Appendix: Commercially available polyimides P.M. HERGENROTHER, H. STENZENBERGER and D. WILSON Introduction Since the early 1960s, numerous polyimides in various forms have been available. Several of these materials have had short lives on the marketplace, due either to an unfavourable combination of processability, price and performance, or an elusive market-in some instances, a company's interest in polyimides simply waned. Although a polymer may have been developed for a specific use, it may often be suitable for a number of applications. Some companies offer a polyimide in several grades, perhaps with different filler content, particle size, solvent or molecular weight. The list of commercially available polyimides presented in this Appendix is intended to familiarise the reader with representative examples of the various forms, rather than provide a detailed, comprehensive summary. Further information on any particular material can, of course, be obtained from the suppliers, details of whom are given. For convenience, the Appendix is divided into two sections, the first dealing with polyimides and the second with bismaleimides. A.l Polyimides A.l.I Adhesives American Cyanamid Company, Havre de Grace, Maryland, USA Condensation polyimide adhesives such as FM34B-18, BR34B-18 and FM-36. PMR-15 type polyimide adhesive (FM-35) Polyimide adhesives, primarily for electronic applications Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc., Kasumigaseki, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, Japan and MTC America, Inc., New York, USA LaRC-TPI National Starch and Chemical Corporation, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA Thermid 600 adhesives Rogers Corporation, Manchester, Connecticut, USA Durimid (LaRC-TPI)
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Appendix: Commercially available polyimides
P.M. HERGENROTHER, H. STENZENBERGER and D. WILSON
Introduction
Since the early 1960s, numerous polyimides in various forms have been available. Several of these materials have had short lives on the marketplace, due either to an unfavourable combination of processability, price and performance, or an elusive market-in some instances, a company's interest in polyimides simply waned.
Although a polymer may have been developed for a specific use, it may often be suitable for a number of applications. Some companies offer a polyimide in several grades, perhaps with different filler content, particle size, solvent or molecular weight. The list of commercially available polyimides presented in this Appendix is intended to familiarise the reader with representative examples of the various forms, rather than provide a detailed, comprehensive summary. Further information on any particular material can, of course, be obtained from the suppliers, details of whom are given. For convenience, the Appendix is divided into two sections, the first dealing with polyimides and the second with bismaleimides.
A.l Polyimides
A.l.I Adhesives
American Cyanamid Company, Havre de Grace, Maryland, USA
Condensation polyimide adhesives such as FM34B-18, BR34B-18 and FM-36. PMR-15 type polyimide adhesive (FM-35) Polyimide adhesives, primarily for electronic applications
Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc., Kasumigaseki, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, Japan and MTC America, Inc., New York, USA
LaRC-TPI
National Starch and Chemical Corporation, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA
Thermid 600 adhesives
Rogers Corporation, Manchester, Connecticut, USA
Durimid (LaRC-TPI)
286 POL YIMIDES
A.\'2 C oatilllfs
Cemota, 69-Solaize, France, or, IFP Enterprises, New York, USA
Various polyimides.
Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Santa Clara, California, USA
Polyimides XU-2IS series Photo imagable polyimide (Probimide 300)
Du Pont Company, Industrial Films Division, Wilmington, Delaware, USA (E.1. du Pont de Nemours and Co. Inc.)
