Application of Geo-Spatial Technology in Municipal Administration Dr. A Perumal Team Leader Centre for Environment and Development (CED)
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Application of Geo-Spatial Technology in Municipal
Administration
Dr. A Perumal Team Leader
Centre for Environment and Development (CED)
CED’s Profile
R&D, Consultancy &Training
Established in 1993
Centre of Excellence of MoUD, GoI (on SWM & WWM)
Recognized by Dept. of Scientific and Industrial Research, GoI
Empanelled entity for Capacity Building of AMRUT Cities
National Key Resource Centre, MDWS, GoI (on Water & Sanitation)
ISO 9001-2008 Certified Institution
Activities Research
Consultancy
Training & Capacity Building
Outreach Programs
CED
Regional Resource Agency (RRA), MoEFCC, GoI
Accredited Agency, Govt. of Kerala (for SWM & Mapping)
HQ: Trivandrum, Kerala
Regional centres at Bhubaneswar and Hyderabad
Completed 100 Projects & 20 ongoing projects (International, National & State Agencies)
CED’s Profile Cont.....
Program Areas
Natural Resources and Environment Management
Water, Sanitation & Health
Climate Change and Energy Studies
Urban and Rural Studies
Culture and Heritage Studies
Information and Knowledge Management
CED
State of Art GIS and Remote Sensing facility with advanced GIS & Image Processing software
Dedicated Survey Teams for DGPS & Total Station Survey
Design Unit for Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering
Environmental Analytical Lab
Microbiology & Tissue Culture Lab
Resource Mapping & Cartographic Unit
Education and Training Unit
CED
CED’s Facilities
GIS Base Map preparation of 37 ULBs of Telangana
Preparation of Digital Database for Towns surrounding Lake Victoria, Kenya
Urban Reform Cell on Urban Development in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh States
Solid Waste Management
Waste Water Management in cities
Modern Slaughter Houses design
Water Supply Design and DPR
CMMU for Urban Poverty Alleviation in 12 ULBs of Odisha
CMMU for 9 AMRUT Cities
CED’s Urban Experience
CED
1. Preparation of Digital Database for Towns surrounding Lake Victoria, Kenya (under the GKW Consultant Gmbh, Germany )
2. Preparation of GIS Base Maps for 37 ULBs of Telangana (Sponsored under the World Bank aided Telangana Municipal Development Project (TMDP), Government of Telangana )
3. Kerala Water Supply Project - Consultancy Services for 5 major Water Supply Projects in Kerala (Sponsored by Japan Bank for International Cooperation through Kerala Water Authority)
4. Geospatial Analysis of Munnar Landscape, Kerala (UNDP-GEF supported Project)
5. Training on Geo informatics from 1996 onwards
6. Participatory Resource Mapping of Panchayats (Government of Kerala through State Land Use Board)
7. River Bank Mapping and Sand Auditing of Valapattanam River, Kannur District (Department of Revenue, Government of Kerala)
CED’s GIS Assignments
CED
7. Study of the Carbon sequestration potential of forests of Kerala, Western Ghats (Sponsored by NNRMS, MoEFCC, Government of India)
8. Identifying potential areas as conservation Reserves in Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve (Sponsored by Critical Ecosystem partnership fund)
9. Preparation of Catchment Area Treatment Plan for Kanupur Irrigation Project in Odisha (Water Resource Department, Govt. of Odisha)
10.Development of a Forest Fire Forecasting System for Western Ghats, India using Web based GIS and Remote Sensing (Sponsored by IDRC Pan Asia Networking, AMIC, UNDP & APNIC )
11.Survey and Inventory of Wetlands of Kerala for Conservation and Sustainable Management of Resources (Sponsored by World Bank)
12.Study of the Environmental Status of four River Systems of Southern Western Ghats and Its Influence on Land and Water System of Kuttanad using Remote Sensing Data and GIS (Sponsored by MoEFCC, Government of India)
CED’s GIS Assignments Cont.....
