed using coordinate of reach

Create a input file for modeling using HyGIS-DB Receiving parameter, modifying the input file Calibration & verification using output of modeling

Calculate of Using Divided Watershed Assignment of delivered pollution using overlaying watershed layer and pollution layer

• Using Component of HyGIS

Strategies of Development

Distribution of water quantity using watershed area

N.P.S load per provinces

Tracking the outlet point of pollusion

Create input file

Sub-catchment division

Calculating delivery coeff.

Calibration/Verification, chart

Create diagram



HyGIS Qual2E Model

Spatial Data

DBDBDB

Non-Spatial Data

DBDBDB

Data Warehouse Pre-Processor

Post-Processor

Create input file

Element division

P.S. load into element

Sub-catchments division

Calibration/Verification, chart

VALUE

Input Data

Input DataOutput Data

Input DataInput Data

Simulation

Model

Input Data

Middle Processor

Ext. Data(ASCII)

Hec-Ras

DeliveryCoefficient

Building stream network

Division reach

Definition of Hydrological Coefficient per Reach

Allocation of water quantity

Calculation of Delivery coeff.

Design concepts and algorithmsDesign the concept – Structural

design


Height and Velocity are calculated Using Hec-Ras Input data : a section of stream, water quantity 3 set

or more per section Draw the dispersion of Q-V, Q-H per a section All of the Reach have same hydraulic condition Hydraulic coefficients per Reach apply to Qual2E

Cross Section

Flow Rate

HE

C-R

AS

Hydrograph

0 20 40 60 80 100 1200.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2kum River (Up Stream)

Q Total (m3/s)

Hyd

r De

pth

C (

m),

Vel

Ch

nl (

m/s

)

Legend

Hydr Depth C

Vel Chnl

V = aQb H = Q

<Q-V, Q-H Rating Curve>

Design concepts and algorithmsDesign the Module – Division

Reach


Calculating the length of Reach along the direction of stream (Lreach)

Saving length of Element defined by users (Lelement)

Divided number of Element per (Ei) = Lreach/ Lelement

After reiterating the calculation as the number of Reach, Calculating the total number of element(ΣEi)

Mediated Length of Element=Lstream/ ΣEi

Define the prosperities of Element(Headwater, Junction, etc.)

Reach

Length of element

Element Element Element Element E

The element is divide into five


Element


Using the outlet point of reach, watershed is divided

Spatial information about divided watershed and entire watershed are calculated and saved.1

23

4

Creating outlet point Transferring data

DEM

Grid

1

2

34

Division watershed


watershed


Design the Module – Calculation of N.P.S. pollution load

Calculating of discharged pollution load per catchments

• Overlaying divided watershed map and province map -> calculating the area of province in catchments

• Using ratio of the area and unit pollution load of province, discharged pollution load is calculated

Define the delivery coefficientPM = PO × KK = e -Φ · Sf

Calculation of regressive equation

Delivery coefficient, K calculate using value of Sf and Φ

Calculating the delivery pollution load using K

LkL

면적

Kg/d/L = Kg/d/m(Kg/d/m) × Lk = discharged pollution(Kg/d/m) × Lk ×K = delivered pollution



Design the Module – Calculation of P.S. pollution load

Tracking the outlet point of pollution on the stream and allocating the pollution load on the element

DEM Flow direction

Extracting Outlet Point

Flow accumulation

TAV

Calculating Threshold Accumulation value



<tracking the P.S. pollution using Flow Path

<allocation N.P.S. pollution loads using overlaying maps

<Watershed><Watershed> <Pollution Loads><Pollution Loads> <Overlaying><Overlaying>

Using overlaying watershed map and pollution load map

Delivery coefficients are taken role in each catchments as a weight

Allocating the pollution on catchments Calculating pollution loads

Design concepts and algorithms Design the Module – Calculation of

pollution loads


Data Model

-OBJ-OID

Recordset

-HYDROID : long

HydroRecordset

-REF_HYDROID : long

DrainagePoint<Geometry : point>

-DrainID : long

Drainage

-NAME : String-AREA : double-NEXTDOWNID : long-REF_HYDROID : long-SLOPE : long

DrainageArea<Geometry : polygon>

-ARC_ID : long-SNODE_ID : long-ENODE_ID : long

ArcRecordset

-HYDROID : long-HYDROCODE : String-NAME : String-LENGTH : long-DIRECTION : Integer-NEXTDOWNID : long

HydroEdge

-HYDROID : long-LENGTH : double

Schematic_Link

-FTYPE : String-REF_HYDROID : long

HydroPoint<Geometry : point>

-HYDROCODE : String-NAME : String

Hydrography

-LENGTH : double-SLOPE : double-NEXTDOWNID : long

DrainageLine<Geometry : polyline>

Spatial Data model Non-Spatial Data model

-a : long-b-c-d-Manning-WC_BOD-WC_TN-ORGANIC_N-AMMONIA_N-NITRATE_N-WC_TP-OGRANIC_P-DISSOLVED_P-DO-INCREMENTAL-ELEMENTCOUNT

datReach

-Ident_Val-Name-RQ-DO-BOD-Organic_N-Ammonia_N-Nitrite_N-Nitrate_N-Organic_P-Dissolved_P

datElement

-NP_BOD-NP_TN-Pi_BOD-Pi_TN-K_BOD-K_TN-K_TP-DP_BOD-DP_TN-DP_TP

datWatershed

Input File(ASCII)

Output File(ASCII)

-RID-EID-Temp-CM_1-CM_2-CM_3-DO-BOD-ORGN-NH3N-NO2N-NO3N-SUM-N-ORGP-DISP-P-SUM-P-COLI-CHLA-ANC-K1-K2-K3-K4

datResult_Water



Algorithm

Input File(ASCII)

QUAL2E

Input Data

DBDBDB

Dataware House

Output File(ASCII)

Output Data

DBDBDB

QUAL2E Modeling

Re-action parametersK1, K3, K4

Calibration/Verification

Result of modelingRe-action parameters

Display the result

OK?

END

NO

Yes

TransferingProcess



Development & paradigm


<Reach 분할 UI>

<Division Reach>


<Division Reach UI>


<Division Element UI>

<Division Element>



<allocating and tracking pollution UI>

<allocating and tracking pollution>



<Division Watershed>

<Overlaying Analysis>




<Calculating discharged pollution>

<Calculating delivery coefficient>



<Allocating flow>


<Creating input file UI>

<Created input file>




<Calibration/Verification>

<Modification of re-action parameters>



<Result Viewer>


Conclusion

This research aims to develop a program HyGIS-Qual2E by which an input data file of the river water quality model can be prepared automatically

HyGIS-QUAL2E is water quality analysis system based on DBMS

Because DB is established relationally, Datum can be managed and transferred effectively

It is not necessary additional process, probability of occurring errors and spending time for modeling will be decreasing.


Conclusion

Gives the model users to be convenient handling of the model

Suggest the established rule for preparation Users can cope with the difficulties to expend

the utilities of the program to wider

Application of HyGIS-QUAL2E : The User-Friendly Coupled QUAL2E Model with Korean Hydrological GIS Package, HyGIS Chungbuk National University, Korea Sung-Rong,

Documents

system userfriendly

qual2e system

evaluative system

gisbased system

variable analysis system

introduction slide

qual2e model slide

real time coupling system