PYRE-ML (wire coating) and various other polyimides such as 2555 and 2545
Ethyl Corporation, 451 Florida Blvd., Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
Polyimides Eymyd series
General Electric, Plastics Business Group, 11400 S.E. 8th St., Suite 410, Bellevue, Washington 98004, USA
Polyimide Siloxanes such as 2065, 3500 and 4605-40
National Starch and Chemical Corporation, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA
Thermid materials such as EL-5000 and EL-9000 series
A.1.3 Fibres
Lenzing AG, A-4S60, Lenzing, Austria
Polyimide fibre (PS4), based upon Polyimide 20S0
A.\.4 Films
Du Pont Company Industrial Films Division, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
Kapton Polyimide films
Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., Sakamoto, Shiga Prefecture, Japan, and Allied-Signal Engineered Plastics, Morristown, New Jersey, USA
Apical Polyimide films
APPENDIX: COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE POLYIMIDES 287
Mitsubishi Kasel Corporation, 5-2, Marunouchi, 2-chome Chiyodaku, Tokyo '100, Japan
Novax polyimide films
Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc., Kasumigaseki 3-2-5, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, Japan
Polyketoneimide films
Nitto Electric Industrial Co. Ltd., 919, Fuke-cho, Klimeyama-shi, Mie-ken 519-01, Japan
Polyimide films
A.\.5 Foams
CYRO Industries, Clifton, New Jersey, USA
Polymethacrylimide foams (Rohacell)
Ethyl Corporation, 451 Florida Blvd., Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
Polyimide foams (Soli mid)
Monsanto, 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63167, USA
Polyimide foams (Skybond)
A.\.6 Powders and mouldings
Amoco Performance Products Inc., 38C Grove St., Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
Polyamideimide (Torion) moulding powders
Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan, USA
Polyimide 2080 moulding powders
Du Pont Company, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
Polyimide mouldings ('Vespel')
General Electric Specialty Plastics, 11400 S.E. 8th St., Suite 410, Bellevue, Washington 98004, USA
Polyetherimide (Ultem) moulding powders
High Technology Services, Troy, New York, USA
Polyimide sui phones (Techimer)
Hysol Composites, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
PMR-15 powders
288 POLyrMIDES
Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc., Kasumigaseki, 3-2-5, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, Japan
LaRC-TPI moulding powders
Rogers Corporation, Manchester, Connecticut, USA
Durimid and Enrex moulding powders and mouldings
A.I. 7 Prepregs
American Cynamid Company, Havre de Grace, Maryland, USA
Prepregs such as Cypac 7005 and 7156-1
Amoco Performance Products Inc., Danbury, Connecticut, USA
Torlon series of polyamideimide prepregs
BP Chemicals (Hitco) Inc., Santa Ana, California, USA and Ferro Corporation (Composites Division), Culver City, California, USA
LaRC-160 prepreg
Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Composite Materials Department, Fountain Valley, California, USA
Matrimid 5218 polyimide prepregs
Du Pont Company, Composites Division, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
A vimid K prep reg A vimid N prepreg
Ethyl Corporation, Commercial Development Division, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
Eymyd prepregs
Fiberite Corporation, Advanced Materials Business Group, ICI Americas Inc., Wilmington, Delaware, USA
Skybond prepregs
General Electric Plastics, 11400 S.E. 8th St., Suite 410, Bellevue, Washington 98004, USA
Ultem series of polyetherimides
Hysol Composites, 179600 Englewood Dr., Cleveland, Ohio 44130, USA
PMR-II
APPENDIX: COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE POLYIMIDES
Monsanto Company, 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63167, OSA
Skybond condensation polyimides
289
National Starch and Chemical, Finderne Av., Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807, USA
Thermid 600 series of prepregs
A.1.8 Others
Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc. 2 Grand Central Tower, 140 East 45th St., New York, NY 10017, USA
New TPI Polyimide
A.2 Bismaleimides
A.2.1 Bismaleimide adhesives
American Cyanamid Company, Engineered Materials Department, 1300 Revolution St., Havre de Grace, Maryland, MO 21078-3899, USA
Bismaleimide based adhesives such as FM-32
Hysol/Dexter Corporation, Pittsburg, California, USA
Bismaleimide based adhesives such as EA9655, EA9673 and LRlOO-74
A.2.2 Bismaleimide resins
Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Hawthorne, New York 10532
Matrimide 5292 A, B, a two component resin system compnsmg 4,4' -bismaleimidodiphenylmethane (M5292A) and Diallylbisphenol-A (M5292B)
RD85-101, a BMI building block based on diaminodiphenylindane. These materials are designed for hot melt prepregging.
Araldite XU5292, a bismaleimide resin solution for PCB-applications.
Du Pont Company, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
Bismaleimide building block MV-A2 which, chemically, IS 1,3 Bismaleimidobenzene.
Mitsubishi Gas Chemicals Co. Inc., Mitsubishi International Corporation 520 Madison Av., 11th Floor, New York, NY 10022, USA
A series of BT - resin grades which are blends of Bismaleimide (B) and Triazine (T) resins. Main use in printed circuit boards.
290 POLYIMIDES
Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc., Kasumigaseki, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, Japan, and MTC America, Inc., New York, USA.
Bismaleimide-S which, chemically, is 4,4'-bismaleimidodiphenylmethane. Th.: company also offers other BMI-building blocks.