CED
5/3/2016 8
Remote Sensing
• Remote sensing - studying interaction of electro-magnetic radiation with different objects – land, water, atmosphere, etc.
• Understanding properties of EM radiation under various conditions is fundamental to understanding of remote sensing.
NATIONAL SPACE SYSTEMS
REMOTE SENSING COMMUNICATION
IRS SERIES OF SATELLITES
INSAT SERIES OF SATELLITES
METEOROLOGY, RADIO/TV BROADCAST, DISASTER WARNING
NATURAL RESOURCES SURVEY, MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT
1990 INSAT-1D VHRR
1992 INSAT-2A VHRR
1993 INSAT-2B VHRR
2002 KALPANA-1 VHRR
2003 INSAT-3A VHRR,CCD
1999 INSAT-2E VHRR, CCD
1988/91 IRS-1A & 1B LISS-1&2
1995/97 IRS-1C/1D LISS-3, PAN & WiFS 1996
IRS-P3 WiFS, MOS X-Ray
1999 OCEANSAT-1 OCM & MSMR
2001 TES Step& Stare PAN
2003 RESOURCESAT-1 LISS 3; LISS 4; AWiFS
2007/ 08/ 10 CARTOSAT-2 & 2A & 2B PAN
A valuable infrastructure in Space for monitoring NR & Environment
2005 CARTOSAT-1 PAN, F/A
30 min.
1 km 5 days
188 m 5 days
55 m 24 days
23 m
5.8 m
ALTM Digital Camera Laser Terrain Mapper
Su
bm
etre
360 m
2 days
< 1 m
Indian EO Imaging Capability
2009 RISAT-2 X-SAR
2009 Oceansat-2 OCM, SCAT, ROSA
2011 RESOURCESAT-2 LISS 3; LISS 4; AWiFS
2011 MEGHA-TROPIQUES SAPHIR, SCARAB & MADRAS
2012 RISAT-1 C Band SAR
2013 SARAL Altika
GEO SYNCHRONOUS
SUN SYNCHRONOUS
Aircrafts Parked at the Airport
Mumbai Airport - IRS PAN
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay
Public Garden, Hyderabad, Quick Bird Image
Ikonos Images of Darunta Complex Tunnels and Perimeter, Afghanistan
This natural color pan-sharpened image (By merging QuickBird 2.44 m Multispetral with PAN 61 Cms) shows a close-up detail of the port facility of Abu Dhabi.
HT
USSR Air Power Display Northwest of Moscow
SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS
AGRICULTURE • CROP ACREAGE AND PRODUCTION ESTIMATION • RS-BASED CROP YIELD MODELS • CROP CONDITION ASSESMENT, AGRICULTURAL DROUGHT ASSESSMENT SOIL RESOURCES • SOIL MAPPING AT DIFFERENT SCALES • GENERATION OF LAND CAPABILITY, LAND IRRIGABILITY MAPS • SOIL MOISTURE ESTIMATION USING MICROWAVE DATA LAND DEGRADATION • MAPPING AND MONITORING WATER-LOGGED AREAS, • SALT-AFFECTED SOILS, ERODED LANDS, SHIFTING CULTIVATION LANDUSE/LAND COVER • LANDUSE/LAND COVER MAPPING • DISTRICT-LEVEL WASTELAND MAPPING • URBAN SPRAWL STUDIES • GROWTH CENTRE ANALYSIS FORESTS • FOREST COVER MAPPING AND MONITORING • INPUT FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN • FOREST FIRE AND RISK MAPPING • BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION • ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STUDIES • GRASSLAND PRODUCTIVITY AND POTENTIAL
SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS
WATER RESOURCES
• SURFACE WATER MAPPING • FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT • FLOOD RISK ZONE MAPPING • IDENTIFICATION OF FLOOD EMBANKMENT SITES • RUN-OFF FORECASTING • RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION & DRAINAGE CONJESTION STUDIES GEOSCIENCES • GEOLOGICAL STUDIES • GEOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES • GROUND WATER STUDIES • MINERAL EXPLORATION • GEOENVIRONMENTAL AND GEO ENGG. STUDIES OCEAN APPLICATIONS
• POTENTIAL FISHING ZONE (PFZ) MAPPING • MONITORING OF NAVIGATIONAL CHANNELS • COASTAL ZONE MAPPING • CORAL REEF MAPPING INTL. GEOSPHERE BIOSPHERE PROGRAMME
• ATMOSPHERIC MINOR CONSTITUENTS AND AEROSOLS • LAND-AIR OCEAN INTERACTION • PAST CLIMATE DATA MODELLING
INTEGRATED MISSION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
• SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT
TSUNAMI
IRS-1D LIII Image of 19-Dec-04
Part of Kerala
Arabian Sea
Tottapalli
Pallana
Quilon
Arabian Sea
Kerala
Arabian Sea
Tottapalli
Pallana
IRS-1D LIII Image of 27-Dec-04
53
23
373
329
31
6
82 90
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Kerala Andaman Andhra Orissa
Islands Pradesh
CP
UE
(K
g.)
PFZ
Non-PFZ
PFZ Image
PFZ Map
OCEAN APPLICATIONS
Sea Surface Temperature
retrieval from NOAA-AVHRR data
PFZ Validation
TEMP. 25 -30 OC NOAA-AVHRR
COLOUR AND TEMPERATURE FEATURES ALONG ANDHRA COAST
NICKEL-CHROMITE BEARING ULTRAMAFIC ROCKS OF SUKINDA, ORISSA
AEROMAGNETIC DATA IRS LISS-III IMAGE
STRUCTURAL MAP
Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission
4382733413
47951
773022006
98994
12014292
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
A.P
. (9
3%
)
Ch
ha
ttis
ga
rh (
93
%)
Ka
rna
tak
a (
95
%)
Ke
rala
(9
2%
)
M.P
. (9
0%
)
Ra
jast
ha
n (
85
-95
%)
Gu
jara
t (9
4%
)
Ori
ssa
(9
2%
)
No
. o
f w
ells
dri
lled
States (success ratio)
Status of 266227 wells under RGNDWM project
Creation of ground water data base (Ground water prospects maps) for identifying potable drinking water sources on
sustainable basis for the problematic habitations
Ground Water Prospects Map (on 1:50,000 Scale)
Potential zones
for Ground water Occurrence
Locations & Priority areas for constructing Recharge structures
Distribution of water quality zones as per
BIS standards
PRE FIRE (11-02-94) POST FIRE (27-03-94)
SIMLIPAL FOREST FIRE MONITORING
IRS -1B IMAGES
IRS–1D LISS-III AND PAN MERGED IMAGE
Korangi Mangrove forest near Kakinada
<-Aqua culture
MANGROVE
DEGRADATION
DUE TO AQUA
CULTURE
ALONG
KAKINADA
COAST
Mangroves
Kakinada Bay
<-Sand spit
COASTAL CHANGES AROUND KAKINADA BAY 1937-38 TO 1989
Flood due to cyclone (29th October 1999) off Orissa coast
IRS LISS III Pre-cyclone (11.10.99)
IRS LISS III Post-cyclone (05.11.99)
RADARSAT DATA of 2nd NOV
Banda Aceh Island (Indonesia) before Tsunami
12 Dec 2004
Banda Aceh Island (Indonesia) after Tsunami
27 Dec 2004
IRS-1C WiFS DATA OF GODAVARI AND KRISHNA DELTA, A. P.
RAW DATA
25-1-96 18-2-96
CLASSIFIED DATA
PULSES PADDY
LAND USE / LAND COVER MAPPING
(SCALE :1:250,000)
KHARIF ONLY
RABI ONLY
DOUBLE CROP
RESIDUAL FALLOW
WATER LOGGING
GRASSLAND
KHARIF
RABI
CLASSIFIED MAP
SAMASTIPUR DIST., BIHAR
(June-October)
(Nov.-April)
What is GIS…?