Rhone-Poulenc Chimie, Lyon, France (Rhone-Poulenc Inc., Seattle, U.S.A.)
Kerimide 601, a soluble BMI powder for multilayer board application, plus a series of research and development products under the designation FE 70000.
Rhodimid M3 (4,4'-Bismaleimidodiphenylmethane).
Reichhold Chemicals, Inc., Warren, New York 07060.
A line of 1M-AD bismaleimide resins engineered for high performance applications in the manufacture of printed circuit boards and aerospace composites and laminates.
1M-AD 94-308 (4,4'-Bismaleimidodiphenylmethane).
Amoco Chemical UK (Europe) S.A., 15 rue Rothschild, CH-1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland.
Various bismaleimide resins
BASF, Ludwigshafan, FRG
Narmco 5250-2, 5250-3, 5250-4 - a series of proprietary BMI prepreg resins. Narmco 5250-4 - is the toughest system. Narmco 5250-2 - has the highest Tg (glass transition temperature) of this series.
R6450, R6452 proprietary BMI formulations. R6453 high compression after impact BMI formulation.
Ciba-Geigy Composites, Duxford, UK
Fibredux DLS 811 and Fibredux 6451, two proprietary formulations for low pressure autoclave moulding.
APPENDIX: COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE POL YIMIDES 291
Cyanamid Aerospace, Wrexham, UK Various bismaleimide resins.
Shell Chemical Company, Houston, Texas 77252-2463.
A complete series of bismaleimide building blocks, unformulated BMI-resins, formulated BMI products for aerospace and electronic applications commercialised under the trademark COMPIMIDE":
Building block:
Unformulated BMI-resins; Formulated Products:
Comonomers for BMI resins:
BMI resin solution:
COMPIMIDE MDAB = high purity 4,4' -Bismaleimido-diphenyl-methane
COMPIMIDES 353, 353A, 796 COMPIMIDE 15 MRK for injection and compression moulding COMPIMIDE 65 FWR is a filament wind able bismaleimide resin
COMPIMIDE 121, a liquid Bis(allylphenyl) compound and COMPIMIDE 123 (chemically Bis-(opropenyl) phenoxy benzophenone.
COMPIMIDE 1206-F55, a 55-60% by weight solution of bismaleimide for prepregging
Technochemie GmbH-Verfahrenstechnik. Dossenheim. FRG (a member of the Royal Dutch shell Group of Companies).
Same products as Shell Chemical Company, Houston, Texas, COMPIMIDE resins are commercialised in Germany by Deutsche Shell Chemie GmbH, Eschhorn.
A.2.3 Bismaleimide Prepregs
American Cyanamid, Havre de Grace, MD 21078
Carbon Fibre UD and fabric prepreg based on Cycom 3100 BMI resins, a proprietary formulation.
FM32, a bismaleimide film adhesive.
Amoco Performance Products, Bound Brook, New Jersey 08805.
MR54-4, a tough BMI resin formulation with a cured resin Tg of 260°C, low water uptake, 180°C hot/wet service MR56-2, a BMI resin formulation for high service temperature (Yg 350°C).
These prep regs are also available through American Cyanamid.
292 POLYIMIDES
Hexcel, Dublin, California
F 178, a first generation high 1'g BMI-resin formulation F 650, a high 1'g BMI-resin system. F 652, tough controlled flow BMI-resin formulation F 655, controlled flow tough BMI-system for intermediate modulus fibres
Hitco Materials Division, Anaheim, California (now BP Chemicals (Hitco) Inc.)
see U.S. Polymeric
Hysol (The Dexter Corporation), Pittsburg, Ca 94565-3299, California, USA
EA 9655 and EA 9763, adhesive formulations based on bismaleimide chemistry
ICI/Fiberite, Tempe, ArizonajWinona, MN 55987 or Greenwich, Tx 75401
Fiberite X86, a high temperature laminating system based on bismaleimide resin
U.S. Polymeric, Santa Ana, California (a Subsidiary of BP Chemicals (Hitco) Inc.)
V 378A, a high 1'g hot/wet resistant resin V 390, a toughened high 1'g BMI-formulation V 398, a tough BMI-system V 391, a BMI-thermoset with toughness properties of thermoplastics