A GIS combines layers of information about a
place. What layers of information to be combined
depends on the purpose.
o Improve Organizational Integration – Share data between departments.
o Make Better Decisions – with better information
o Make Maps - GIS can map any data as one wishes.
It is not just an automated decision making system.
But a tool to query, analyze, and map data in support
of the decision making process.
+
Why GIS…? = GIS
What we can Do with GIS Mapping Quantities Mapping Densities
Finding what Inside Finding What is near by & Mapping Change
Mapping Where Things are
Man-made objects & landscape features that can pose dangers to aircrafts.
The number of breast cancer cases in Cape Cod. Whether pesticides or other toxic chemicals contributed to the number of cases.
Measure the number of features using a uniform area unit, such as acres or square miles.
Map showing schools, highways, sirens, and other features within a 10-mile radius of the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station for emergency planning.
Map showing all properties within 3 miles of the path of a chlorine plume for emergency response teams to follow the path of the plume.
Process
• Base Map
• Database modeling
• Field data collection
• Integration
• GIS Solutions
Polygon Line
Building
Pump House House
Street Water Line
Feature
To prepare GIS base map on 1:1000 scale using high resolution satellite data for strategic planning, resource utilization & management functions of day to day operations. The major objectives are :
Collection and Analysis of Secondary data from concerned ULBs for reviewing the Existing Situation
Procurement of Very High Resolution Satellite Imagery (VHRS) and processing using DGPS points
Digitisation of Satellite Imagery for developing common thematic layers
Ground Verification and Validation to enrich all the thematic layers
Generation of 1 meter Contour for entire ULBs using Auto Level and Total Station
Incorporation of all Boundary Maps (Ward, Zone, Slum and Cadastral).
Designing Topology & Symblogy for Map Composition & Deployment of Final Data base.
Objectives
CED
CED
. Procurement of Satellite Imagery (Quickbird / Geoeye2)
Collection of secondary data from ULBs o Existing Base Map/ Master Plan o Municipal Jurisdiction, Ward, Locality, Slum and Tax Zones o Cadastral/ Survey Maps with Number o Utilities and services (water supply, sewerage, Manholes and
Drainage Network, etc) o SoI / Irrigation Bench Mark details o Required Information and Reports
Review and validation of data o Source and reliability o Accuracy o Attribute authenticity
CED
Activity I:Collection of Secondary Data & Procurement of High Resolution Satellite Imagery
.
GCPs Planning over the Raw Satellite Imagery for DGPS Survey
Observation of Base station minimum 6 hrs at suitable location deploying DGPS (TRIMBLE MAKE SPS 985, R6 Dual frequency GNSS Receiver)
Remaining GCPs collected through uninterrupted observation in triangulation method with minimum 15 to 30 minute observation
All the Raw data will be processed using Trimble Business Center Software by connecting Base point with the fixed co-ordinate of IGS in absence of SoI Bench Mark
Submission of DGPS Report including Photographs, Location Sketch and Base line Processing Report of each control points as Deliverables
CED
Activity II: DGPS survey for Ground ControlPoints (GCPs) provision
Intergraph Erdas Imagine and ESRI’s ArcGIS for Geo-referencing
GCP Inputting and Computation of Transformation Model (Polynomial Order)
Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) Calculation and Re-sampling using Intensity interpolation (Nearest Neighborhood)
Image Processing including Image Enhancement, Seam less Mosaicing, Histogram Equalization and Color balancing
Rectified Satellite Imagery with Image Processing Report
CED
Activity III :Geometric Correction & Image Processing
Selection of appropriate Projection System (WGS 1984, UTM
44N / UTM 45 N)
National Urban Information System (NUIS) based data
structure designing
Development of data Model and Geo-Database with desired
fields
Unique ID generation for easy retrieval and MIS-GIS
integration
CED
Activity IV : Design of Data Structure and GRID for Spatial and
Non-Spatial Datasets
Preparation of Common base map for all the layer to be surveyed
Digitization (using GIS and CAD tools) from Rectified Satellite Imagery
Following Features will be interpreted from Satellite Imagery o Building Foot Prints
o Roads and Railways
o Water bodies like Canal/ Drain/ Nallah, Pond/ Lake
o Other land use such as Agriculture land, Open Space, Parks/
Gardens, etc
CED
Activity V : Pre-Field Digitization from Rectified Imagery
Geo-referencing and
aligning boundary maps
on the satellite imagery
Conversion of Utility
like water Supply,
drainage and Power
supply network will be
overplayed on the
digitized data sets
Digitization and geo-
referencing of
Survey/Cadastral maps
CED
Activity VI : Digitization of all Boundary Maps
Ground supplementation will be carried out (as most of the data/layers uninterruptable from Satellite Imagery)
Digitized data converted to A3 Size color hard copy to enrich the attribute
All the layer will be attributed using customized codes and scripts
Online attribute updation (provides accurate and quick integration and subsequent ground checking ensuring precise informative)
CED
Activity VII : Ground Verification and Attribute Integration
Identification of Survey of India (SoI) /Irrigation Bench Mark station
Establishment of PBMs at suitable Location for Leveling the entire Study areas
Total Station Traverse to carry Ground Level with respect to the concerned PBMs
Digital Elevation Model and Contour generation using ArcGIS and Civil 3D Software
Contour Line, PBMs Traverse Report, Spot Height Submission as deliverables
CED
Activity VIII : 1 meter Contour mapping using Auto Level/
Electronic Total Station Survey
Design of Map Template and Symbology for Base Map Composition
Publishing of Base Map on 1:750 Scale for Ground Checking as Check Prints
Base Map on 1:1000 Scale after incorporating feedback and Suggestion from Check Prints
Final Base Map Publication on 1:5000 Scale after finalizing Symbology and Template
CED
Activity IX : Design Template and Setting Symbology for Base
Map Composition
Case Study on Nizmabad Municipal Corporation, Telangana
44 LAYER FOR BASE MAP
SL.No GIS Layers for Mapping 1 Municipal Boundary 2 Area of Interest Boundary 3 Ward_ Boundary 4 Zone _Boundary 5 Tax Zone 6 Industrial Zone 7 Colony Boundary 8 Slum Boundary 9 Buildings Boundaries 9 Plots Boundaries
10 Drain (for Streams/Drainage/ Canal) 11 Storage Tanks (for Over Head Tanks) 12 Landfill Site 13 DGPS Points (GCP) 14 Sewerage Network 14 Drainage Network 15 Manholes 16 Water Supply Network 17 Vent Shaft 18 Hoardings 19 Drainage Pumping Station 20 Water Treatment Plant 21 Fire Stations 22 Garbage Collection Point 23 Slaughter House
SL.No GIS Layers for Mapping 24 Street Light 25 Bridges (Bridges / Flyover) 26 Parks (Parks/Garden) 27 Tube Well 28 Hand Pump 29 Community Toilet 30 Cell Phone Tower 31 Water Pumping Stations 32 Traffic Square 33 Railway 34 Contours 35 Power Supply Network 36 Electric Transformers 37 Landmarks 38 Road Network 39 Carriage Way 40 Footpath
41 Sewage Treatment Plant and Sewage Pumping Station
42 Telephone Tower 43 Bus Shelters 44 Village map(Cadastral Map/Town Survey Maps)
SYMBOLOGY FOR ALL LAYER OF BASE MAP
Georeferenced Satellite Imagery with DGPS Points, Nizamabad
Road Network Digitization from Imagery
Building Foot prints Digitization
Field Survey Sheet with Attribute Information
Attribute Integration
Land Use Map of Medak (Statistics)
Land Use Map of Nizamabad Contd..
Sl.No Land Use Percentage Area Count
1 BUILTUP AREA 48.60 21.85 2804
2 AGRICULTURE 24.31 10.93 109
3 OPEN SPACES 11.14 5.01 330
4 CARRIAGEWAY 7.84 3.52 1
5 WATERBODIES 4.94 2.22 34
6 ANY OTHERS 2.53 1.14 48
7 RAILWAY
PROPERTIES 0.64 0.29 11
44.96
49%
24%
11%
8%
5%
2% 1%
Land Use of Nizamabad
BUILTUP AREA
AGRICULTURE
OPEN SPACES
CARRIAGEWAY
WATERBODIES
ANY OTHERS
RAILWAY PROPERTIES
Total Road Length- 732
K.m
Length-440 Km
Length-267 Km
Length-744 Km
Contour Map of Nizamabad
Land use Classification of Building
Building Landuse COUNT
RESIDENTIAL 50071
COMMERCIAL 2765
INDUSTRIAL 670
PRIVATE VACANT PLOT 2178
MIX(RESD+IND) 15
MIX(RESD+COM) 3443
MIX (COM+IND) 2
EDUCATIONAL 902
RELIGIOUS 622
RECREATIONAL 177
GARDEN PARKS 20
HISTORICAL MONUMENT 5
Building Landuse COUNT
PARKING SPACE 9 BUS STAND/TAXI SATND/AUTO
STAND 14
DENSE TREE AREA 26
HEALTH SERVICES 251
COMMUNITY TOILET 8
BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE 53
ELECTRIC SUB STATION 18
MARKET 26
ANY OTHER 337
STATE GOVT. PROPERTIES 659
CENTRAL GOVT. PROPERTIES 184
GREEN BELT 9
MUNICIPAL ASSET 2
LAND FILL SITE 0
RAILWAY PROPERTIES 21
GRAVE YARD 13
Total 62501
Statistics of Base Map Feature Information as Per field Survey
Sl.No Feature No of Feature Sl.No Feature No of Feature
1 Hoarding 366 17 DGPS Points 44
2 Hand Pump 632 18 PBM 22
3 Tube Well 91 19 Spot Height 296
4 Manhole 5050 20 Tele Phone Tower 155
5 Bus Shelter 17 21 Traffic Square 11
6 Street Light 20643 22 Bridges and Flyover 83
7 Community Toilet 8 23 Land Fill Site 1
8 Fire Station 1 24 Landmarks 1712
9 Cell Phone Tower 156
10 Water Pumping Stations 2
11 Water Treatment Plant 2
12 Slaughter House 0
13 Garbage Collection
Points 583
14 Parks 15
15 Over Head Tank 37
16 Electric Transformer 1063
Comparative statement of features – Map vs ULB
Information as per field Survey
Sl.No Feature No of Feature
1 Hoarding 366
2 Function Hall 55
3 Hospital 177
4 School 115
5 Bus Shelter 17
6 Street Light 20643
7 Community Toilet 8
8 Fire Stations 1
9 Cell Phone Tower 156
10 Grave Yard 16
11 Market 4
12 Slum 68
Information as per ULBs Record
Sl.No Feature No of Feature
1 Hoarding 52
2 Function Hall 47
3 Hospital 115
4 School 48
5 Bus Shelter 15
6 Street Light 9239
7 Community Toilet 10
8 Fire Station 1
9 Cell Phone Tower 143
10 Grave Yard 14
11 Market 4
12 Slum Total -74 Notified-54, Non Notified -
20
Town Planning & Urban Development – Preparation of Master Plan and other Development Plan
Property Tax /Revenue Improvement – Accessing and Numbering of Each House Hold/Property in order to increase Property Tax Return and reduce High accumulation of arrears
Utility & Engineering –Monitoring and better planning to improve Service Delivery.
Sanitation Engineering – Collection and Transportation of Municipal Waste to the landfill sites and Mapping of Toilet and Slums in order to successful execution of Swaach Bharat Abhijyan
CED
Application of Geo-Spatial Technology in Municipal Administration
THANK YOU
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